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Emperor of Hindustan sometimes also translated as Emperor of India was animperial title used by the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire to signify their sovereignity over Northern India and later the Indian subcontinent.

The term was simultaneously used for Northern India and the Indian subcontinent during the Medieval period.

During the rule of the Mughal Empire in the 16th century, the term was equivalent to Emperor of India, many sources also translate Emperor of Hindustan to Emperor of India.

History

Delhi Sultanate

After the Delhi Sultanate gained independence from the Ghurid Empire, it called it's land Hindustan, representing its sovereignity over Northern India (Punjab and the Indo-Gangetic plains) and later the Indian subcontinent.

Scholar Bratindra Nath Mukherjee states that during periods of Delhi Sultanate, Hindustan simultaneously represented Northern India aswell as the entire Indian subcontinent.

Mughal Empire

The Delhi Sultanate was succeeded by the Mughal Empire, which called its polity Hindustan. By this period, Hindustan had come to mean the entirety of the Indian subcontinent rather than only Northern India.

Variations

The title Emperor of India was also used for the Mughal Emperors in some translated sources, a term later used by the British Monarchs.

Other variations were also used:

Sultan of Al-Hind (Salṭan-i-al-Hindīyyah)

Sultanate of Hindustan (Salṭan-i-Hindūstan)

See also

• List of sultans of Delhi
• List of emperors of the Mughal Empire

References and Notes

1. Only during the period of Mughal Empire in/after 16th century.

1. Larned, Josephus Nelson (1895). History for Ready Reference: From the Best Historians, Biographers, and Specialists; Their Own Words in a Complete System of History ... C.A. Nichols Company.
2. Hindustan), Jahangir (Emperor of (1999). The Jahangirnama: Memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India. Freer Gallery of Art, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery. ISBN 978-0-19-512718-8.
3. Journal of Historical Research. Department of History, Ranchi University. 1983.
4. Jackson, Peter (2003-10-16). The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History. Cambridge University Press. p. 86. ISBN 978-0-521-54329-3.
5. Mukherjee, Bratindra Nath (1989). The Foreign Names of the Indian Subcontinent. Place Names Society of India.
6. Vanina, Evgenii͡a I͡Urʹevna (2012). Medieval Indian Mindscapes: Space, Time, Society, Man. Primus Books. ISBN 978-93-80607-19-1.