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Revision as of 22:22, 10 May 2007 by 72.19.47.247 (talk) (→Types of gangrene)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff) Medical condition| Gangrene | |
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Gangrene is necrosis and subsequent decay of body tissues caused by infection or thrombosis or lack of blood flow. It is usually the result of critically insufficient blood supply sometimes caused by injury and subsequent contamination with bacteria. This condition is most common in the extremities. The best of all possible treatments is revascularization (restoration of blood flow) of the affected organ, which can reverse some of the effects of necrosis and allow healing. Depending on the extent of tissue loss and location, treatment other than revascularization runs the gamut from allowing digits to auto-amputate (fall off), debridement and local care, to amputation, the removal of infected necrotic tissues.
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Types of gangrene
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Specific gangrenes
- Noma is a gangrene of the face.
- Necrotizing fasciitis is attacking the deeper layers of the skin.
- Fournier gangrene usually affects the male genitals.
Treatment
Treatment is usually surgical debridement and excision with amputation necessary in many cases. Antibiotics alone are not effective because they do not penetrate ischemic muscles sufficiently. However, penicillin is given as an adjuvant treatment to surgery. In addition to surgery and antibiotics, Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is used and acts to inhibit the growth of and kill the anaerobic C. perfringens.
Etymology
It comes from the Latin word "gangraena" and from the Greek gagraina(γάγγραινα), which means "putrefaction of tissues".