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In theoretical physics, a flux compactification is a particular way to deal with additional dimensions required by string theory in which the shape of the internal manifold is a Calabi-Yau manifold or its generalization which is moreover equipped with non-zero values of fluxes, i.e. differential forms that generalize the concept of a magnetic field (see p-form electrodynamics). The hypothetical concept of the anthropic landscape in string theory follows from a large number of possibilities in which the integers that characterize the fluxes can be chosen without violating rules of string theory. The flux compactifications can be described as F-theory vacua or type IIB string theory vacua with or without D-branes.

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