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Monosodium citrate

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Monosodium citrate
Names
IUPAC name Sodium 2-(carboxymethyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-4-oxobutanoate
Other names sodium dihydrogen 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.038.834 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 242-734-6
E number E331i (antioxidants, ...)
PubChem CID
RTECS number
  • GE9750000
UNII
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C6H8O7.Na/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10;/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12);/q;+1/p-1Key: HWPKGOGLCKPRLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
  • InChI=1/C6H8O7.3Na/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10;;;/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12);;;/q;3*+1/p-3Key: HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-DFZHHIFOAL
SMILES
  • C(C(=O)O)C(CC(=O)O)(C(=O))O.
Properties
Chemical formula C6H7NaO7
Molar mass 214.105 g·mol
Appearance white powder
hygroscopic
Odor odorless
Melting point 212 °C (414 °F; 485 K)
Boiling point 309.6 °C (589.3 °F; 582.8 K)
Solubility in water soluble
Solubility negligible in ethanol
Acidity (pKa) 3.50–3.80
Structure
Crystal structure Monoclinic
Space group P21/a (No. 4)
Formula units (Z) 4
Hazards
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose) 5400 mg/kg (mouse, oral) >2000 mg/kg (rat, dermal)
Safety data sheet (SDS) Carl Roth
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). ☒N verify (what is  ?) Infobox references
Chemical compound

Monosodium citrate, more correctly, sodium dihydrogen citrate (Latin: natrium citricum acidulatum), is an acid salt of citric acid. Disodium citrate and trisodium citrate are also known. It can be prepared by partial neutralisation of citric acid with an aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate or carbonate. It has a slightly acidic taste.

NaHCO3 + C6H8O7 → NaC6H7O7 + CO2 + H2O
Na2CO3 + 2C6H8O7 → 2NaC6H7O7 + CO2 + H2O

It is highly soluble in water and practically insoluble in ethanol. Monosodium citrate is used as an anticoagulant in donated blood. It is used as an alkalinizing agent to prevent kidney stone disease. The crystals form as nearly perfect cubes.

References

  1. "Sodium dihydrogen citrate".
  2. Glusker, Jenny P.; van der Helm, D.; Love, Warner E.; Dornberg, Marilyn L.; Patterson, A. L. (June 1960). "The State of Ionization of Crystalline Sodium Dihydrogen Citrate1". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 82 (11): 2964–2965. doi:10.1021/ja01496a071. ISSN 0002-7863. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
  3. ^ "Monosodium Citrate - Jungbunzlauer". www.jungbunzlauer.com. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  4. Clinical Hematology: Theory and Procedures, Mary Louise Turgeon
  5. PubChem. "Monosodium citrate". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2021-08-02.
  6. Hitchcock, David I. (March 1946). "Sodium Hydrogen Citrates". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 68 (3): 524–525. doi:10.1021/ja01207a507. ISSN 0002-7863. PMID 21015754. Retrieved 22 July 2022.


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