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The Line of Control (LOC) (also known as the Line of Actual Control) is a line which demarcates the artificial boundary between the territories controlled by two militaries or political entities.
Names
Specifically, the term "LOC" refers to the military control line between India and Pakistan, in the province of Kashmir. Originally known as the "Ceasefire Line", it was redesignated the "Line of Control" after the Simla Agreement, which was formalized in December 1971. The Indians refer to their portion of the territory as Jammu and Kashmir. The Pakistan refer to their portion of the territory as Azad (Free) Kashmir.
The cease-fire line between the Republic of India and the People's Republic of China in the Aksai Chin is known as the "Line of Actual Control" (LAC). There have been proposals in the Indian press to regularize the LOC as the international boundary between India and Pakistan; this, however, is against official Indian government policy. Pakistan also desires sovereignty over the entire area.
Wars
The LOC has seen various Indo-Pakistani Wars; the latest one being in 1999 when both India and Pakistan fought in the Kargil War. Pakistan covertly pushed in terrorists and masqueraded Pakistan army men. This was done in winter when the forward posts on both sides are abandoned due to bad weather. India came to know about this mischief when the local villagers informed the Indian Army. This was an intelligence lapse on Indian side. Initially Indian Army was at receiving end with heavy firing from hill top bunkers occupied by Pakistani Army and Jihadi terrorists. With great determination, India won the war inflicting heavy losses to the Jihadi terrorist organizations backed by the ISI, Pakistan army. The war ended when the Pakistan army forced by the government which succumbed to international pressure stopped the support of the Jihadi terrorist organizations. The resistance continued for over a month but eventually India gained it's territory back by the end of the fighting. Kargil War exposed the double game of Pakistan. The failure in Kargil war resulted in a bloodless coup in Pakistan, with Pakistan Army under General Musharraf capturing power, toppling the fragile democracy.
Sources
See also
- Wagah border crossing between India and Pakistan
- Indian Kashmir barrier
- Timeline of the Kashmir conflict
- Kashmiriyat - a socio-cultural ethos of religious harmony and Kashmiri consciousness.
- Instrument of Accession (Jammu and Kashmir) to the Country / Dominion of India
- Karan Singh, son of Maharaja Hari Singh
- Maharaja Hari Singh (1895–1961), was the last ruling Maharaja / Emperor / King of all Lands and Territories of the princely state / Kingdom of Jammu and Kashmir in India. He was the Father of Dr. Karan Singh.
- LOC Kargil, a 2003 Bollywood war film based on "Kargil War" or the "Indo-Pakistani War of 1999", directed by J.P.Dutta
- Azad Kashmir an area of Kashmir administered by Pakistan
- Trans-Karakoram Tract an area of Kashmir administered by China
- Aksai Chin an area of Kashmir administered by China
- Shaikh Abdullah, Politician
- Baltistan
- Northern Areas
- Pamir Mountains
- Wakhan
- Gilgit Agency
- List of topics on the land and the people of “Jammu and Kashmir”
External links
- Conflict in Kashmir: Selected Internet Resources by the Library, University of California, Berkeley, USA; University of California, Berkeley Library Bibliographies and Web-Bibliographies list