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Line of Control

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34°56′N 76°46′E / 34.933°N 76.767°E / 34.933; 76.767

The areas shown in green are the two Pakistani-controlled areas--the Federally Administered Northern Areas (FANA) in the north and Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) in the south. The area shown in orange is the Indian-controlled state of Jammu and Kashmir, and the diagonally-hatched area to the east is the Chinese-controlled area known as Aksai Chin.

Names

Specifically, the term "Line of Control" (LOC) refers to the military control line between the Indian- and Pakistani-controlled parts of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir--a line which, still to this day, does not constitute a legally recognized international boundary. Originally known as the "Cease-fire Line", it was redesignated as the "Line of Control" following the Simla Agreement, which was signed in December 1971. The part of the former princely state that is under Indian control is known as the State of Jammu and Kashmir. The two parts of the former princely state that are under Pakistani control are known as the Federally Administered Northern Areas (FANA) and Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK).

Another cease-fire line, one that separates the Indian-controlled state of Jammu and Kashmir from the Chinese-controlled area known as Aksai Chin, lies futher to the east and is known as the Line of Actual Control (LAC).


Wars

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The LOC has seen various Indo-Pakistani Wars; the latest one being in 1999 when both India and Pakistan fought in the Kargil War. Pakistan covertly pushed in terrorists and masqueraded Pakistan army men. This was done in winter when the forward posts on both sides are abandoned due to bad weather. India came to know about this mischief when the local villagers informed the Indian Army. This was an intelligence lapse on Indian side. Initially Indian Army was at receiving end with heavy firing from hill top bunkers occupied by Pakistani Army and Jihadi terrorists. With great determination, India won the war inflicting heavy losses to the Jihadi terrorist organizations backed by the ISI, Pakistan army. The war ended when the Pakistan army forced by the government which succumbed to international pressure stopped the support of the Jihadi terrorist organizations. The resistance continued for over a month but eventually India gained it's territory back by the end of the fighting. Kargil War exposed the double game of Pakistan. The failure in Kargil war resulted in a bloodless coup in Pakistan, with Pakistan Army under General Musharraf capturing power, toppling the fragile democracy.

See also

File:Kashmir-Accession-Document-a.jpg
Page 1, The Treaty of Accession (Jammu and Kashmir) to the Union of India signed on 26 October 1947, and accepted the following day which shows Maharaja Hari Singh's accession of the state of Jammu and Kashmir to India
File:Kashmir-Accession-Document-b.jpg
Page 2, Instrument of Accession (Jammu and Kashmir), with signatures of Maharaja Hari Singh of Jammu and Kashmir, and Viscount Mountbatten of Burma, Governor-General of India.

External links

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