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Iron(II) gluconate

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Iron(II) gluconate
Names
IUPAC name iron; (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoic acid
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.131.978 Edit this at Wikidata
E number E579 (acidity regulators, ...)
PubChem CID
InChI
  • InChI=1S/2C6H12O7.Fe/c2*7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13;/h2*2-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13);/q;;+2/p-2/t2*2-,3-,4+,5-;/m11./s1Key: VRIVJOXICYMTAG-IYEMJOQQSA-L
  • InChI=1/2C6H12O7.Fe/c2*7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13;/h2*2-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13);/q;;+2/p-2/t2*2-,3-,4+,5-;/m11./s1Key: VRIVJOXICYMTAG-QFKJHGNTBV
SMILES
  • .O((O)C()=O)(O)(O)CO.C(=O)(O)(O)(O)(O)CO
Properties
Chemical formula C12H24FeO14
Molar mass 448.156
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). checkY verify (what is  ?) Infobox references
Chemical compound

Iron(II) gluconate, or ferrous gluconate, is a black compound often used as an iron supplement. It is the iron(II) salt of gluconic acid. It is marketed under brand names such as Fergon, Ferralet, and Simron. It is also present in the combination supplement dianazene, a vitamin mixture created by L. Ron Hubbard and used in the religion Scientology.

Uses

Ferrous gluconate is effectively used in the treatment of hypochromic anemia. The use of this compound compared with other iron preparations results in satisfactory reticulocyte responses, a high percentage utilization of iron, and daily increase in hemoglobin that a normal level occurs in a reasonably short time.

Ferrous gluconate is also used as a food additive when processing black olives. It imparts a uniform jet black colour to the olives.

Toxicity

Ferrous gluconate may be toxic in case of overdose. Children may show signs of toxicity with ingestions of 10–20 mg/kg of elemental iron. Serious toxicity may result from ingestions of more than 60 mg/kg. Iron exerts both local and systemic effects and is corrosive to the GI mucosa and can have a negative impact on the heart and blood (dehydration, low blood pressure, fast and weak pulse, shock), lungs, liver, gastrointestinal system (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting blood), nervous system (chills, dizziness, coma, convulsions, headache), and skin (flushing, loss of color, bluish-colored lips and fingernails). The symptoms may disappear in a few hours, but then emerge again after 1 or more days.

Compendial status

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (April 2010)

Notes and references

  1. SciToys.com ferrous gluconate information page
  2. Drugs.com ferrous gluconate summary
  3. Hubbard, L. Ron. All About Radiation. ISBN 9780884040620.
  4. Paul Reznikoff and Walther F. Goebel (1937). "THE USE OF FERROUS GLUCONATE IN THE TREATMENT OF HYPOCHROMIC ANEMIA" (PDF). J Clin Invest. 16 (4): 547–554. doi:10.1172/JCI100881. PMC 424894. PMID 16694502. Retrieved 10 February 2010. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. CSPI's Guide to Food Additives
  6. Toxicity, Iron
  7. Iron overdose
  8. The British Pharmacopoeia Secretariat (2009). "Index, BP 2009" (PDF). Retrieved 5 July 2009. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)

See also

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