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Antifs

WP:NPOVN? Doug Weller talk 17:39, 7 September 2024 (UTC)

Perhaps hold off for a while and see if we make any progess. TFD (talk) 00:13, 8 September 2024 (UTC)

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Statistics on Education and Jobs, with home-made graphs

Percentage of jobs by minimum educational attainment
Educational attainment and income

Instead of us getting into the Misplaced Pages-equivalent of flame wars, I'm going to make more statistical plots and graphs. My goal is to understand the American workplace as it relates to education.

I'm working on taking statistics from the BLS (Bureau of Labor Statistics) and making them into plots. Fundamentally, my goal is to analyze educational attainment as it relates to labor, with graphs I make myself. This is a work in progress.

These graphs do explain why Kamala Harris won high-income voters, and Trump won low-income voters this year. Median weekly earnings systematically increase as educational attainment increases. It may seem obvious, but the graph here really shows how thorough it is.

Note: I graduated this year with a Bachelor's in mathematics & statistics, and one of my skills is making plots in RStudio. JohnAdams1800 (talk) 02:48, 27 December 2024 (UTC)

Your perceived correlation between higher income and voting Democratic is a spurious relationship; "a mathematical relationship in which two or more events or variables are associated but not causally related, due to either coincidence or the presence of a certain third, unseen factor." Education is the confounding variable. It explains why your hypothesis breaks down for both the highest 1% and lowest 20% of voters. Furthermore, there are other variables that influence voting which may also help explain the false finding.
In order to test your hypothesis, you need to test it.
Could you please provide linear regression analysis with three variables: party, income and education level. Then tell me what the correlation income and party is. Since you have already entered all the data to determine correlation between party and income and party and education, this should be simple.
Once you factor in religion, race and urban/suburban/exurban/rural, you should see strong relationship between income and party preference, with Republican voting correlating to higher levels of income.
Let me know your results! TFD (talk) 05:19, 27 December 2024 (UTC)
Challenge accepted, to show that I really do know linear regression. These were my three variables: Trump & Harris vote share, median income by state, and percentage Bachelor's by state, for all 50 States and D.C. I first did income. The massive outlier for both is the District of Columbia.
Trump Vote Share vs. Median Income in all 50 States and DC
Harris Vote Share vs. Median Income in all 50 States and DC
JohnAdams1800 (talk) 16:10, 27 December 2024 (UTC)
Second, I did education. This time the correlations were much stronger, as you can see visually. Again, the District of Columbia is a massive outlier.
Trump Vote Share vs. Bachelor's Degree Attainment in all 50 States and DC
Harris Vote Share vs. Bachelor's Degree Attainment in all 50 States and DC
JohnAdams1800 (talk) 16:37, 27 December 2024 (UTC)
Third, I did 3-D plots for both, comparing vote share to both education and income. I'll give you the correlations next.
Trump Vote Share vs. Bachelor's Degree Attainment and Median Income in all 50 States and DC
Harris Vote Share vs. Bachelor's Degree Attainment and Median Income in all 50 States and DC
JohnAdams1800 (talk) 16:51, 27 December 2024 (UTC)
Here are the sets of correlations for income and education each. For full transparency, I'm just copy-and-pasting the R code:
# Calculate correlations for income and vote share
> cor_trump_income <- cor(election_data$Median_Income, election_data$Trump_Share)
> print(cor_trump_income)
-0.7457374
> cor_harris_income <- cor(election_data$Median_Income, election_data$Harris_Share)
> print(cor_harris_income)
0.7300264
# Calculate correlations for education and vote share
> cor_trump_bachelors <- cor(election_data$BachelorsPct, election_data$Trump_Share)
> print(cor_trump_bachelors)
-0.8102865
> cor_harris_bachelors <- cor(election_data$BachelorsPct, election_data$Harris_Share)
> print(cor_harris_bachelors)
0.79985
For the 3-D model there are two ways to do it. I bolded the relevant correlations for you. The first is to do it by calculating the correlation between predicted and actual vote share. The second is to do it for the multiple regression model using the summary() function. I did both, but I'm not showing all the summary() data to save space.
> # Add predicted values to the original data
> election_data$Predicted_Trump_Share <- predict(model_trump, newdata = election_data)
> election_data$Predicted_Harris_Share <- predict(model_harris, newdata = election_data)
>
> # Calculate correlations
> cor_trump <- cor(election_data$Trump_Share, election_data$Predicted_Trump_Share)
> cor_harris <- cor(election_data$Harris_Share, election_data$Predicted_Harris_Share)
>
> # Print correlations
> cat("Correlation between actual and predicted Trump vote share:", cor_trump, "\n")
Correlation between actual and predicted Trump vote share: 0.8272238
> cat("Correlation between actual and predicted Harris vote share:", cor_harris, "\n")
Correlation between actual and predicted Harris vote share: 0.8145986
>
> # Summarize Trump vote share model
> summary(model_trump)
Call:
lm(formula = Trump_Share ~ Median_Income + BachelorsPct, data = election_data)
Multiple R-squared: 0.6843, Adjusted R-squared: 0.6711
>
> # Summarize Harris vote share model
> summary(model_harris)
Call:
lm(formula = Harris_Share ~ Median_Income + BachelorsPct, data = election_data)
Multiple R-squared: 0.6636, Adjusted R-squared: 0.6496
JohnAdams1800 (talk) 17:06, 27 December 2024 (UTC)
Thanks.
You omitted the top 1% and bottom quintile income earners. Please add information for all percentiles.
Please provide the algebraic formula, viz., x=a*A + b*B, where:
x=likelihood of voting for Trump,
a=first variable
A=income expressed as a percentile of the population
b=second variable
B=education level expressed as a percentile of the population TFD (talk) 18:43, 27 December 2024 (UTC)