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Name: This article covers the figure in the theology of the Nation of Islam. The name, also spelled Yaqub or Yakob, also applies to the the Islamic view of the Biblical Jacob. See Yaqub and Jacob for information on the latter.

According to the Nation of Islam (NOI), Yakub (also spelled Yacub), was an evil scientist responsible for creating the white race — a "race of devils", in their view. Yakub created white people by a process of "grafting" from the original black population of the world. It took six hundred years for Yakob to fully whiten his creations. This was achieved under a despotic regime on the island of Patmos. The reasons for Yakub's actions are unclear. His progeny are destined to rule for six thousand years before the original black peoples of the world regain dominance, a process that began in 1914.

The doctrine of Yakub was first proclaimed by Wallace Fard Muhammad and was later developed by his successor Elijah Muhammad.

The name Yakub is a variant of the Semitic name referred to in European language versions of the Bible as Jacob or in modern Jewish communities as "Ya`akov". Fard Muhammad appears to have adapted the Biblical Jacob's role as the father of the tribes of Israel to reposition him as the originator of white peoples as a whole (including Jews). The idea that Jacob/Yakub was the founder of a deviant, corrupt people is probably adapted from late nineteenth and early twentieth century anti-Semitism, in which the concept of racial degeneration was commonplace. The notion that the Jews were an 'artificial' people arising from corrupt racial mixing is found in the works of Alfred Rosenberg and other racialists. Yakub's "grafting" activities seem to refer to the ideas of eugenicists, popular among white supremacists at the time. Though the NOI has had a history of anti-Semitism, the figure of Yakub generalizes racial antipathy to all white people, of whom Jews now form a sub-group.

In recent times, the so-called "doctrine of Yakub" has been rationalised within the NOI as an allegory for the evolution of whites from the original black-skinned human populations of Africa, and as a parable warning of the dangers of eugenics. Yacub's six hundred year experiment is seen as colorful storytelling, little different from the Bible's account of God creating Eve from Adam's rib, or the creation of heaven and earth in six days. In his autobiography (ghostwritten by Alex Haley), El-Hajj Malik Shabazz (Malcolm X) notes that, in his travels in the Middle East, many Muslims reacted with shock upon their discovery of the doctrine of Yakub.