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Survivor syndrome (KZ syndrome) - a phrase which has long been used to describe the set of shared reactions and behaviors of people who have survived an adverse event, especially the Holocaust in Nazi Germany. Many survivors of the death camps have developed Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

People with Survivor syndrome may also have been victims, played a part in, or feel emotionally tied, to a catastrophic event such as a war, a genocide, or a natural disaster. Someone who witnessed and survived such an event (e.g., the Holocaust) might have Survivor syndrome. They might feel guilty that they survived the event and others - such as family, friends, and colleagues - did not. In Kurt Vonnegut's novel "Bluebeard," the protagonist Rabo Karabekian's father had Survivor syndrome from witnessing the Armenian genocide. Ironically, he only witnessed a small part of the event; simply hiding in a deserted village was traumatic enough. His wife actually witnessed the killings, and pretended to be dead while hiding under corpses, yet she did not develop Survivor syndrome. In the book, the character Circe Berman talks about Survivor syndrome, saying that it has a hereditary nature.

• The term is also sometimes used to describe the impact on the emotions and behaviours of employees who remain in organizations where large-scale Reductions In Force have recently occurred.

Symptoms include:

• lower motivation and morale
• reduced loyalty to the organization
• lower trust and increased scepticism
• feelings of guilt
• flash backs

After effects include:

• lower productivity levels
• increased absences
• higher labor turnover

• Popular psychology