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Marie Angélique de Scorailles de Roussille, duchesse de Fontanges (1661–1681) was one of the many paramours of Louis XIV, King of France. A lady-in-waiting to his sister-in-law the Princess Palatine, she caught the attention of the Sun King and became his lover in 1679.
Mistress to a king, untimely death
Marie-Angelique de Fontanges born in Auvergne in July 1661. Having noticed her great beauty, a cousin is responsible for bringing to the court of Louis XIV in 1678 as maid of honor of the Duchess of Orleans, sister of the king. Louis XIV is then torn between the Marquise de Montespan and Madame de Maintenon. Athenais de Montespan sees Marie-Angelique way to reclaim her royal lover seduced by the beauty of the damsel, the King will abandon the Marquise de Maintenon. Knowing that despite his physical charm, Angelique is "stupid as a basket", Athénais is sure that Louis will return to her. The thing is done quickly. A few weeks after the presentation of the young, the king made it his new favorite and keeps the entertainment in his honor. He shows his great affection for Angélique by wearing ribbons often matched those of the young girl. Soon, it appears that she is pregnant, causing the wrath of Athena, who did not think the king so enamored of his young conquest. She will then say to the Marquise de Maintenon "the king has three pillars: me name, this girl does and you heart." Marie-Angelique soon created the famous fashion to Fontanges: during a ride in the forest of Fontainebleau, his hair clinging to a branch and she appears before the king disheveled, his mat defeat, Louis found that charming. The next day, all the courtesans were adopting this hairstyle but the Marquise de Montespan, who found it "bad taste". In December 1679, Angelique gave birth prematurely to a son died at birth and did not returned. It was said then "wounded in the service." In 1680, the favor of Marie-Angelique declines when the king's title Duchess of Fontanges. Still sick (suffering from numerous blood loss) since the birth, she retires to the Abbey of Chelles reappear before the court. When the Duchess is this Abbey of Chelles, her doctor prescribed mineral water which is made the same evening at six vials. Marie-Angelique eatetk fortunately not for tomorrow, we see that the bottles are filled with poison. We do not know who was the author of this attempted poisoning. But in 1681, she suffered high fever and had to go to the abbey of Port Royal. According to some sources, Angelique Fontanges have given birth prematurely to a stillborn girl in March. The poor girl did not long survive her retirement. One day the cour learned that Fontanges going to die and she did ask the king. Louis XIV surrendered to the wishes of the patient, Madame de Maintenon was pushed, she thought that death would make a great impression on the king and you could benefit by. This passion was to be extraordinary in everything, he seemed touched by the suffering of the poor girl wept. "I thank your majesty," murmured Fontanges, I'm happy because in my death bed I saw my king cry." The Duchess died in the night of 27 to 28 June 1681.
Marie-Angelique de Fontanges died in full Affaire des Poisons (Case of Poisons), and poisoning is evoked to explain the early death of the young duchess. During the interrogation of witches and wizards, some of them mention the name of Miss Fontanges, referring to a plot to poison the young woman. Thus, Marie-Marguerite Monvoisin, daughter of the sorceress La Voisin, accused accomplices of his late mother, having planned the poisoning of the Duchess of Fontanges. A man named Romani and Bertrand are some arrested in 1680. The first is accused of trying to sell poisonous stuffs Miss Fontanges. Second, of attempting to deliver to the young woman impregnated gloves with poison. Defendants pronounce the name of Miss Carnation, lady's maid to the Marquise de Montespan. However, be aware that prisoners were able to communicate them in prison and at first seen, they agreed to say the more often the names of Madame de Montespan and Miss Fontanges hoping to not having to undergo the ordeal of torture. Their testimonies can be fabricated. It also appears that Frances Filastre, poisoner and abortionist, sought to enter the service of Marie-Angelique de Fontanges. When asked, the Filastre denies attempt on the life of the young Duchess: all she wanted was to enter as a domestic service to provide for his family. Under torture, she admits, however, have acted on behalf of Madame de Montespan: Marquise wished the death of his young rival and regain the love of the king. And yet, before being executed, the poisoner returns to his statements: "All I said is false. I did that for me free of pain and torment of pain and fear that I rappliquât question. I say all this because I do not want to kill the guilty conscience of a lie." Clearly, the Marquise de Montespan has never sought to poison Miss Fontanges. Moreover, all attempts failed poisoning. If Madame de Montespan had been involved in these conspiracies, it would have been easy to penetrate the poisoners in the yard. In 1680, it is clear that although Marie-Angelique escaped an attempted poisoning: when she is sick at the Abbey of Chelles, her doctor prescribed mineral water which is made the same evening at six vials. Marie-Angelique eatetk fortunately not for tomorrow, we see that the bottles are filled with poison. We do not know who was the author of this attempted poisoning.
When he learned the death of the Duchess, Louis XIV asked that there be no autopsy. This request of the monarch did amplify the doubts of poisoning. At the request of the family of the deceased, the autopsy still occur. Without really means medical doctors diagnose TB with "rot total lung lobes rights" and "water in the membrane surrounding the heart which results in increasing the volume of the liver, that the called fatty liver. " Thus, we are given is the cause of death of the duchess but do not in any way connected with the blood loss which she suffered for months from 1680. And for good reason, although doctors try to see clearly at the time, they were quickly discouraged. They had in mind to explain these losses simply by a missed abortion. So the doctors thought that the young mistress of Louis XIV was guilty of the crime of infanticide and abortion have. This makes no sense because all the king's mistresses (and Marie-Angelique was no exception) wanted more than anything to give children the King to consolidate their place at court. It was not until the late twentieth century for a medical specialist, Professor of Gynecology Yves Malinas shall conduct a study of the autopsy. According to him, Marie-Angelique de Fontanges died of cancer of the fetal membrane. After childbirth, a piece of placenta remained in the body of the Duchess and would have caused the loss of blood. However, the Duchess of Fontanges birth to a son in late December 1679. Although it shows signs of weakness due to her confinement, she did not have the least glorious day of the year 1680. At that time, his losses have not yet begun. These signs of weakness, therefore only prove that the Duchess resents pregnancies, in contrast to the Marquise de Montespan. Blood loss to begin mid-1680. Madame de Caylus wrote about Miss Fontanges "this girl was killed for trying to Fontainebleau from 13 May (1680), the same day that though the king was in labor and give birth. It was from still languishing. " According to Ernest Lavisse and Bernard Christmas "Two miscarriages caused him to lose favor with the king." Can we really speak of miscarriage for the first pregnancy in 1679, as Marie-Angelique is good to a son (born prematurely and who does not live) in December? Although the child of Marie-Angelique de Fontanges, born prematurely, died a natural death, Princess Palatine, who does not like Madame de Montespan, wrote that he was probably poisoned by the Marquise! Yves Malinas, these losses of blood flow of a second miscarriage (or confinement) which, logically, takes place in 1680 when the bleeding starts. This may challenge some sources speaking of a child (usually a girl) stillborn in March 1681 because at that time, their losses, which last for months, the Duchess of Fontanges can hardly be re- pregnant especially if a piece of placenta is still in it.
Legend has it that in 1695, the ghost of Marie-Angelique appears to the king when he comes to bed. The Duchess then asked him to dispose of the Marquise de Maintenon would have recalled that when she was still alive, he had vowed repeatedly that she was the woman he loved best and today she was very sorry to see that he had forgotten so quickly in the arms of another. The Duchess told him that the return of Madame de Maintenon was the only solution to ease his future punishment in purgatory for this was that it was and that the king would be after death. She also reportedly told Louis XIV that his years of rule were numbered and that soon he would join her, she was waiting. She finally confessed that it was Madame de Montespan, who had been poisoned and begged Louis to abandon for good Madame de Maintenon and look only to God. It is true that the Marquise de Montespan was accused of the death of the Duchess of Fontanges: it would have killed Maria Angelica by administering a poison to be delayed, which would explain the sudden flow of blood began in 1680. For eleven months, Athenais de Montespan would slowly passing away and her rival. Before dying, the Duchess of Fontanges had indeed been responsible for his death deprived the favorite and the Princess Palatine wrote about that "it is certain that the Fontanges died poisoned. A servant that had won Montespan was destroyed with milk." Although science innocent of this crime the marquise, for some, the death of Miss Fontanges still does not appear to be natural.