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The **Moriya Muslims** are a distinct Muslim community in the Indian state of Assam, known for their historical roots, cultural assimilation, and contributions to Assamese society. They are considered indigenous Assamese Muslims with a unique identity separate from other Muslim groups in the region.

Etymology

The term "Moriya" is believed to derive from the Assamese word "mor," meaning "to die," possibly linked to the community's historical involvement in iron smelting and the production of weaponry. Another interpretation ties it to "muri" (puffed rice), indicating their close association with the agrarian lifestyle of Assam.

History

The origin of the Moriya Muslims dates back to the medieval period when Muslim settlers and invaders entered Assam. They are believed to have descended from blacksmiths, artisans, and soldiers who came to the region during the conquest led by Muslim rulers in the 13th century and later. Over time, these settlers integrated into the local Assamese society, adopting the Assamese language and customs.

The Moriya Muslims are historically associated with iron smelting and blacksmithing. They were skilled craftsmen who contributed to the local economy by producing agricultural tools and weapons. This trade played a significant role in their cultural identity and earned them a distinct place in Assamese society.

Culture and Traditions

The Moriya Muslims share many cultural similarities with the indigenous Assamese people. They primarily speak the Assamese language and observe festivals like Bihu, in addition to Islamic religious festivals such as Eid-ul-Fitr and Eid-ul-Adha.

Their cuisine, dress, and social practices reflect a blend of Assamese and Islamic traditions. The community is known for its simplicity and adherence to both Islamic teachings and Assamese cultural values.

Religion

The Moriya Muslims predominantly follow Sunni Islam. However, their religious practices incorporate elements of local Assamese culture, reflecting centuries of cultural assimilation. This syncretism is evident in their marriage rituals, funeral practices, and community gatherings.

Economic Activities

Historically, the Moriya Muslims were engaged in blacksmithing and iron smelting, producing tools and weaponry for the local population. Over time, many have diversified into agriculture, trade, and modern professions. Despite this, their historical association with craftsmanship remains a significant aspect of their identity.

Notable Contributions

The Moriya Muslims have contributed to Assam's cultural, economic, and social fabric. Their craftsmanship in blacksmithing and agriculture has supported the state's economy for centuries. Additionally, members of the community have excelled in various fields, including education, politics, and the arts.

Challenges

Like many indigenous communities in Assam, the Moriya Muslims face challenges such as socio-economic marginalization, lack of representation, and identity preservation. Efforts are being made by community leaders and organizations to address these issues and promote education and development within the community.

See Also

• Islam in Assam
• Goriya Muslims
• Pangal Muslims of Manipur

References

1. Ahmed, S. (1985). *Muslim Communities of Assam*. Guwahati: Spectrum Publications.

2. Borah, H. (2000). *Assamese Muslims: History and Culture*. Gauhati University Press.

3. Census of India. (2011). *Religion Data: Assam.*

4. Local oral histories and ethnographic studies of Assam's Muslim communities.