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Achziv is an archaeological site on the northern coast of Israel, 15 kilometers north of Acre. Achziv is mentioned in the Bible as a biblical city given to the tribe of Asher. The Arab village of Az-Zeeb was established on the site during the Mamluk period. Today it is a national park.
History
In the Bible, Achziv was a town in the Shephelah, or plain country of Judah (Josh. 15:44); probably the same as Chezibh of Gen. 38:5 = Ain Kezbeh. It may have been a Phoenician city (the Gr. Ecdippa), though assigned to the tribe of Asher (Josh. 19:29; Judg. 1:31) "And the fifth lot came out for the tribe of the children of Asher ... and the outgoings thereof are at the sea from the coast to Achzibh".Achziv (Cheziv) is featured in Ancient Jewish Rabbinic writings, witness Midrash Vayikra Rabba 37:4. The remnants of Achzibh, now known as Tel Achziv is located on a sandstone mound between two creeks, Kziv creek on the north and Shaal Creek on the south, and close to the border with Lebanon. King David added the city into his Kingdom, but King Solomon returned it to Hiram as part of the famous pact. During Sancheriv invasions, the Assyrians conquered the city. During the reign of the Seleucids, the border was established at Rosh HaNikra, just north to Achziv, making it a border city, and under the control of Acco. During the Crusader period, a fortress called "Casal Humberti", named after a knight commander of the fort, was built. The village of Az-Zeeb was established here during the Mamluk and Ottoman periods, the houses erected using the stones of the Crusader castle. The villagers were expelled to Lebanon during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. In 1946, the United Resistance blew up the railroad bridge over the creek at Achziv. In memory of the 14 soldiers who died during operation Markolet (Night of the Bridges), a monument was erected.
Archaeology
An ancient port was located on the coast, and another secondary port is located 700 m to the south. Archeological excavations have revealed that a walled city existed at the location from the Middle Bronze period. History of Achziv goes back to the Chalcolithic period (45-32C BC).
References
External links
- Achziv Achziv, by the Institute of Archaeology of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, excavated under the direction of Dr. Eilat Mazar.
- Achziv archeological exhibit at the Hecht Museum Artifacts from the Cemetery at Achziv
33°03′N 35°06′E / 33.050°N 35.100°E / 33.050; 35.100
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