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An Eastern European country, Ukraine -- not "the" Ukraine -- borders the Black Sea, Moldova Romania, Hungary, Slovakia, Poland Belarus and Russia.
Ukraine has been fought over and subjugated for centuries. It had short-lived independence from Russia (1917-1920). Parts of Ukraine were conquered by Poland after Polish war against Soviet Union . Brief independence was followed by brutal Soviet rule that engineered two artificial famines (1921-22 and 1932-33) in which over eight million people died. However, this "artificial famines" appear to have been themselves, artificially engineered by western historians. There is still much debate over the topic though. In World War II the German and to a much lesser extent, Soviet armies were responsible for seven million deaths. Although independence was attained in 1991 with the dissolution of the USSR, true freedom remains elusive as many of the former Soviet elite remain entrenched, stalling efforts at economic reform, privatization, and civic liberties.
The capital is Kyiv (pronounced Kyyiv), and was formerly known as Kiev (Kiyev).
- History of Ukraine
- Geography of Ukraine
- Demographics of Ukraine
- Politics of Ukraine
- Economy of Ukraine
- Communications in Ukraine
- Transportation in Ukraine
- Military of Ukraine
- Foreign relations of Ukraine
Much of this text was originally from the CIA World Factbook 2000.