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Anatabine

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Revision as of 02:32, 21 September 2011 by CheMoBot (talk | contribs) (Updating {{drugbox}} (no changed fields - added verified revid - updated 'DrugBank_Ref', 'UNII_Ref', 'ChEMBL_Ref', 'ChEBI_Ref', 'KEGG_Ref', 'DrugBank_Ref', 'ChEBI_Ref') per Chem/Drugbox validation (report [[Misplaced Pages talk:WikiProject)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff) Pharmaceutical compound
Anatabine
Identifiers
IUPAC name
  • -1,2,3,6-Tetrahydro-2,3'-bipyridine
CAS Number
ChemSpider
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC10H12N2
Molar mass160.22 g/mol
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C10H12N2/c1-2-7-12-10(5-1)9-4-3-6-11-8-9/h1-4,6,8,10,12H,5,7H2/t10-/m0/s1
  • Key:SOPPBXUYQGUQHE-JTQLQIEISA-N
  (verify)

Anatabine (uh-nat-uh-been,-bin) is one of the minor alkaloids found in plants in the Solanaceae family, which includes the tobacco plant, that has been shown to affect monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity. Anatabine is found in cigarette tobacco and smoke, and is absorbed in the human body after tobacco use.

There have been hypotheses that minor tobacco constituents and other non-nicotine therapies may be beneficial in fighting nicotine withdrawal. Many studies have been conducted investigating the effects of smoking on MAO activity.

Anatabine is one of the ingredients in the smoking alternative dietary supplement, CiGRX, developed by Rock Creek Pharmaceuticals. The use of anatabine rather than nicotine replacement therapy is related to the half-lives of nicotine and anatabine. The latency of needing a cigarette (LTNC) among regular smokers was less than two hours compared to the half-life of anatabine which is 10 hours.

Rock Creek Pharmaceuticals has also developed Anatabloc, a product that targets inflammation. The Roskamp Institute in Sarasota, Florida, has worked with Rock Creek Pharmaceuticals to study the effects of the anatabine compound on inflammatory diseases and disorders. Roskamp findings can be viewed at The Roskamp Institute Website.

Anatabine's potential in fighting Alzheimer's disease and other anti-inflammatory illnesses is being studied.

References

  1. Rose JE, Behm FM, Ramsey C, Ritchie JC (2001). "Platelet monoamine oxidase, smoking cessation, and tobacco withdrawal symptoms". Nicotine Tob. Res. 3 (4): 383–90. doi:10.1080/14622200110087277. PMID 11694206. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. Castagnoli K, Petzer JB, Steyn SJ, van der Schyf CJ, Castagnoli N (2003). "Inhibition of human MAO-A and MAO-B by a compound isolated from flue-cured tobacco leaves and its neuroprotective properties in the MPTP mouse model of neurodegeneration". Inflammopharmacology. 11 (2): 183–8. doi:10.1163/156856003765764353. PMID 15035820.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ Jacob P, Yu L, Shulgin AT, Benowitz NL (1999). "Minor tobacco alkaloids as biomarkers for tobacco use: comparison of users of cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, cigars, and pipes". Am J Public Health. 89 (5): 731–6. doi:10.2105/AJPH.89.5.731. PMC 1508721. PMID 10224986. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. Mattioli L, Perfumi M (2011). "Evaluation of Rhodiola rosea L. extract on affective and physical signs of nicotine withdrawal in mice". J. Psychopharmacol. (Oxford). 25 (3): 402–10. doi:10.1177/0269881109348166. PMID 19939867. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. Fowler JS, Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Pappas N, Logan J, MacGregor R, Alexoff D, Shea C, Schlyer D, Wolf AP, Warner D, Zezulkova I, Cilento R (1996). "Inhibition of monoamine oxidase B in the brains of smokers". Nature. 379 (6567): 733–6. doi:10.1038/379733a0. PMID 8602220. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. Fowler JS, Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Pappas N, Logan J, Shea C, Alexoff D, MacGregor RR, Schlyer DJ, Zezulkova I, Wolf AP (1996). "Brain monoamine oxidase A inhibition in cigarette smokers". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (24): 14065–9. PMC 19495. PMID 8943061. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. van Amsterdam J, Talhout R, Vleeming W, Opperhuizen A (2006). "Contribution of monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibition to tobacco and alcohol addiction". Life Sci. 79 (21): 1969–73. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2006.06.010. PMID 16884739. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  8. Norman TR, Chamberlain KG, French MA (1987). "Platelet monoamine oxidase: low activity in cigarette smokers". Psychiatry Res. 20 (3): 199–205. doi:10.1016/0165-1781(87)90079-5. PMID 3588781. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. "CiGRX". Star Scientific, Inc. Retrieved 2011-09-06.
  10. Ursprung WW, Morello P, Gershenson B, DiFranza JR (2011). "Development of a measure of the latency to needing a cigarette". J Adolesc Health. 48 (4): 338–43. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.07.011. PMID 21402261. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  11. "Anatabloc". Star Scientific, Inc. Retrieved 2011-09-06.
  12. ^ "Role of Anatabine as an anti-inflammatory agent". Roskamp Institute. Retrieved 2011-09-06.
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