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Airgíalla

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Ireland in 1014 showing the patchwork of kingdoms. Clockwise from the north-east they are Ulidia, Oriel, Southern Ui Neill (Meath), Leinster, Munster, Connaught, Breifne, and Northern Ui Neill. The cities states of Dubh Linn (Dublin), Wexford, Waterford, Cork and Limerick are also shown.

Oirialla (Old Irish: Airgíalla),(English: Oriel) is the name of an Irish federation and Irish kingdom. The historical region spanned the provinces of Leinster and Ulster equating with modern day Louth, and Monaghan.


The Nine Kingdoms of Oirialla

The Oirialla composed nine, mainly unrelated, dynasties who formed a military federation in the late 7th century (650-700). They were

  1. Uí Thuirtri;
  2. Uí Meic Cairthinn;
  3. Uí Fhiachrach Arda Sratha;
  4. Uí Moccu Uais;
  5. Uí Chremthainn;
  6. Uí Meith;
  7. Ind Airthir;
  8. Mugdorna;
  9. Uí Cruinn.

The Ui Moccu Uais and their branch,the Ui Meic Cairthinn were particularly dominant.

History

In the 4th century (300-400), agressive war was initiated by the Three Collas, princely sons of Eochy Doimhlein, himself son of Cairbre Lifeachar, High King of Ireland, of the race of Eremon. The territory conquered by the three Collas comprised the present countries of Louth, Monaghan, and Armagh. Colla Uais became monarch of Ireland 327, and died in 332.


They conquered a large part of Ulster from the princes of the race of Ir (aka Clanna Rory; also Rudericians). The original legend was composed in the second quarter of the 8th century (725-750) to seal an alliance with the Uí Néill.

In 331, at the Battle of Achadh Leithdheirg, the Three Collas defeated and killed Fergus Foga, king of Ulster.

The victors burned Eamhain Mhacha (English Navan Fort), near Armagh City, capital of the Ulaid which had stood for six centuries, and had been long celebrated by the Irish bards. The sovereignty of Ulster thus passed from the race of Ir to the race of Heremon.

See Also

Etymology

The Old Irish Airgíalla was believed to be derived from orgialla (hostage of gold) but recent research suggests Airgíallne (additional clientship).

References

  1. (cf. Airgialla, Uriel, Orial, Orgialla, Orgiall, Oryallia, Ergallia, srl.)
  2. Ulster Irish to English Dictionary

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