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see also Central banking
Although officially state owned in most countries, the central bank is usually an autonomous entity responsible for the stability of the national currency (see also money) and the national financial system as a whole. Furthermore it implements the country's monetary policy, which may conflict with the government's fiscal measures. Other duties might include providing financial services to governments (eg. storing other countries' monetary reserves) and supervising of banking institutions (eg. in the case of mergers and acquisitions) in order to protect the consumers.
List of central banks
- Australia - Reserve Bank of Australia
- Canada - Bank of Canada
- Cuba - Banco de Cuba
- European Union - European Central Bank
- Finland - Bank of Finland
- France - Banque de France
- Germany - Deutsche Bundesbank
- Greece - Bank of Greece
- Iceland - Seðlabanki Íslands
- India - Reserve Bank of India
- Israel - Bank of Israel
- Italy - Banca d'Italia
- Japan - Bank of Japan
- Malaysia - Bank Negara Malaysia
- Mexico - Banco de México
- The Netherlands - De Nederlandsche Bank
- New Zealand - Reserve Bank of New Zealand
- Norway - Norges Bank
- OECS - Eastern Caribbean Central Bank
- People's Republic of China - People's Bank of China
- Philippines - Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas
- Poland - Narodowy Bank Polski
- Republic of China (on Taiwan) - The Central Bank of China
- Russia - Central Bank of the Russian Federation
- Singapore - Monetary Authority of Singapore
- South Africa - South African Reserve Bank
- South Korea - The Bank of Korea
- Spain - Banco de España
- Sweden - Sveriges Riksbank - The world's oldest central bank.
- Thailand - Bank of Thailand
- Turkey - Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankası
- United Kingdom - Bank of England
- United States of America - Federal Reserve System
Also should be noted:
- World Bank group - In a sense, the central bank of the world.
- Bank for international Settlements - an international organisation which fosters international monetary and financial cooperation and serves as a bank for central banks. http://www.bis.org/index.htm