Misplaced Pages

Diphosphorus

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by CheMoBot (talk | contribs) at 05:44, 25 August 2011 (Updating {{chembox}} (no changed fields - updated 'DrugBank_Ref', 'UNII_Ref', 'ChEMBL_Ref', 'ChEBI_Ref', 'KEGG_Ref') per Chem/Drugbox validation (report [[Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Chemicals|err). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Revision as of 05:44, 25 August 2011 by CheMoBot (talk | contribs) (Updating {{chembox}} (no changed fields - updated 'DrugBank_Ref', 'UNII_Ref', 'ChEMBL_Ref', 'ChEBI_Ref', 'KEGG_Ref') per Chem/Drugbox validation (report [[Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Chemicals|err)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Diphosphorus
Stick model of diphosphorus
Stick model of diphosphorus
Spacefill model of diphosphorus
Spacefill model of diphosphorus
Names
IUPAC name Diphosphorus
Systematic IUPAC name Diphosphyne
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
Gmelin Reference 1400241
PubChem CID
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
InChI
  • InChI=1S/P2/c1-2Key: FOBPTJZYDGNHLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • InChI=1/P2/c1-2Key: FOBPTJZYDGNHLR-UHFFFAOYAU
SMILES
  • P#P
Properties
Chemical formula P2
Molar mass 61.947523996 g·mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). checkY verify (what is  ?) Infobox references
Chemical compound

Diphosphorus, P2, is the diatomic form of phosphorus. Unlike its nitrogen group neighbor nitrogen which forms a stable N2 molecule with a nitrogen to nitrogen triple bond, phosphorus prefers a tetrahedral form P4 because P-P pi-bonds are high in energy. Diphosphorus is therefore very reactive with a bond dissociation energy (117 kcal/mol or 490 kJ/mol) half that of dinitrogen.

Traditionally diphosphorus can be generated by heating white phosphorus at 1100 kelvins. Nevertheless, some advancements were obtained in generating the diatomic molecule in homogeneous solution, under normal conditions with the use by some transition metal complexes (based on for example tungsten and niobium).

The molecule attracted attention in 2006 when a new method for its synthesis at milder temperatures emerged.

This method is a variation on nitrogen expulsion in azides with formation of a nitrene. The synthesis of the diphosphorus precursor consists of reacting a terminal niobium phosphide with a chloroiminophosphane:

Diphosphorus precursor

Heating this compound at 50 °C in 1,3-cyclohexadiene serving as a solvent and as a trapping reagent, expulses diphosphorus which reactive as it is forms a double Diels-Alder adduct and the niobium imido compound:

Diphosphorus reaction

The same imido compound also forms when the thermolysis is performed in toluene but then the fate of diphosphorus is unknown.

P2 has been suggested to form as an intermediate in the photolysis of P4 and in the presence of 2,3-dimethylbutadiene the diphosphane is again formed To date, no direct evidence of P2 formation via P4 photolysis exists.

References

  1. "Diphosphorus (CHEBI:33472)". Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI). UK: European Bioinformatics Institute.
  2. Russell, C. A. (2010), PP, a Laboratory Reagent?. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 49: 9572–9573. doi:10.1002/anie.201006243
  3. Triple-Bond Reactivity of Diphosphorus Molecules Nicholas A. Piro, Joshua S. Figueroa, Jessica T. McKellar, Christopher C. Cummins Science 1 September 2006:Vol. 313. no. 5791, pp. 1276–1279 10.1126/science.1129630
  4. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/313/5791/1276.pdf
  5. Triple-Bond Reactivity of Diphosphorus Molecules Nicholas A. Piro, Joshua S. Figueroa, Jessica T. McKellar, Christopher C. Cummins Science 1 September 2006:Vol. 313. no. 5791, pp. 1276 - 1279 doi:10.1126/science.1129630 PMID 16946068
  6. Optische und photochemische versuche mit phosphor G. Rathenau Physica Volume 4, Issue 6, June 1937, Pages 503-514 doi:10.1016/S0031-8914(37)80084-1
  7. Tofan, D. and Cummins, C. C. (2010), Photochemical Incorporation of Diphosphorus Units into Organic Molecules. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 49: 7516–7518. doi: 10.1002/anie.201004385

External links

Category: