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Charging the mound refers to the practice, in baseball, of a batter assaulting the pitcher after being hit by a pitch. The first incidence of a professional charging the mound has not been identified but the practice certainly dates back to the game's early days. Charging the mound is often the precipitating event of a bench-clearing brawl.

In baseball, the pitcher occupies the most commanding position on the diamond, since it is he who initiates every play. One of the key ways he controls the game is by intimidating the batter at the plate. Often a brushback pitch is a successful enough weapon, but sometimes a pitcher will hit the batter intentionally. There are a number of reasons for hitting a batter: standing too close to the plate, stealing signs, previously hitting a home run, the opposing team's pitcher previously hitting a batter, or simply because of some personal animosity. Regardless of cause, the batter will often take offense and respond with violence. Typically before charging, the bat and helmet is thrown aside so that batter may face pitcher 'mano-a-mano.' Though serious injuries have occurred from charging, usually fights are either broken up or joined by all other players so the conflict turns into harmless posturing and name-calling.

Charging the mound is usually more about responding to an indignity than actually an attempt by the batter to injure the pitcher. There is long standing etiquette in baseball regarding what is an acceptable offence to warrant a beaning, and there are similar rules for charging in response to being hit. While these unwritten rules have become somewhat more vague, the response of Major League Baseball to the incidents has become far more strict. Whereas, suspensions in the past were rare and usually short, Commissioner Fay Vincent and his successor Bud Selig have reacted harshly to both instances of beaning and charging. Recently, most incidents which have caused the benches to clear have been met with large fines and lengthy suspensions.

One of the more notable and humorous occasions of a batter charging occurred August 4, 1993 when a 46 year-old Nolan Ryan of the Texas Rangers (a pitcher notorious for intimidating batters with 100mph brush-back pitches) drilled then mid-20s rising star Robin Ventura of the Chicago White Sox. Ventura charged but Ryan calmly threw down his glove and proceeded to put Ventura in a headlock and pummel him on the head. Amazingly, Ryan was not even ejected, while Ventura received a two-game suspension, a fine, and a cautionary tale for batters who charge the wrong pitcher.

• Baseball terminology