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Cyprus (theme)

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Theme of Cyprusθέμα Κύπρου
965–1191
Cyprus shaded within the Byzantine Empire, AD 1000Cyprus shaded within the Byzantine Empire, AD 1000
StatusTheme of the Byzantine Empire (965–1185)
Rump state (1185–1191)
Historical eraMiddle Ages
• Establishment as a theme 960s
• Isaac Komnenos of Cyprus proclaims independence 1185
ISO 3166 codeCY
Preceded by Succeeded by
Byzantine province of Cyprus
Cyprus under the Knights Templar (1191–1192)
Today part ofCyprus
Akrotiri and Dhekelia

The Theme of Cyprus (Template:Lang-el, thema Kyprou) was a Byzantine military-civilian province, located in the island of Cyprus, established in the 960s after the reconquest of Cyprus by the Byzantine navy. Prior to this the island had been a Byzantine-Arab condominium for three centuries, except occasional short periods where it was occupied by either power. Important cities on the island at this time included Nicosia, Limosol, and Famagusta.

A rebellion by governor Theophilos Erotikos in 1042, and another in 1091 by Rhapsomates, failed as they were quickly subdued by imperial forces.

At the end of the 12th century there were again separatist tendencies in Cyprus: Isaac Komnenos of Cyprus proclaimed himself as "basileus" (emperor) in 1185. Cyprus remained under his command until its conquest in 1191 during the Third Crusade by Richard I of England, who sold it to the Knights Templars.

Sources

Themes of the Byzantine Empire according to De Thematibus (c. 950)
Eastern or Asian themes
Western or European themes
Thrace and Macedonia were counted among the Eastern themes for hierarchical purposes
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