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The Battle Beyond the Volga was Kasym Khan's western campaign against the Nogai Horde in 1513, where Kasym Khan defeated the Nogai Murzas for having gone beyond the Volga.

Background

However, the military campaigns of Muhammad Shaybani Khan into the territory of the Kazakh Khanate caused a temporary delay in the Kazakhs' advancement in the western direction. The new expedition against the mirzas of the Nogai Horde was undertaken by the Kazakh rulers only in 1508. In August of that year, the Nogai ruler Alshagyr-Mirza wrote to Moscow: «On the other hand, the Cossacks are hostile to us: they told us that the army was coming to us, and we roamed against them and, God willing, we will return in good time, in my camp Volga» It can be assumed that the Kazakh khans decided to take advantage of the death of Mirza Hasan, son of Vakkas, which occurred around that time. As a result, the Kazakhs occupied the Yaik River and took Saraichik.

Hasan replaced Yamgurchi as the ruler of the Nogai Horde around 1504. As V.V. Trepavlov suggests, the Kazakhs were marching in large numbers, "after all, the eastern Nogai outposts did not dare to repel the raid overnight and called ("told us") reinforcements from the Volga." There is no mention in the archival materials whether there was a battle between the Nogais and the Kazakhs. It is only known that Alshagyr-Mirza returned to his camp in the spring of 1509 and fought against Sheikh-Muhammad. Perhaps these events were reflected in the well-known epic "Koblandy Batyr," where it is said that during one of his campaigns, Alshagyr, capturing the people of Koblandy Batyr, destroyed the city of Karaspan. According to S. Zholdasbayuly, this city was located on the left bank of the Syr Darya River, near the wintering place of Obryuchevka (South Kazakhstan Region).

Battle and aftermath

In the autumn of 1513, Kasym, having sent away the Moghul Khan Sultan Said, moved his troops westward and defeated the Nogai murzas, forcing them to retreat beyond the Volga. Seizing the opportunity, the Crimean Khan Muhammad Giray launched a campaign in the summer of 1515 to strike the Nogais from the other side.

Notes

1. Atygaev, Nurlan (2023). The Kazakh Khanate: essays on the foreign policy history of the XV-XVII centuries [not in English] (in Russian). Almaty: Eurasian Scientific Research Institute of the Yasavi Moscow State Technical University. pp. 87–88. ISBN 978-601-7805-24-1.
2. Trepavlov, V. V. (2016). History of Nogai Horde (in Russian). Kazan: Publishing house "Kazan real estate". pp. 141–144. ISBN 978-5-9907552-5-3.
3. Radik, Temirgaliev (2013). Ak-horde. The history of the Kazakh Khanate (in Russian). Almaty. p. 153. ISBN 978-601-80213-1-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

• Military history of Kazakhstan
• Kazakh Khanate

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