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For other uses, see the Antenna disambiguation page.

Antennae (singular antenna) are the paired appendages connecting to the first (and in crustaceans also to the second) segment of the head of the members of all subphyla of the arthropods except Chelicerata. The members of the order protura lack them.

Antennae are jointed, and in crustaceans branching, they generally extend forward of the head and are known to be sensory organs, although the exact nature of what they sense and how they sense it is often not entirely clear. It appears that their function can include sensing of any or all of touch, air motion, heat, vibration (sound), and olfaction (smell or taste).

In insects, olfactory receptors on the antennae express bind to odor molecules and pheromones. The neurons that express these receptors signal this binding by sending action potentials down their axons to the antenna lobe in the brain. From there, neurons in the antenna lobe connect to mushroom bodies that identify the odor.

The three basic segments of insect antennae are the scape (the base), the pedicel (the stem), and the flagellum. The remaining portion with subsegments known as flagellomeres.

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