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Foreign relations of Mauritius

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Politics of Mauritius
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Administrative divisions
Foreign relations

Mauritius has strong and friendly relations with the West, with South Asian countries and with the countries of southern and eastern Africa. It is a member of the World Trade Organization, the Commonwealth of Nations, La Francophonie, the African Union, the Southern Africa Development Community, the Indian Ocean Commission, COMESA, and the recently formed Indian Ocean Rim Association.

Trade, commitment to democracy, and the country's small size are driving forces behind Mauritian foreign policy. The country's political heritage and dependence on Western markets have led to close ties with the European Union and its member states, particularly France, the colonial power until 1810, Mauritius' only immediate neighbour being Réunion, both an overseas department of France and an outermost region of the EU. Mauritius also maintains close ties with the United Kingdom, a former member EU state and the colonial power until 1968.

Considered part of Africa geographically, Mauritius has friendly relations with other African states in the region, particularly South Africa, by far its largest continental trading partner. Mauritian investors are gradually entering African markets, notably Madagascar and Mozambique. Mauritius coordinates much of its foreign policy with the Southern Africa Development Community and the Organisation of African Unity. The country is also a member of the Port Management Association of Eastern and Southern Africa (PMAESA).

Relations with France and India are strong for both historical and commercial reasons. Foreign embassies in Mauritius include Australia, South Korea, the United Kingdom, People's Republic of China, Egypt, France, India, Madagascar, Pakistan, Russian Federation, Bangladesh, and the United States.

Mauritius is also a member of the International Criminal Court with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the US-military (as covered under Article 98).

International disputes

Mauritius claims the entire Chagos Archipelago in the Indian Ocean and also claims the whole French-administered Tromelin Island.

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Mauritius maintains diplomatic relations with:

# Country Date
1  France 29 February 1968
2  United Kingdom 12 March 1968
3  United States 12 March 1968
4  India 12 March 1968
5  Pakistan 12 March 1968
6  Russia 17 March 1968
7  Germany 23 March 1968
8  Israel 23 April 1968
9  Canada 24 April 1968
10  New Zealand 28 April 1968
11  Madagascar 27 August 1968
12  Belgium 1968
13  Netherlands 5 March 1969
14   Switzerland 11 March 1969
15  Japan 22 October 1969
—  Holy See 9 March 1970
16  Egypt 26 March 1970
17  Italy 8 April 1970
18  Syria 22 May 1970
19  Australia 25 September 1970
20  Serbia 6 October 1970
21  South Korea 3 July 1971
22  Iran 25 September 1971
23  China 15 April 1972
24  Bangladesh 1972
25  Norway 30 January 1973
26  Luxembourg 28 February 1973
27  Denmark 2 March 1973
28  North Korea 16 March 1973
29  Guinea 29 October 1973
30  Finland 31 October 1973
31  Sweden 1973
32  Argentina 8 April 1974
33  Jamaica 20 May 1974
34  Romania 25 June 1974
35  Barbados 14 December 1974
36  Zambia 29 December 1974
37  Brazil 1974
38  Bulgaria 20 June 1975
39  United Arab Emirates 4 January 1976
40  Kuwait 11 January 1976
41  Tunisia 9 February 1976
42  Austria 10 February 1976
43  Algeria 12 February 1976
44  Bahrain 12 February 1976
45  Libya 17 February 1976
46  Jordan February 1976
47  Iraq 22 March 1976
48  Oman 22 March 1976
49  Yemen March 1976
50  Morocco 8 June 1976
51  Czech Republic 10 June 1976
52  Nigeria 16 June 1976
53  Democratic Republic of the Congo 19 June 1976
54  Uganda 19 June 1976
55  Mexico 30 July 1976
56  Cuba 18 October 1976
57  Turkey 18 October 1976
58  Portugal 12 December 1976
59  Albania October 1977
—  Sovereign Military Order of Malta 1977
60  Saudi Arabia 5 August 1978
61  Myanmar 30 December 1978
62  Thailand 22 January 1979
63  Poland 30 April 1979
64  Spain 30 May 1979
65  Sudan 1979
66  Maldives 15 January 1981
67    Nepal 12 February 1981
68  Greece 23 February 1981
69  Indonesia 27 May 1983
70  Gabon August 1983
—  Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 1983
71  Mozambique 29 November 1984
72  Comoros 25 February 1985
73  Malaysia 13 August 1986
74  Qatar 1986
75  Seychelles 17 June 1988
76  Chile 30 September 1988
77  Colombia 30 September 1988
78  Singapore 27 October 1989
79  Hungary 24 April 1990
80  Brunei 2 July 1990
—  State of Palestine 1990
81  Ukraine 12 October 1992
82  Guyana 1 December 1992
83  South Africa 7 December 1993
84  Vietnam 4 May 1994
85  Cambodia 18 May 1994
86  Slovakia 31 May 1995
87  Ethiopia June 1996
88  Azerbaijan 19 July 1996
89  Marshall Islands 23 October 1996
90  Slovenia 30 May 1997
91  Turkmenistan 2 July 1997
92  Namibia 16 July 1997
93  Croatia 3 September 1997
94  Eswatini 7 October 1997
95  Philippines 23 January 1998
96  Uzbekistan 4 August 1999
97  Lithuania 20 September 1999
98  Ireland August 2000
99  Cyprus 1 February 2001
100  North Macedonia 7 February 2001
101  Malawi 9 February 2001
102  Rwanda 16 March 2001
103  Moldova 25 June 2001
104  Vanuatu 13 August 2001
105  El Salvador 6 September 2001
106  Estonia 24 October 2001
107  Laos 23 May 2002
108  Zimbabwe 6 December 2002
109  Latvia 12 February 2003
110  São Tomé and Príncipe 28 February 2003
111  Angola 3 March 2003
112  Gambia 4 March 2003
113  Burkina Faso 14 March 2003
114  East Timor 20 March 2003
115  Benin 24 March 2003
116  Dominican Republic 30 April 2003
117  Ecuador 13 May 2003
118  Fiji 2 September 2003
119  Dominica 23 September 2003
120  Belarus 26 September 2003
121  Mali 1 December 2003
122  Iceland 15 December 2003
123  Eritrea 21 April 2004
124  Equatorial Guinea 26 May 2004
125  Lesotho 20 July 2004
126  Venezuela 2 May 2005
127  Malta 19 May 2005
128  Botswana 7 February 2006
129  Guatemala 7 September 2006
130  Andorra 21 December 2006
131  Tanzania 22 May 2007
132  Bosnia and Herzegovina 30 May 2007
133  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 18 June 2007
134  Trinidad and Tobago 17 September 2009
135  Sri Lanka 20 July 2010
136  Paraguay 28 September 2010
137  Mauritania 1 December 2010
138  Georgia 3 March 2011
139  Republic of the Congo 6 July 2011
140  Honduras 8 September 2011
141  Bhutan 2 July 2012
142  Montenegro 26 September 2012
143  Armenia 28 June 2013
144  Mongolia 3 July 2014
145  Kazakhstan 15 October 2014
146  Saint Lucia 7 November 2014
147  Ivory Coast 4 March 2016
148  Kyrgyzstan 16 June 2016
149  Solomon Islands 1 July 2016
150  Saint Kitts and Nevis 25 November 2016
151  Djibouti 12 December 2016
152  Bahamas 18 January 2017
153  Togo 22 February 2017
154  Central African Republic 24 March 2017
155  Tajikistan 10 May 2017
156  Liechtenstein 12 May 2017
157  Federated States of Micronesia 10 October 2017
158  Haiti 13 February 2018
159  Palau 15 March 2018
160  Niger 26 March 2018
161  Belize 4 April 2018
162  San Marino 20 April 2018
163  Uruguay 15 May 2019
164  Suriname 21 March 2022
165  Cape Verde Unknown
166  Ghana Unknown
167  Kenya Unknown
168  Senegal Unknown
169  Somalia Unknown

Bilateral relations

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Australia 25 September 1970
  • Australia has a high commission in Port Louis.
  • Mauritius has a high commission in Canberra.
 Bangladesh 1972 See Bangladesh–Mauritius relations

Bangladesh and Mauritius share a common heritage in culture and politics. Diplomatic relations were established in 1972, soon after the achievement of Bangladeshi independence. Both nations have rapidly growing trade ties and increasing investment and financial linkages. Bangladesh has a High Commission in Port Louis. The two countries are common members of the Indian Ocean Rim Association and the Commonwealth of Nations.

  • Bangladesh has a high commission in Port Louis.
  • Mauritius is accredited to Bangladesh from its high commission in New Delhi, India.
 Brazil 1975
  • Brazil is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Mauritius is accredited to Brazil from its embassy Washington, D.C., United States.
 Canada 1967

Canada and Mauritius established diplomatic relations in 1967. Both countries are members of the Commonwealth of Nations and La Francophonie.

  • Canada is accredited to Mauritius from its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa and maintains an honorary consulate in Port Louis.
  • Mauritius is accredited to Canada from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.
 China 15 April 1972 See China–Mauritius relations

Under the President of the People's Republic of China Hu Jintao in 2010, an investment package of $750m was allocated to Mauritius to develop the Jinfei Special Economic Zone which consists of 211 hectares (521 acres) of land. Buildings of infrastructure and services primarily serving interests of Chinese companies operating the African region but would also eventually open up to foreign parties. The proposed investment package also includes development of advance logistic operations in Mauritius, construction of a university and an oceanographic research centre. This investment package is Mauritius' largest single foreign direct investment ever.

 Cyprus 1 February 2001
  • Both countries are members of the Commonwealth of Nations
  • List of bilateral agreements.
  • Cyprus is accredited to Mauritius from its High Commission in Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Mauritius is accredited to Cyprus from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium.
 Ethiopia
  • Ethiopia is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Harare, Zimbabwe.
  • Mauritius has an embassy in Addis Ababa.
 France 12 March 1968 See France–Mauritius relations

France has remained one of its biggest trading partners; in addition, the two countries share close cultural ties in language, media and literature.

  • France has an embassy in Port Louis.
  • Mauritius has an embassy in Paris.
  • Both nations are members of La Francophonie.
 Germany 23 March 1968
  • Germany is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Antananarivo, Madagascar.
  • Mauritius has an embassy in Berlin.
 Greece 23 February 1981
  • Greece is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Mauritius is accredited to Greece from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium.
 Guyana 1 December 1992
  • Mauritius is accredited to Guyana from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on December 1, 1992.
  • Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations.
 India 12 March 1968 See Mauritius–India relations

India and Mauritius established diplomatic relations in 1948. India has remained one of its biggest trading partners; in addition India has deep social and historical links with a large portion of the population of Mauritius, India is the country's second largest source of foreign assistance.

  • India has a High Commission in Port Louis
  • Mauritius has a High Commission in New Delhi. and a consulate in Mumbai.
 Israel

Both countries have signed many bilateral agreements.

 Kenya See Kenya–Mauritius relations
  • Kenya is accredited to Mauritius from its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Mauritius is accredited to Kenya from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
 Madagascar 27 August 1968 See Madagascar–Mauritius relations
  • Madagascar has an embassy in Port Louis.
  • Mauritius has an embassy in Antananarivo.
 Malaysia 13 August 1986 See Malaysia–Mauritius relations

Both countries share strong common ground when it comes to culture. Both were governed by both Dutch and British rulers and gained their independence in the second half of the twentieth century. Both have sizeable representations of Indian and Chinese ethnic groups. Of the 30,000 people of Chinese ancestry residing in Mauritius, the vast majority come from the Hakka and Cantonese provinces, both of which are well present among Malaysia's population of Chinese ancestry. In both countries, Islam, Hinduism and Christianity are represented by important communities. Thus, Malaysia's population consists of 60.4% Muslims, 6.4% of Hindus and 9.1% of Christians; the respective figures for Mauritius are 16.6%, 52% and 30%.

Mauritius has established a High Commission in Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia is not represented by a High Commission in Mauritius, the closest delegates being posted to Zimbabwe. A Double Taxation Avoidance agreement exists between the two countries. Malaysian nationals do not require a visa to enter Mauritius, and Mauritian passport holders do not require a visa to enter Malaysia for tourism.

In recent years, the spectacular development experienced by Malaysia has seen a steady increase in the number of Mauritian visitors to the country. Official figures reveal that 2,320 Mauritian residents disembarked in Malaysia in 2010, a 27.8% increase on the previous year. While this is four times less than the number of Mauritians travelling to Singapore, the trend remains highly positive. In the other direction, 1,438 Malaysian tourists visited Mauritius in 2010, which represents a 23.5% rise on 2009 figures. Most of these tourists arrived during the months of May (143 visitors), June (118), September (188), November (179) and December (172).

Another recent trend has been that of Mauritian youngsters going to Malaysia for higher studies, encouraged by the affordable fees and quality of life.

  • Malaysia is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Harare, Zimbabwe.
  • Mauritius has a high commission in Kuala Lumpur.
 Mexico 30 July 1976
  • Mauritius is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.
  • Mexico is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa and maintains an honorary consulate in Port Louis.
 Pakistan 1969 See Mauritius–Pakistan relations

Relations between Pakistan and Mauritius were first established in 1969. On November 30, 2007, the two countries signed a bilateral Preferential Trade Agreement.

  • Mauritius has a High Commission in Islamabad.
  • Pakistan has a High Commission in Port Louis.
 Romania 25 June 1974

Both countries established diplomatic relations on July 30, 1976.

 Russia 17 March 1968 See Mauritius–Russia relations

The Soviet Union and Mauritius established diplomatic relations on March 17, 1968. The Russian Federation has an embassy in Floreal, Mauritius, and Mauritius has an embassy in Moscow, which was opened in July 2003.

  • Mauritius has an embassy in Moscow.
  • Russia has an embassy in Port Louis.
 Seychelles 17 June 1988
  • Mauritius has an honorary consulate in Victoria.
  • Seychelles has an honorary consulate in Port Louis.
 South Africa 6 December 1993 See Mauritius–South Africa relations

Relations between South Africa and Mauritius were established in 1992 with the establishing of Representative Offices in both countries. Full diplomatic relations were established in 1994. Upon South Africa's return to the Commonwealth, relations have been conducted at the level of High Commission. There is no visa requirements for South Africans visiting Mauritius.

  • Mauritius has a high commission in Pretoria.
  • South Africa has a high commission Port Louis.
 South Korea 3 July 1971

Mauritius and the Republic of Korea established Diplomatic Relations on July 3, 1971.

  • Mauritius is accredited to South Korea from its embassy in Beijing, China.
  • South Korea is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya.
 Spain 30 May 1979
  • Mauritius is accredited to Spain from its embassy in Paris, France.
  • Spain is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
  Switzerland
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1968. Both countries are full members of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie.
  • Mauritius has an embassy in Geneva.
  • Switzerland is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
 Turkey 18 October 1976 See Mauritius–Turkey relations
  • Embassy of Mauritius in Berlin is accredited to Turkey.
  • Turkish Embassy in Antananarivo is accredited to Mauritius.
  • Trade volume between the two countries was 76.5 million USD in 2019.
  • There are direct flights from Istanbul to Mauritius since 15 December 2015.
 United Kingdom 12 March 1968
  • Mauritius has a high commission in London.
  • United Kingdom has a high commission in Port Louis.
 United States 12 March 1968 See Mauritius–United States relations
George W. Bush and Mauritian Prime Minister Anerood Jugnauth. Oval Office, June 26, 2003.

Official U.S. representation in Mauritius dates from the end of the 18th century. An American consulate was established in 1794 and was closed in 1911. It was reopened in 1967 and elevated to embassy status upon Mauritius' independence in 1968. Since 1970, the mission has been directed by a resident U.S. ambassador. In 2002, Mauritius recalled its ambassador to the United Nations for not accurately conveying his government's pro-American stance in the Security Council debate.

  • Mauritius has an embassy in Washington, D.C.
  • United States has an embassy in Port Louis.
 Vietnam 4 May 1994

Both countries established diplomatic relations on May 4, 1994. Both countries are members of La Francophonie.

  • Mauritius is accredited to Vietnam from its high commission in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Vietnam is accredited to Mauritius from its embassy in Maputo, Mozambique.

International organisations

Mauritius has been a member state of the United Nations and the Commonwealth of Nations since independence in 1968.

It is a member of the World Trade Organization, La Francophonie, Organisation of African Unity, the Southern Africa Development Community, the Indian Ocean Commission, COMESA, and the recently formed Indian Ocean Rim Association.

See also

References

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