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Revision as of 03:27, 19 March 2011 by In ictu oculi (talk | contribs) (→Claimed examples of Christophanies in the Hebrew Bible)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)A Christophany is an appearance, or non-physical manifestation, of Christ.
Traditionally the term refers to visions of Christ after his ascension such as the bright light of the Damascus Christophany.
Also, following the example of Justin Martyr some appearances of angels in the Hebrew Bible are also identified as Christophanies, preincarnate appearances of Christ, rather than Theophanies, by some Evangelical Christians.
Use of the term
The etymology is from the Greek noun Christos- "Christ, Annointed", and the Greek ending "phany" from the verb phanero, to be revealed or to manifest.
- Academics generally use the term solely in relation to the documented New Testament visions of Christ.
- George Balderston Kidd (1852) popularised the term in relation to the identification of angels in the Old Testament as Christ.
- The term was used by Albert Joseph Edmunds (1857–1941) in relation to the revealing of Christ in Christianity and Buddhism.
New Testament
- A New Testament Christophany is Paul's vision of Christ on the road to Damascus, and the subsequent one of Ananias.
- Another New Testament example is the vision of St. John the Divine, recounted in Revelation 1:12-18.
Claimed examples of Christophanies in the Hebrew Bible
Some Christian commentators have seen appearances by the pre-existent Christ in the Hebrew Bible:
- Jonathan Edwards (theologian) (1835) identified an example in Daniel 3:25, when the fourth man in the furnace is described as "like a son of the gods."
- Carey C. Newman Paul's glory-christology: tradition and rhetoric p164 1992 "The thesis defended below can be simply stated: the Damascus Christophany is the interpretive "origin" of Paul's ... That is, the vision of the resurrected and exalted Jesus, the Christophany, was the catalyst for the apostle's ...
- in The new Schaff-Herzog encyclopedia of religious knowledge: vol 11,1912 "the practise of the Greek Fathers from Justin Martyr, who identified the "angel of the Lord " with the Logos, furnish excuse for conceiving also the theophanies of the Old Testament as christophanies. "
- Ron Rhodes What Does the Bible Say About...?, 2007, p.125 "I believe that theophanies in the Old Testament were actually preincarnate appearances of Christ. The principal theophany of the Old Testament is the Angel of the Lord (or, more literally, Angel of Yahweh)"
- Christophany - The doctrine of the manifestations of the Son of God under the economy of the Old Testament 1852
- Albert Joseph Edmunds, Masaharieed Anesaki Buddhist and Christian Gospels 1900? 2009 reprint Page 101 "CHRISTOPHANY: HE WHO SEES THE TRUTH SEES THE LORD. John XIV. 6; 9; 18-21."
- The works of Jonathan Edwards 1835 p564 "And the prophet Daniel, in the historical part of his book, gives an account of a very remarkable appearance of Christ in Nebuchadnezzar's furnace, with Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego."