This is an old revision of this page, as edited by AnomieBOT (talk | contribs) at 00:24, 14 October 2010 (Rescuing orphaned refs ("libr" from Ministry of Finance (Soviet Union))). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.
Revision as of 00:24, 14 October 2010 by AnomieBOT (talk | contribs) (Rescuing orphaned refs ("libr" from Ministry of Finance (Soviet Union)))(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)The People's Commissariat for Finance (Template:Lang-ru – Narodnyi komissariat finansov, or shortly Narkomfin) was formed in 1917 following the Bolshevik seizure of power.
The 1918 Constitution was adopted on July 10, 1918, formalising Narkomfin as handling the finances of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. Following the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR, signed on 6 July 1923 the People's Commissariat for Finance of the RSFSR became that of the USSR.
History
The People's Commissariat for Finance of the RSFSR (Narkomfin) was established by a decree of the II convocation of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets on 8 November [O.S. 26 October] 1917 and was a part of Sovnarkom. Ivan Skvortsov-Stepanov was the first Commissar, appointed in 1917. However, following the introduction of the New Economic Policy, Narkomfin was made responsible for Gosbank, the State Bank of the RSFSR and, then, the Soviet Union. On 26 November 1921, Lenin issued a note calling for the appointment of Grigory Sokolnikov, who took control of the organisation in 1922, although his formal position was not ratified until November 1922 In 1946 the Council of People's Commissars was renamed Council of Ministers of the USSR, hence, the People's Commissariat for Finance was renamed Ministry of Finance of the USSR.
The commissariat took over the responsibilities of Imperial Russia's Ministry of Finance. During its early days, the main task of the People's Commissariat of Finance were: confiscation of property, robbery and requisition; printing and creating money; and taxation.
In the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), and later the USSR, confiscating property or the forcible taking of resources was the primary means of which the government supported their own operations. After the inflation of the 1920s, printing of money nearly ceased, and confiscation of goods became harder; after years of confiscating there was simply not enough property left to fund government operations anymore. Therefor, the primary means of which to yield revenue became taxation.
In the 1928 the OSA group on the orders of the Soviet government, started a building project which would house employees of the People's Commissariat for Finance, it was therefor known under the name Narkomfin building. The building was designed by Moisei Ginzburg and Ignati Milinis, the building has posthumously become a well-known example of Soviet constructivist architecture. The building was constructed to give a collective feel to its inhabitants. When the building was finished in 1932, it was denounced as a remnant of "leftist utopianism" by Joseph Stalin's regime. Unlike many other Soviet constructivist buildings, there is an ongoing campaign to save it.
Commissars and ministers
The following persons headed the Commissariat/Ministry as commissars (narkoms), ministers, and deputy ministers of the Soviet time:
| Name | Took office | Left office | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| People's Commissar for Finance of the RSFSR (Narkom) | |||
| Ivan Skvortsov-Stepanov | 27 October 1917 | 30 October 1917 | 3 days |
| Vyacheslav Menzhinsky | 30 October 1917 | 21 March 1918 | 142 days |
| Isidore Gukovsky | 21 March 1918 | 16 August 1918 | 148 days |
| Nikolay Krestinsky | 16 August 1918 | 22 November 1922 | 4 years, 98 days |
| Grigory Sokolnikov | 22 November 1922 | 6 July 1923 | 226 days |
| People's Commissar for Finance of the USSR | |||
| Grigory Sokolnikov | 6 July 1923 | 16 January 1926 | 2 years, 194 days |
| Nikolai Bryukhanov | 16 January 1926 | 18 October 1930 | 4 years, 275 days |
| Hryhoriy Hrynko | 18 October 1930 | 16 August 1937 | 6 years, 302 days |
| Vlas Chubar | 16 August 1937 | 19 January 1938 | 156 days |
| Arseny Zverev (1st) | 19 January 1938 | 15 March 1946 | 8 years, 55 days |
References
- Kopp, Anatole (1985). Constructivist architecture in the USSR. University of Michigan: Academy Edition. p. 71.
- "The State Bank of the USSR". Central Bank of the Russian Federation. Retrieved 26 July 2008.
- Between right and left: Grigorii Yakovlevich Sokolnikov and the development of the Soviet state, 1921-1929 accessed 26 July 2008
- Huskeu 1992, p. 146 harvnb error: no target: LCitSU1992 (help)
- Law, David A. (1975). Russian civilization. Ardent Media. p. 185. ISBN 0842205292.
- Huskeu 1992, p. 130 harvnb error: no target: LCitSU1992 (help)
- ^ Huskeu 1992, p. 131 harvnb error: no target: LCitSU1992 (help)
- Hatherley, Owen (2009). Militant Modernism. O Books. pp. 54–5. ISBN 1846941768.
- Ivkin, V.I., ed. (1999). Государственная власть СССР. Высшие органы власти и управления и их руководители. 1923—1991 гг. Историко-биографический справочник (in Russian). Moscow: Russian Political Encyclopedia (ROSSPEN). p. 639. ISBN 5-8243-0014-3. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - "Руководители главного банка страны с 1860 г. до наших дней (окончание)". Articles (in Russian). Notaphily Club. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
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