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| 2012 Burgas bus bombing | |
|---|---|
 Location of the bombing (near Burgas Airport) | |
  Burgas AirportBurgas Airport (Bulgaria) | |
| Location | Burgas Airport, Burgas, Bulgaria |
| Coordinates | 42°34′N 27°30′E / 42.567°N 27.500°E / 42.567; 27.500 |
| Date | 17:30, 18 July 2012 (UTC+02:00) (2012-07-18T17:30UTC+02:00) |
| Target | Israeli-operated buses |
| Attack type | Suicide bombing |
| Weapons | Unknown explosive device |
| Deaths | 7 (+ the perpetrator) |
| Injured | 32 |
| Victim | Israeli tourists and bus driver |
| Participant | 1 |
On 18 July 2012, a suicide bomber carried out a terrorist attack on a passenger bus transporting Israeli tourists at the Burgas Airport in Burgas, Bulgaria. The bus was carrying forty-two Israelis, mainly youths, from the airport to their hotels, after arriving on a flight from Tel Aviv. The explosion killed five Israelis as well as the Bulgarian bus driver and the Bulgarian tour guide, and injured thirty-two, prompting international condemnation.
Attack
Seven people were killed and at least thirty-two injured in an explosion on an Israeli-operated tour bus at the Burgas Airport in the Black Sea resort of Burgas, a city of some 200,000 people and approximately 400 kilometers (250 mi) east of the capital, Sofia. Two other buses were also damaged in the blast.
Bulgarian leaders, including President Rosen Plevneliev, rushed to the site. The Foreign Ministry said authorities believed that the blast was a terrorist attack. According to the initial reports of Bulgarian authorities, the blast was caused by a bomb in a luggage compartment. However, it was later argued by a Bulgarian official that the blast was probably carried out by a male suicide bomber with fake US documents.
An 11-year-old child and two pregnant women were among the casualties, and the Bulgarian bus driver was killed. with one of the pregnant women being killed. Survivors of the attack described people being thrown into the air, people shouting and crying, and recalled seeing body parts. The witnesses said that the explosion began at the front of the bus and sent fire down through the vehicle. Some passengers on the bus jumped out of windows to escape.
Two days after the attack, Bulgarian Interior Minister Tsvetan Tsvetanov said that the bomb was carried in the backpack of a man who was filmed on security cameras at the airport. Tsvetanov added that the bomb was detonated in the luggage compartment of the bus, and that the blast was caused by 3 kilograms of TNT powder.
Fatalities
- Amir Menashe, 28, from Petah Tikva
- Itzik Kolangi, 28, from Petah Tikva
- Kochava Shriki, 42, from Rishon LeZion
- Maor Harush, 24, from Acre
- Elior Preiss, 25, from Acre
- Mustafa Kyosov, 36, Bulgarian bus driver from Yurukovo village, Blagoevgrad Province
Perpetrator
Bulgarian Interior Minister Tsvetan Tsvetanov stated that the suspected attacker is seen on security camera tape near the bus for about an hour before the blast and that he had a fake driver's license from the U.S. state of Michigan. The suspected attacker was described as a white male with long hair and wearing glasses.
On July 19, The Washington Post reported that some U.S. officials cautioned that there wasn't firm evidence linking Iran to the attack, while U.S. intelligence officials did say it was "plausible" that Hezbollah carried out the attack but the CIA and other government agencies were still evaluating the attack.
On the same day, The New York Times reported that American officials identified the suicide bomber as a member of Hezbollah. A senior American official told The New York Times that the atttacker was "acting under broad guidance" to hit Israeli targets when opportunities presented themselves. The official said this guidance was given to Hezbollah from Iran, which uses Hezbollah as a proxy. Two other American officials told The New York Times that Hezbollah was behind the bombing. The government sources were anonymous and no proof was offered.
Bulgarian news sources later published information claiming that the bomber was a Swedish citizen and former captive at Guantánamo Bay, Mehdi Ghezali. Swedish and Bulgarian authorities denied that these reports were correct, and United States officials said there was no evidence supporting the reports that Ghezali was responsible.
Reports prepared for the New York City Police Department by intelligence analysts state that the suicide bombing in Burgas was the second plot unmasked there this year that is suspected to be perpetrated by Hezbollah and/or Iran. The report linked nine plots in 2012 in various countries to Iran or its proxies.
The Bulgarian Interior Minister denied media reports that it was a local Hezbollah cell, saying that the possibility was not discussed, and they were focusing only on "realistic options." He added that the bomber was a foreign national and not Bulgarian, and that investigators were following several leads, including that there was an accomplice.
Reactions
Bulgaria—Bulgaria's EU Humanitarian Aid Commissioner Kristalina Georgieva was the first Bulgarian politician to react to the attack, writing on Twitter "I am shocked and saddened by the news about the explosion in Burgas in which there are casualties. I am following news the news constantly".
- Bulgarian Prime Minister Boyko Borisov called Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and conveyed his condolences over the attack. Prime Minister Borissov stated that Bulgaria would fully cooperate with Israel in investigating the attack, and said that the attack wasn't only against Israelis but also against Bulgaria.
- Bulgaria's Interior Minister, Tsvetan Tsvetanov, said that the attack was a terrorist attack.
- Foreign Minister Nikolay Mladenov condemned the attack but said that "it is wrong and a mistake to point fingers at this stage of the investigation at any country or organization".
- The Bulgarian Parliament unanimously adopted a declaration the day after the attack which condemned the terror attack, stating that "Bulgaria is shocked. The Parliament denounces taking innocent human lives and resolutely condemns the terrorist act." The declaration by the Bulgarian Parliament urged the relevant authorities to take all measures in order to catch and bring to justice the perpetrators of the attack. Before the declaration was adopted, the parliament held one minute of silence in honor of the victims.
- The mayor of Burgas announced a day of mourning.
European Union—The European Union condemned the attack, and Catherine Ashton, High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy/Vice President of the Commission, stated that she is shocked by the news and called on the perpetrators to be brought to justice.
- European Parliament president Martin Schulz stated that "Those that carried out this barbaric terrorist attack must be brought to justice".
France—France condemned the bombing "in the strongest possible terms" and said it was a terrorist attack. France also expressed solidarity with the Israeli authorities in "the fight against hatred and terrorism."
Germany—Germany condemned the attack in Burgas, but cautioned Israel not to blame Iran too quickly.
Iran—Iran condemned the bombing as a terrorist attack and denied responsibility. Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesman Ramin Mehmanparast called the accusation stated by Prime Minister Netanyahu that the bombing was carried out by Hezbollah as a proxy for Iran as "baseless". According to Mehmanparast, "The Zionist regime... is leveling baseless accusations to divert global attention to its own terrorist nature."On the other hand, remarks made by Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad in a speech the following night were interpreted by some Israeli media as a veiled hint at Iranian responsibility for the attack.
Ireland—Eamon Gilmore, Ireland's Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Foreign Affairs, and Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Chairperson-in-Office, condemned the attack in Burgas as a terrorist attack, and offered his condolences to the families of those killed, Bulgarians, Israelis, and the Bulgarian and Israeli government. Gilmore said, "I wholeheartedly condemn this act of terrorism targeting innocent civilians." He added that "Such an attack makes it more clear than ever how important a united front and co-operation are to combat the scourge of terrorism, which knows no borders."
Israel—Within two hours of the attack, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, stated that "all the signs lead to Iran", noting previous attacks or attempted attacks in various countries in recent months in which Iran was implicated, and said that it was carried out by Hezbollah. Prime Minister Netanyahu stated that Israel would "react firmly" to this "global Iranian terror onslaught", and that "18 years to the day after the horrendous attack on the Jewish Community Center in Argentina, deadly Iranian terrorism continues to strike at innocent people". A senior source in Israel's defense establishment also said that the attacks were from Hezbollah and Iran. Netanyahu also thanked the Bulgarian government for its quick response, which he said saved Israeli lives, calling Bulgaria a "true friend" of Israel.
- Israeli Defense Minister Ehud Barak vowed that they would find the perpetrators of the attack, and said that it's important that terrorism does not disrupt the daily lives of Israelis.
- Israeli President Shimon Peres said that Israel would hit terror nests around the world and will "silence terror organizations." Peres noted that "This was a bloody attack against civilians going on vacation. Many of them lost their lives, others were wounded for no reason, for no purpose. They were attacked for the simple and unacceptable reason that they were Jewish or Israeli."
- The day after the attack, Israeli officials signalled that they will not rush into an open conflict with Iran or Hezbollah as a result of the terrorist attack.
- Two days after the attack, a senior defense official stated that since May 2011, more than 20 terror attacks against Israelis were prevented across the globe. Prime Minister Netanyahu revealed that an attack in South Africa was thwarted as well.
Lebanon—Hezbollah denied responsibility in carrying out the attack. In a speech given to his supporters to mark the sixth anniversary of the Second Lebanon War, Hezbollah Secretary General Hassan Nasrallah did not mention the attack.
NATO—The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen condemned the attack, offered his condolences to the families of the victims, and said that terrorism in all forms can never be tolerated.
Norway—Norway condemned the attack in Burgas as a terrorist attack. Norway's Minister of Foreign Affairs Jonas Gahr Støre offered his condolences to the victims and their families, and said, "I condemn the terrorist attack that took place in Bulgaria today. Our thoughts go to those affected and their families. It is shocking that civilians are targeted in this way. Such acts of violence are completely unacceptable, and Norway condemns all use of terror." He added that those responsible for the attack must be brought to justice.
Russia—Russia strongly condemned the attack in Burgas. The official Statement from Russia states: "committed by terrorists who had the sole purpose of killing innocent civilians including women and children". Russia stated that the people responsible should be punished. Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev sent a telegram of condolences to Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu "This barbarous crime cannot be justified, all those involved in masterminding it must suffer severe punishment. I ask you to convey words of grief and sympathy to the next-of-kin of the dead, and wish an early recovery to the injured".
Serbia—Prime Minister-designate Ivica Dačić condemned the attack and stressed out the importance of the international cooperation in fight against the terrorism. He also announced maximum possible contribution of Serbia to this fight.
Turkey—Turkey strongly condemned the attack in Burgas, stating that "Terror is a crime against humanity and can never be justified. We strongly condemn the terrorist attack in question."
Ukraine—Ukraine's Foreign Ministry condemend the Burgas attack as a "barbaric terrorist attack," and expressed their condolences to the families and victims, as well as a speedy recovery to the injured. The ministry stressed that Ukraine believes there can't be any justification for terrorist acts, and can not be used to achieve political or other means.
United Kingdom—U.K. Foreign Secretary William Hague condemned the attack, stating "I condemn today’s terrorist attack on a bus carrying Israeli tourists at Burgas airport in Bulgaria... I would like to express my condolences to the friends and family of those injured and killed."
United Nations—United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon condemned the attack in "the strongest possible terms" and expressed his condolences to the victims, their families, and the governments and people of Bulgaria and Israel.
- The United Nations Security Council and Middle East Quartet condemened the bombing as a terrorist attack, and expressed their condolences to the victims and families of the attack, which they described as "heinous." The Quartet, comprised of the U.N., European Union, Russia, and the U.S., said, "This is an act of cowardice against innocent people, including children." The Quartet expressed their hope that the perpetrators would be caught and brought to justice. The 15-member Security Council released a statement reaffirming that "terrorism in all its forms and manifestations constitutes one of the most serious threats to international peace and security, and that any acts of terrorism are criminal and unjustifiable, regardless of their motivation, wherever, whenever and by whomsoever committed."
- The US, Bulgaria and Israel are reportedly pushing for a Security Council denunciation of the attack.
United States—The President of the United States Barack Obama condemned the attack, which he described as a "barbaric terrorist attack," stating that "These attacks against innocent civilians, including children, are completely outrageous". He sent his condolences to the families of those killed and injured, the people of Israel, Bulgaria, and "and any other nation whose citizens were harmed in this awful event".
- President Obama later called Prime Minister Netanyahu and expressed his condolences, and said that the U.S. and Israel should work together to investigate the attack and bring the perpetrators to justice. Prime Minister Netanyahu expressed his gratitude to President Obama for the call.
- Secretary of State Hillary Clinton stated that she was "deeply saddened and angered", and offered her condolences to the victims and their families.
- Susan Rice, the U.S. envoy to the United Nations, wrote on Twitter that the attack was "an act of supreme cowardice".
- The U.S. ambassador to Israel, Dan Shapiro, conveyed Washington's condolences to the families of the victims and said that the U.S. is cooperating with Israel and Bulgaria in the investigation. Commenting on Prime Minister Netanyahu's remarks that Iran and Hezbollah were behind the attack, Shapiro said that "Israel has the right to defend itself," and in his opinion no decision was made yet regarding a response, but future measures would probably be discussed between the U.S. and Israel. Shapiro further said that Washington was enraged to learn of the attack, and the U.S. plans to increase its efforts to prevent future attacks, in collaboration with Israel and other countries. Shapiro added that "There have been attempts in recent months (to attack Israelis) that have had the hallmarks of Hezbollah and Iran, and we know that they have actively sought to attack Israelis the past."
Aftermath
After the attack, the Burgas airport was closed and flights were redirected to the airport of Varna. Israel's airline El Al canceled its flight from Tel Aviv to Sofia that was due to leave at 16:00 GMT.
Mayor Yordanka Fandakova of the capital city Sofia ordered a stronger police presence at all public places linked to the Jewish community, which numbers about 5,000.
Magen David Adom, Israel's national emergency medical, disaster, ambulance, and blood bank service, sent delegations to Bulgaria to help treat the wounded. The first delegation arrived on the night of the attack. The next morning, two Israeli Air Force C-130 Hercules aircraft landed in Burgas in order to airlift the Israelis injured in Wednesday's terror attack back to Israel.
A military service was held in honor of the victims at Ben Gurion International Airport. In the afternoon of the day after the attack, a military plane safely returned the 32 Israelis who were wounded to Israel. That night, a C-130 that was sent to Sofia returned to Israel with three Israelis who suffered serious injuries during the attack. The Israeli Tourism Minister, Stas Meseznikov, said that the victims had not been randomly targeted that their only "mistake" was that they were Israelis.
On the day after the attack, Israel boosted security at El Al airport counters and around embassies across the globe. Mossad and Shin Bet officials convened a meeting on the same day to discuss future coordination and to assess the threat level in various countries throughout the world.
Two days after the attack, Israel's Mossad and Shin Bet agencies had teams on the ground in Bulgaria to assist the authorities in identifying the perpetrator.
Noah Gal-Gendler, a former Israeli ambassador to Bulgaria, said that relations between Israel and Bulgaria are extremely good at present, and the attack won't change this. Gal-Gendler said that the Bulgarian authorities are horrified and in shock.
See also
- List of terrorist incidents, 2012
- 1994 AMIA bombing
- Toulouse and Montauban shootings
- History of the Jews in Bulgaria
References
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{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - "משרד החוץ: מניין ההרוגים ירד לשבעה, בהם 6 ישראלים" (in Hebrew). Ynet!. 19 July 2012. Retrieved 19 July 2012.
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{{cite web}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help); Missing or empty|url=(help); Text "http://epfacebook.eu/xt" ignored (help) - "France condemns attack on Israelis in Bulgaria". AFP. Now Lebanon. 18 July 2012. Retrieved 19 July 2012.
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{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - "Bulgaria victims laid to rest in funerals across country". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 20 July 2012.
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{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
External links
- Burgas attack collected news and commentary at The Times of Israel
