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Template:Rescue The Okie Dialect is found mostly in rural Oklahoma, a subdialect of American English of the English language.

It is a byproduct of historic migration of settlers to the state from the Southeastern United States such as Arkansas, Tennessee and Texas with its "country-western" sound in the late 19th century.

There's a known Native American influence in the dialect by the state's over 50 federally recognized tribal groups, some of them maintained or revived its own native languages to this day.

Variants found in the Tulsa area reflect the influences of Northeastern (i.e. New York, New England and Ohio) oilmen, while those in the northwestern part of the state have some more Midwestern (i.e. Kansas, Missouri and Illinois) loanwords and pronunciations.

In Oklahoma City, the arrival of families whose grandparents left in the dust bowl, are "returning" Okies from the West Coast (California) introduced some California English words and phrases in the dialect.

Twang

The Okie Accent is largely characterized by a twang which is the pronunciation of a word with elongated vowels and adding of extra syllables to increase the length of the sound of the words which serve to create a drawl. i.e., the word "get" would be stretched out in a complex but subtle pronunciation of "gee-ut-ah", someone unfamiliar with the dialect or not listening closely would hear simply "git".

Lexicon

Some words used in rural Oklahoma but not in many other American English dialects (or with different meanings) are:

• tump or tip over a container to empty the contents, (tah-uum-pah)
• wallered-out or , increase of a circumference (wah'-lurd-ah a-yo-tah)
• pertneer or , almost, (purt-neer)
• dasent or , dare not

Well-known people with an Okie accent, all born in Oklahoma

• Woody Guthrie, Folk musician
• Reba McEntire, Country/rock music singer
• Leon Russell
• Carrie Underwood
• Will Rogers, world-famous stage cowboy/comedian
• Oral Roberts, Televangelist/minister

Recordings of the Okie accent

• Characters: Will Parker, Ado Annie, in the Movie Oklahoma
• Songs: Okie from Muskogee by Merle Haggard, a country single in the 1960s.

References

• Okie Dictionary, ISBN 0965387410, Authors: Stoney Hardcastle. Publisher: Indian Nations Pub, 1995
• Dialect Survey Results: OKLAHOMA
• Okie Dictionary
• Oklahoma Historical Society: Speech Patterns
• Wall Street Survivor: Guide to Understanding "OKIE" dialect

External links

• International Dialects of English Archive: Dialects Of Oklahoma
• Dialect Survey Results: OKLAHOMA
• The Spatial Diffusion of Linguistic Features in Oklahoma (PDF)
• [http://www.sociolinguistics.uottawa.ca/nwav38/abstracts/Preston%282009%29Perception_of_Oklahoma.pdf The Perception of Oklahoma Speech (PDF)

• American English
• Oklahoma culture