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Timeline of Vietnamese history

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Part of a series on the
History of Vietnam
Prehistoric
Paleolithic
Sơn Vi culture 20,000 BC–12,000 BC
Mesolithic
Hoabinhian 12,000 BC–10,000 BC
Neolithic
Bắc Sơn culture 10,000 BC–8,000 BC
Quỳnh Văn culture 8,000 BC–6,000 BC
Đa Bút culture 4,000 BC–3,000 BC
Bronze and Iron Ages
Phùng Nguyên culture 2,000 BC–1,500 BC
Đồng Đậu culture 1,500 BC–1,000 BC
Gò Mun culture 1,000–800 BC
Dong Son culture (1,000 BC–100 AD)
Sa Huỳnh culture (1,000 BC–200 AD)
Óc Eo culture (1–630 AD)
Ancient
Hồng Bàng dynasty 2879 BC–258 BC
Thục dynasty 257 BC–179 BC
Triệu dynasty 204 BC–111 BC
Dominated
1st Chinese domination 111 BC–40 AD
Trung sisters' rebellion 40–43
2nd Chinese domination 43–544
Early Lý dynasty544–602
3rd Chinese domination602–938
Dynastic
Ngô dynasty 939–965
Anarchy of the 12 Warlords 965–968
Đinh dynasty 968–980
Early Lê dynasty 980–1009
Later Lý dynasty 1009–1225
Trần dynasty 1225–1400
Hồ dynasty 1400–1407
4th Chinese domination 1407–1428
Later Lê dynasty 1428–1527
Mạc dynasty 1527–1592
Later Lê Restoration 1533–1789
Tây Sơn dynasty 1778–1802
Nguyễn dynasty 1802–1945
Colonial
French Cochinchina 1862–1949
French Annam 1883–1948
French Tonkin 1883–1948
French Indochina 1887–1954
Empire of Vietnam 1945
Republic
North Vietnam
1945–1976
Republic of South Vietnam 1975–1976
South Vietnam
1955–1975
State of Vietnam 1949–1955
Socialist Republic of Vietnam 1976-now
Non-Vietnamese history
Funan 68–627
Champa 192–1832
Cát Tiên archaeological site 300–800
Chenla 550–781
Nanzhao 738–902
Khmer Empire 802–1431
Dali Kingdom 937–1253
Nung-Zhuang kingdom 1042–1052
Ngưu Hống 1061–1432
Jarai kingdoms 1100–1904
Sip Song Chau Tai 1600–1954
Principality of Hà Tiên1707–1832
By topic
flag Vietnam portal

The following is a timeline of the history of Vietnam.

Predynastic

Date Ruler Events Other people/events
4000 - 2000 BC Excavations have yielded a number of rice remains.

Hồng Bàng Dynasty

Early Hồng Bàng

Date Ruler Events Other people/events
2879 BC King Lục Dương Vương (2879 - 2794 BC) Lộc Tục succeeded in grouping all the vassal states within his territory into a unified nation, and proclaimed himself Kinh Dương Vương and called his newly born nation Xích Quỷ. The capital was Phong Châu.
2793 BC Many kings named themselves Hùng Hiền Vương (2793 - 2525 BC)
2524 BC Many kings named themselves Hùng Quốc Vương (2524 - 2253 BC) Xích Quỷ was renamed Văn Lang.
~2500 BC The Hùng Vương expands rice cultivation.
2254 BC Many kings named themselves Hùng Diệp Vương (2254 - 1913 BC)
~2000 BC Phùng Nguyên culture.

Middle Hồng Bàng

Date Ruler Events Other people/events
1912 BC Many kings named themselves Hùng Hy Vương (1912 - 1713 BC)
1712 BC Many kings named themselves Hùng Huy Vương (1712 - 1632 BC)
1631 BC Many kings named themselves Hùng Chiêu Vương (1631 - 1432 BC)
~1500 BC Đồng Đậu culture.
1431 BC Many kings named themselves Hùng Vi Vương (1431 - 1332 BC)
1331 BC Many kings named themselves Hùng Định Vương (1331 - 1252 BC)
1251 BC Many kings named themselves Hùng Nghi Vương (1251 - 1162 BC)
~1200 BC The development of wet-rice cultivation and bronze casting in the Ma River and Red River plains led to the development of the Đông Sơn culture, notable for its elaborate bronze drums.
1161 BC Many kings named themselves Hùng Trinh Vương (1161 - 1055 BC)
~1045 BC Gò Mun culture.

Late Hồng Bàng

Date Ruler Events Other people/events
1054 BC Many kings named themselves Hùng Vũ Vương (1054 - 969 BC)
~1000 BC Văn Lang's population is about 1 million people. Đông Sơn culture.
968 BC Many kings named themselves Hùng Việt Vương (968 - 854 BC)
853 BC Many kings named themselves Hùng Anh Vương (853 - 755 BC)
754 BC Many kings named themselves Hùng Triệu Vương (754 - 661 BC)
660 BC Many kings named themselves Hùng Tạo Vương (660 - 569 BC)
? General Thạch Tướng putted down the Man rebellion.
568 BC Many kings named themselves Hùng Nghi Vương (568 - 409 BC)
408 BC Many kings named themselves Hùng Duệ Vương (408 - 258 BC)
258 BC Thục Phán, the ruler of the neighboring upland Âu Việt tribes, conquered Văn Lang of the Lạc Việt tribes and overthrew the last Hùng Duệ Vương.

Thục Dynasty

Date Ruler Events Other people/events
King An Dương Vương (257 - 207 BC)

Triệu Dynasty

Date Ruler Events Other people/events
King Triệu Vũ Vương (207 - 137 BC)
King Triệu Văn Vương (137 - 122 BC)
King Triệu Minh Vương (122 - 115 BC)
King Triệu Ai Vương (115 - 112 BC)
King Triệu Dương Vương (112 - 111 BC)

Han domination

Date Ruler Events Other people/events
Thạch Đái (111 - 86 BC)
Chu Chương (86 - 75 BC)
Đặng Nhượng (8 - 23)
Nhâm Diên (29 - 33)
39 Tô Định (34 - 40) Trưng Sisters lead a rebellion against Han rule.

Trưng Sisters

Date Ruler Events Other people/events
43 Queen Trưng Nữ Vương (40 - 43) Han general Ma Yuan crushed the Trưng sisters.

Han to Liang domination

Anterior Lý Dynasty

Date Ruler Ruler Events Other people/events
544 Emperor Lý Nam Đế (544 - 548) Lý Bí proclaimed himself emperor and named the country Vạn Xuân.
545 Defeated by the Liang army under Trần Bá Tiên at Chu Diên and at the estuary of the Tô Lịch River, Lý Nam Đế fled to the Gia Ninh Citadel (in modern Việt Trì).
546 As the Gia Ninh Citadel collapsed, Lý Nam Đế retreated to Khuất Lạo Cave, reorganized his army and ceded his military authorities to General Triệu Quang Phục.
547 Triệu Quang Phục withdrew to defend Dạ Trạch swamp (Khoái Châu District).
548 Emperor Triệu Việt Vương (548 - 571) Emperor Lý Đào Lang Vương (548 - 555) After the death of Lý Nam Đế in Khuất Lão Cave, Triệu Quang Phục proclaimed himself Triệu Việt Vương. Trần Bá Tiên besieged several times but failed to toppled him.
550 Triệu Việt Vương defeated the Liang army and regained Vạn Xuân, building his capital at Long Biên. While Triệu Quang Phục led his forces against Trần Bá Tiên, Lý Thiên Bảo defended Dã Năng (now in Laos) and proclaimed himself Đào Lang Vương..
555 Lý Phật Tử succeeded Đào Lang Vương in military dominance.
557 Emperor Later Lý Nam Đế (555 - 602) Lý Phật Tử moved his troops eastward clashing with Triệu Việt Vương but the two sides came up with a truce and created a boundary between their territories.
571 Lý Phật Tử broke the truce and conquered an unpreparedness Triệu Việt Vương's domain. Lý Phật Tử now ruled the entire country and built the capital at Phong Châu.
602 The Sui army invaded Vạn Xuân forcing Later Lý Nam Đế to controversially decide to abdicate in exchange for peace and political stability in the region.

Sui to Tang domination

Ngô Dynasty

Date Ruler Ruler Events Other people/events
King Tiền Ngô Vương (939 - 944)
King Dương Bình Vương (944 - 950)
King Nam Tấn Vương (950 - 965) King Thiên Sách Vương (951 - 954)
12 Warlords (965 - 968):
Ngô Xương Xí, Ngô Lãm Công, Đỗ Cảnh Công, Phạm Phòng Át, Kiều Tam Chế, Nguyễn Thái Bình, Nguyễn Hữu Công, Nguyễn Lệnh Công, Kiều Lệnh Công, Lý Lãng, Trần Minh Công, Lã Tá Công

Đinh Dynasty

Date Ruler Events Other people/events
Emperor Đinh Tiên Hoàng (968 - 979)
Emperor Đinh Phế Đế (979 - 980)

Prior Lê Dynasty

Date Ruler Events Other people/events
981 Emperor Lê Đại Hành (980 - 1005) Lê Hoàn defeats a Song invasion.
982 Lê armies invade Champa and destroy its capital, Indrapura.
Emperor Lê Trung Tông (1005)
Emperor Lê Ngọa Triều (1005 - 1009)

Posterior Lý Dynasty

Date Ruler Ruler Events Other people/events
Emperor Lý Thái Tổ (1009 - 1028)
Emperor Lý Thái Tông (1028 - 1054)
Emperor Lý Thánh Tông (1054 - 1072)
1075 Emperor Lý Nhân Tông (1072 - 1127) Minor officials chosen by examination for the first time.
Emperor Lý Thần Tông (1127 - 1138)
Emperor Lý Anh Tông (1138 - 1175)
Emperor Lý Cao Tông (1176 - 1210) Emperor Lý Thẩm (1209)
Emperor Lý Huệ Tông (1211 - 1224) Emperor Lý Nguyên Vương (1214 - 1216)
Queen Lý Chiêu Hoàng (1224 - 1225)

Trần Dynasty

Date Ruler Events Other people/events
1258 Emperor Trần Thái Tông (1225 - 1258) First Mongol invasion repelled.
Emperor Trần Thánh Tông (1258 - 1278)
1285 Emperor Trần Nhân Tông (1278 - 1293) Second Mongol invasion defeated. Resistance led by Trần Hưng Đạo.
1288 Third Mongol invasion repelled.
Emperor Trần Anh Tông (1293 - 1314)
Emperor Trần Minh Tông (1314 - 1329)
Emperor Trần Hiến Tông (1329 - 1341)
1360 Emperor Trần Dụ Tông (1341 - 1369) Wars against Champa under Chế Bồng Nga (to 1390).
Emperor Hôn Đức Công (1369 - 1370)
Emperor Trần Nghệ Tông (1370 - 1372)
Emperor Trần Duệ Tông (1372 - 1377)
Emperor Trần Phế Đế (1377 - 1388)
Emperor Trần Thuận Tông (1388 - 1398)
Emperor Trần Thiếu Đế (1398 - 1400)

Hồ Dynasty

Date Ruler Events Other people/events
King Hồ Quý Ly (1400)
King Hồ Hán Thương (1401 - 1407)

Ming domination

Later Lê Dynasty

Date Ruler Ruler Events Other people/events
1428 Emperor Lê Thái Tổ (1428 - 1433) The country once again named Đại Việt.
Emperor Lê Thái Tông (1433 - 1442)
Emperor Lê Nhân Tông (1442 - 1459)
Emperor Lê Nghi Dân (1459 - 1460)
1483 Emperor Lê Thánh Tông (1460 - 1497) Hồng Đức legal code promulgated.
Emperor Lê Hiến Tông (1497 - 1504)
Emperor Lê Túc Tông (1504)
Emperor Lê Uy Mục (1504 - 1509)
Emperor Lê Tương Dực (1509 - 1516)
Emperor Lê Quang Trị (1516)
Emperor Lê Chiêu Tông (1516 - 1522) Emperor Lê Bảng (1518 - 1519)
Emperor Lê Do (1519)
Emperor Lê Cung Hoàng (1522 - 1527)

Mạc Dynasty

Restored Lê Dynasty

Tây Sơn Dynasty

Date Ruler Ruler Events Other people/events
1778 Emperor Thái Đức (1778 - 1793) Most of Nguyễn clan annihilated by the Tây Sơn.
1787 French missionary Pigneau de Behaine persuades French court to assist in restoration of the Nguyễn.
Emperor Quang Trung (1788 - 1792)
Emperor Cảnh Thịnh (1792 - 1802)

Nguyễn Dynasty

Date Ruler Events Other people/events
Emperor Gia Long (1802 - 1820)
Emperor Minh Mạng (1820 - 1841)
1845 Emperor Thiệu Trị (1841 - 1847) USS Constitution lands in Da Nang. A company of US Marines moves overland to Huế and rescues a French Bishop who had been captured by the Vietnamese. America's first combat involvement in Vietnam; 120 years later two battalions of US Marines will return to Vietnam via Da Nang.
1847 French vessels bombard Da Nang in response to persecution of Catholic missionaries.
Emperor Tự Đức (1847 - 1883)
Emperor Dục Đức (1883)
Emperor Hiệp Hòa (1883)
Emperor Kiến Phúc (1883 - 1884)
Emperor Hàm Nghi (1884 - 1885)
Emperor Đồng Khánh (1885 - 1889)
Emperor Thành Thái (1889 - 1907)
Emperor Duy Tân (1907 - 1916)
Emperor Khải Định (1916 - 1925)
Emperor Bảo Đại (1925 - 1945)

Republic

Date Ruler Events Other people/events
1976 President Tôn Đức Thắng (1976 - 1980) The National Assembly proclaims official unification of Vietnam as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Fourth National Party Congress. The Vietnamese Workers Party renamed the Vietnam Communist Party.
1977 Vietnam admitted to United Nations.
1978 Vietnam admitted to membership in the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (Comecon). Vietnam and the Soviet Union sign a 25-year "Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation."
President Nguyễn Hữu Thọ (1980 - 1981)
1982 Trường Chinh, Chairman of the State Council (1981 - 1987) Fifth National Party Congress.
1986 Sixth National Party Congress.
Võ Chí Công, Chairman of the State Council (1987 - 1992)
President Lê Đức Anh (1992 - 1997)
President Trần Đức Lương (1997 - 2006)
President Nguyễn Minh Triết (2006 - 2011)
President Trương Tấn Sang (2011 - present)

Notes

  1. Dao 1985
  2. Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, Issue 1
  3. ^ Timeline of the Hùng Vương era
  4. Đồng Đậu archaeological site
  5. Vietnam - HISTORY
  6. Gò Mun culture
  7. Cao Xuân Đỉnh 1969, pp. 126–130
  8. Lĩnh Nam chích quái
  9. Việt sử Thông giám cương mục.
  10. Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, Issue 4
  11. ^ Leadup to French Colonization.

References

  • Cao Xuân Đỉnh. Người anh hùng làng Dóng. NxbKHXH 1969.
  • Dao, T. T. 1985. Types of rice cultivation and its related civilization in Vietnam. East Asian Cultural Studies 24: 41—56.
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