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Paule Tricheux, born in Roubia around 1880 in the Aude region, and dead on 9 August 1960, in Toulouse, was a French seamstress, resistance fighter, and anarchist activist. She first participated in anarchist groups, then took part in an anarchist experiment in Spain during the Spanish Civil War, before joining the Resistance and working to ensure the survival of the French and Spanish libertarian movements during the Nazi Occupation. At the end of the war, she actively contributed to the reconstruction of the movement.

Biography

Born in Roubia, in the Aude region, around 1880, Paule Fabre was a seamstress and laundress. In 1919, she returned to France from Cuba with her partner Alphonse Tricheux and their three children. In the 1920s, Tricheux joined the Toulouse anarchist group Bien-être et Liberté.

She participated in mobilizations advocating for the release of Sacco and Vanzetti, carrying placards at the head of marches. On the placards she held, she wrote: “Free the victims of international capitalism! Long live anarchy, freedom for political prisoners, save Sacco and Vanzetti”. Tricheux also sold Le Libertaire at the Toulouse market every Sunday morning.

After the Francoist coup and the Spanish social revolution, the activist began by raising funds for anarchists. She then joined Puigcerdà, where she took part in organizing an anarchist experiment in the town. Notably, she helped women in the community take on greater responsibilities and move beyond traditionally gendered roles. She also received clothing parcels from France intended to help cover sick or vulnerable individuals. In June 1937, Tricheux was arrested along with her entire family by communists and remained in detention for six months.

During World War II, she hosted clandestine meetings of the French and Spanish libertarian movements at her farm. In 1943, she organized one of the key meetings for the reconstitution of the anarchist movement in France, in which the entire Tricheux family actively participated. This "congress", held on 15-19 July 1943, brought together numerous anarchists, including Volin and Jean-René Saulière, to discuss actions to take and whether or not to support other resistance groups.

She died on 9 August 1960, in Toulouse.

Legacy

Maurice Laisant paid tribute to her after her death in Le Monde libertaire.

References

1. ^ Dupuy, Rolf (2017). TRICHEUX Paule [née Fabre] [Dictionnaire des anarchistes].
2. Le Libertaire (in French), 1928-03-02, retrieved 2024-12-12
3. Le Libertaire (in French), 1936-12-04, retrieved 2024-12-12
4. "Tricheux". balearweb1.rssing.com. Retrieved 2024-12-12.
5. ^ Blanchon, Jean-Louis (1987). "Une expérience libertaire en Cerdagne : Puigcerdà sous le pouvoir des anarchistes (juillet 1936-juin 1937)". Annales du Midi. 99 (177): 87–124. doi:10.3406/anami.1987.2132.
6. Le Libertaire (in French), 1937-04-22, retrieved 2024-12-12
7. ^ "Ephéméride Anarchiste 24 septembre". www.ephemanar.net. Retrieved 2024-12-12.
8. Graf, Andreas G., ed. (2001). Anarchisten gegen Hitler: Anarchisten, Anarcho-Syndikalisten, Rätekommunisten in Widerstand und Exil (Erstausg., 1. Aufl ed.). Berlin: Lukas. p. 86. ISBN 978-3-931836-23-8.
9. CNT-AIT (2021-01-10). "Des anarchistes espagnols en Résistance" (PDF). Actualité de l'Anarchosyndicalisme (in French). Retrieved 2024-12-12.
10. "Le Monde Libertaire". www.monde-libertaire.fr. Retrieved 2024-12-12.