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Flupentixol

Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information
Routes of administration	Oral, IM
ATC code	N05AF01 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Elimination half-life	19-39 hours
Identifiers
IUPAC name (EZ)-2-propyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanol
CAS Number	2709-56-0
PubChem CID	5281881
ChemSpider	4445173
UNII	FA0UYH6QUO
KEGG	D01044
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID3058749
ECHA InfoCard	100.018.459
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C23H25F3N2OS
Molar mass	434.5219 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES FC(F)(F)c2cc1C(\c3c(Sc1cc2)cccc3)=C/CCN4CCN(CCO)CC4
InChI InChI=1S/C23H25F3N2OS/c24-23(25,26)17-7-8-22-20(16-17)18(19-4-1-2-6-21(19)30-22)5-3-9-27-10-12-28(13-11-27)14-15-29/h1-2,4-8,16,29H,3,9-15H2/b18-5- Key:NJMYODHXAKYRHW-DVZOWYKESA-N
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Flupentixol (INN), also known as flupenthixol (former BAN), marketed under brand names such as Depixol and Fluanxol, is a typical antipsychotic drug of the thioxanthene class. In addition to single drug preparations, it is also available as Anxiset, Deanxit, Mixit, a combination product containing both melitracen and flupentixol.

Indications

Flupentixol's main use is as a long-acting injection given two or three times weekly to individuals with schizophrenia who have poor compliance with medication and suffer frequent relapses of illness.

Flupentixol is also used in low doses as an antidepressant.

Pharmacology

Flupentixol acts as an antagonist at various dopamine (D₁-D₅), serotonin (5-HT₂), adrenaline (α₁), and histamine (H₁) receptors, without affecting the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.

Its antipsychotic effects are likely caused by D₂ and/or 5-HT_2A antagonism, whereas its antidepressant effects at lower doses may be mediated by preferential D₂/D₃ autoreceptor blockade, resulting in increased postsynaptic activation.

Side effects

The side effects of flupentixol are similar to most other typical antipsychotics, namely extrapyramidal symptoms of akathisia, muscle tremors, and rigidity and antihistamine effects like sedation and somnolence. However, it lacks anticholinergic adverse effects. But seizures have been reported in some users, and long-term use may even inflict epilepsy on some takers.

See also

• Typical antipsychotic
• Thioxanthene

References

1. Robertson MM, Trimble MR (1981). "The antidepressant action of flupenthixol". The Practitioner. 225 (1355): 761–3. PMID 7291129. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
2. Pöldinger W, Sieberns S (1983). "Depression-inducing and antidepressive effects of neuroleptics. Experiences with flupenthixol and flupenthixol decanoate". Neuropsychobiology. 10 (2–3): 131–6. PMID 6674820.
3. Johnson DA (1979). "A double-blind comparison of flupenthixol, nortriptyline and diazepam in neurotic depression". Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 59 (1): 1–8. PMID 369298. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
4. Young JP, Hughes WC, Lader MH (1976). "A controlled comparison of flupenthixol and amitriptyline in depressed outpatients". British Medical Journal. 1 (6018): 1116–8. PMC 1639983. PMID 773506. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
5. Fujiwara J, Ishino H, Baba O, Hanaoka M, Sasaki K (1976). "Effect of flupenthixol on depression with special reference to combination use with tricyclic antidepressants. An uncontrolled pilot study with 45 patients". Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 54 (2): 99–105. PMID 961463. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
6. Tam W, Young JP, John G, Lader MH (1982). "A controlled comparison of flupenthixol decanoate injections and oral amitriptyline in depressed out-patients". The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science. 140: 287–91. PMID 7093597. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
7. "PDSP Database - UNC".
8. Golds PR, Przyslo FR, Strange PG (1980). "The binding of some antidepressant drugs to brain muscarinic acetylcholine receptors". British Journal of Pharmacology. 68 (3): 541–9. PMC 2044199. PMID 7052344. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

• Organofluorides
• Piperazines
• Antidepressants
• Thioxanthene antipsychotics