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v t e Sri Lankan civil war (1983–2009)
Origins	Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism Sinhala Only Act 1956 1958 Vaddukoddai Resolution 1977 1981 Burning of Jaffna Library Black July
Combatants	Sri Lanka Army (LRRP) Navy Air Force Police Special Task Force Home Guards Attacks on civilians Assassinations LTTE Divisions Air Tigers Sea Tigers Black Tigers Attacks in the 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Assassinations Suicide bombings Other militants (list) ENDLF ENLF EPRLF EROS PLOTE TELO  India Indian Peace Keeping Force Paramilitary groups EPDP TMVP
Phases	Eelam War I Indian intervention Eelam War II III IV Eastern / Northern theatres
Major battles	Kokkilai Vadamarachchi Poomalai Pawan Jaffna University Helidrop Balavegaya 1st Elephant Pass Pooneryn Riviresa 1st Mullaitivu Weli Oya Sath Jaya Vavunathivu Jayasikurui Thandikulam–Omanthai 1st Kilinochchi Oddusuddan A-9 highway 2nd Elephant Pass Bandaranaike Airport attack Point Pedro Jaffna Thoppigala Vidattaltivu 2nd Kilinochchi 2nd Mullaitivu Puthukkudiyirippu
Major events	Air Lanka Flight 512 Indo-Sri Lanka Accord Expulsions from Northern province Assassination of Lalith Athulathmudali Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi Assassination of Ranasinghe Premadasa Temple of the Tooth attack Lionair Flight 602 Bandaranaike Airport attack Expulsions from Colombo 2009 suicide air raid on Colombo
Leaders	Sri Lanka Military Army Tissa Weeratunga Nalin Seneviratne Hamilton Wanasinghe Cecil Waidyaratne G. H. De Silva Rohan Daluwatte Srilal Weerasooriya L. P. Balagalle Shantha Kottegoda Sarath Fonseka Navy Asoka de Silva H. A. Silva Clancy Fernando D. A. M. R. Samarasekara H. C. A. C. Thisera Daya Sandagiri Wasantha Karannagoda Air Force Dick Perera Andibuduge Fernando Makalandage Gunawardena Oliver Ranasinghe Jayalath Weerakkody Donald Perera Roshan Goonetileke Civilian J. R. Jayewardene Ranasinghe Premadasa Dingiri Banda Wijetunga Chandrika Kumaratunga Mahinda Rajapaksa LTTE Militant Velupillai Prabhakaran Pottu Amman Soosai Karuna Amman Political Selvarasa Pathmanathan Anton Balasingham S. P. Thamilselvan India Military Harkirat Singh Ashok K. Mehta Kulwant Singh Depinder Singh Dalvir Singh Krishnaswamy Sundarji Civilian R. Venkataraman Rajiv Gandhi V. P. Singh Jyotindra Nath Dixit J. Jayalalithaa M. Karunanidhi Vaiko
Aftermath	Genocide Films NPC resolution LLRC Reactions (Protests) Remembrance Day UN Panel on Accountability War crimes Chemical weapons
Related topics	Casualties Assassinations Massacres Child soldiers Disappearances Office on Missing Persons Human rights Popular culture Terrorism Non-state State PTA Sexual violence Sixth Amendment Thirteenth Amendment 1988 Maldives coup attempt 1987–1989 JVP insurrection
Sri Lankan civil war at Wiktionary    Source texts at Wikisource    Textbooks at Wikibooks   Images and media at the Commons    Quotations at Wikiquote    News stories at Wikinews

Velupillai Prabhakaran (Tamil: வேலுப்பிள்ளை பிரபாகரன்; born November 26, 1954), sometimes referred to as Pirabaharan or Thambi, was born in the northern coastal town of Velvettithurai, Sri Lanka to Thiruvenkadam Velupillai and Vallipuram Parvathy. At the age of 21, he founded the organisation now known as the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), and is currently its leader.

The LTTE is a militant organization fighting for Tamil self-rule in North-East Sri Lanka, and claims to represent the Tamil people against state-sponsored terrorism in Sri Lanka. The LTTE is proscribed as a terrorist organisation in 32 countries including in the United States, the member nations of the European Union and India. Prabhakaran also claims to be the head of the state of Tamil Eelam (which is not recognized by any international country) and most of which is under the territorial and administrative control of the Sri Lankan government.

He is currently wanted by Interpol for terrorism, murder, organized crime and terrorism conspiracy. Although during an interview he stated that the LTTE are not yet ready to give up the demand for an independent state, he has suggested that this may be a possibility once the "Tamil homeland, Tamil nationality and Tamil right to self-determination" are politically recognised and accepted.

Personality cult

Velupillai Prabhakaran has been accused of building the LTTE around a personality cult. He is called "the great leader" and his picture is hung everywhere in rebel held areas. He has banned other religions, as well as alcohol and smoking. He claimed to be the sole representatives of Tamil people, and has steeped the entire culture into one of self-sacrifice and martyrdom.

Those who wish to join the LTTE Black Tiger suicide squad have to write Prabhakaran a letter of application. Before they carry out their suicide missions they are granted a personal meal with him.

See also

• Anton Balasingham
• Thileepan

Notes

•  Political situation: Sri Lanka’s nation-building program became intimately linked with a Sinhalisation of the state directive. One form of extremism and violence led to the other and by 1970's there were some minority radical Tamil youth who were legitimizing terrorist attacks against the state as a response to alleged state violence.
  
•  Sri Lankan Tamil Nationalism: Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism is expressed in the political desire by some to form an independent nation state called Tamil Eelam for the minority Sri Lankan Tamil people. Both moderate TULF and TNA and militant groups such as LTTE, EPRLF, PLOTE, EPDP etc have expressed such political goals either in the past or now.
  

References

1. ^ Cite error: The named reference at-health was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
2. http://sundaytimes.lk/961027/news4.html
3. "Council on Foreign Relations".
4. "South Asia Terrorism Portal".
5. "MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base".
6. "SL Army Troops gain complete control over the A-5 Main Road". Ministry of Defence. 2007-04-12. Retrieved 2007-04-22. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
7. "Wanted: VELUPILLAI, Prabhakaran". Interpol. 2006-10-04. Retrieved 2006-10-06. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
8. ^ "Discipline, death and martyrdom". 2006-06-09. Retrieved 2006-10-20. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
9. "The Failure of State Formation, Identity Conflict and Civil Society Responses - The Case of Sri Lanka" (PDF). Brad.edu. 1999. Retrieved 2006-04-16. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
10. "How it Came to This – Learning from Sri Lanka's Civil Wars By Professor John Richardson" (PDF). paradisepoisoned.com. Retrieved 2006-03-30.
11. Sri Lankan Tamil Nationalism: Its Origins and Development in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, By Professor A. Jeyaratnam Wilson Publisher: University of British Columbia Press (March 2000) (ISBN 1-850-65338-0)

Further reading

• M.R.Narayan Swamy. (2003). Inside an Elusive Mind - Prabhakaran. USA: Literate World, Inc.
• Prabhakaran - A Leader for All Seasons - Glimpses of the Man behind the Leader"
• Rajan Hoole. (2001) 'The Arrogance of power ', UTHR(J), Colombo.

External links

Reports

• United States Pacific Command assessment of Prabhakaran
• Interpol Wanted Notice
• Prabhakaran's health report
• BBC Profile - The enigma of Prabhakaran

Articles

• Is there a future for Prabhakaran?
• Pirapaharan by T. Sabaratnam
• The Pirabakaran Phenomenon by Sachi Sri Kantha
• BBC News Report - Reclusive Tamil rebel leader faces public (2002)
• Tigers of Lanka: from Boys to Guerrillas - Biography of Velupillai Pirabaharan

Interviews & speeches

• Prabaharan's Heroes Day Speaches since 1992 - 2006
• A short assorted list of his interviews
• Killinochi Press conference - complete transcript
• BBC interview with V.Pirapaharan (27.04.95)
• BBC interview with V.Pirapaharan (13.09.94)
• The First Interview - Anita Pratap
• Prabakaran in First Person - T.S. Subramanian - April 2002 - Press Meet

Websites

• Official website of LTTE
• "Veluppillai Prabhakaran" - www.eelamweb.com

• Sri Lankan terrorists
• Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
• Tamil Eelam
• Sri Lankan people
• 1954 births
• Living people