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Timeline of Kosovo history

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Part of a series on the
History of Kosovo
Kosovo
Prehistory
Antiquity
Roman Kosovo
Medieval Kosovo
Ottoman Kosovo
20th Century
Contemporary
See Also

This is a timeline containing events regarding the history of Kosovo.

400 BC - 1300 AD

  • 4th century BC: The establishment of the Dardanian Kingdom.
  • 2nd century BC: The Roman Empire conquered Illyria in 168 BC. The Central Balkans was prior to the Roman conquest held by Illyrians, Thracians and Celts, while the Kosovo region was specifically inhabited by the Triballi, a Thracian tribe.
  • 87–27 BC: The Dardani settled in the southwest of Triballi area in 87BC. The Dardani were possibly a Thracian tribe of Illyrian influence. Dardanians were defeated by Gaius Scribonius Curio and the Latin language was soon adopted as the main language of the tribe as many other conquered and Romanized. Eastern Dardania was Thracian throughout Roman rule. The Thracian place names survives the Romanization of the region.
  • 2nd century AD:
    • Ulpiana (later Byzantine Justiniana Secunda) is founded, most likely during the rule of Trajan. It was settled by Roman legionaries of unknown descent. The Romans colonized and founded several cities in the region.
    • Florus and Laurus, Constantinopolitan twin brothers that worked as stonemasons, are killed together with 300 fellow Christians after building a Church on the site of a Greek temple in Ulpiana. They were proclaimed Christians martyrs.
    • According to Ptolemy, Dardania was already a separate unit at his time; Dardania becomes a separate province under Diocletian.
  • 284: Emperor Diocletian established Dardania into a separate province out of territory of Moesia Superior with its capital at Naissus (Niš). However, in Ptolemy's Geographia (written in the 2nd century), Dardania is a separate unit.
  • 4th century:
    • 325: Bishops from Dardania and Macedonia Salutaris attend the Council of Nicaea, to deal with the Arian heresy.
    • 343–344: Bishops from Dardania, New Epirus and Old Epirus attend the Council of Sardica.
  • 5th century:
    • Christianity begins to spread throughout the region.
    • 479: Ulpiana is destroyed. King Theodemir sent his son Theodoric the Great with 3,000 soldiers to destroy the city. when the Goth
  • 6th century:
    • 517: A "great barbarian incursion".
    • 518: Earthquake, destroying 24 strongholds in Dardania.
    • fl. 535–565: Emperor Justinian I (r. 527–565) restorated Ulpiana, naming it Justiniana Secunda after founding Justiniana Prima in 535.
    • Slavs are mentioned in the Balkans during Justinian I rule (527–565), when eventually up to 100,000 Slavs raided Thessalonica. The Balkans was settled with "Sclaveni", in relation to the Antes which settled in Eastern Europe. Large scale Slavic settlement in the Balkans begins in the early 580s. The Slavs lived in the Sklavinia (lit. Slav lands).
  • fl. 893–927: the church in Sočanica is, at latest, built during the reign of Bulgar Simeon I. It was in use in the 11th and 12th centuries according to grave finds. In the reign of Grand Prince Uroš II, the site was known as Sečenica and was defended from the Byzantines from the newly built fortress at Galič, protecting the bridge over Ibar and the road to Ras. The site draws continuity with municipium Dardanorum.
  • ca 960: Constantine VII writes the De Administrando Imperio, in which "Serbia" has the city of Dresneïk, among others, possibly modern Drsnik, in Metohija.
  • ca 1090: Serbian Grand Prince Vukan (r. 1083–1112) began raiding Byzantine territory, first in the vicinity of Kosovo.
  • 13th century:

1300 to 1399

See also: Timeline of Serbian history

1400–1499

  • 1402 Stefan Lazarevic (1402–1427) Despots of restored Serbia
  • 1402 Stefan Lazarevic, Prince (1389–1402), assumes title Despot Pomoravlje (river Morava basin)
  • 1402 He became the Despot of Serbia in 1402 after the Ottoman state temporarily collapsed following Timur's invasion of Anatolia with the Battle of Ankara, and in Stefan Lazarević
  • 1402 In the feud between Turkish vassal Djuradj Brankovic and his uncle Stevan Lazarevic (son of Prince Lazar) who later received the title of Byzantine despot, Djuradj II sided with Stevan. Due to Djuradj's support, Stevan defeated Turkish forces led by Djuradj Brankovic in the battle of Gracanica on Kosovo field (21 June 1402) (.
  • 1402 when chaos reigned in the Ottoman Empire following the defeat of Sultan Bayezid I in 1402 in the Battle of Ankara by the Mongol warlord Timur (Tamerlane). Although Mehmed Çelebi was confirmed as sultan by Tamerlane, his brothers refused to recognize his authority. Ottoman Interregnum The capture of Bayezid I threw the Turks into disorder. The state fell into a civil war which lasted from 1402 to 1413, as Bayezid's sons fought over succession. It ended when Mehmed I emerged as the sultan and restored Ottoman power, bringing an end to the Interregnum. Ottoman Empire
  • 1403 proclaimed Belgrade his capital. He built a fortress with a citadel which was destroyed during the Great Turkish War in 1690; only the Despot Stefan Tower remains today. Stefan Lazarević
  • 1404 Stefan Tvrtko II Tvrtkovic Bosnian rule
  • 1406 Battle of Despotovac in Despotovac (Serbians led by Stefan Lazarević defeat Ottomans of Musa Çelebi) After the battle, Serbia had peace with the Ottomans for a long time.
  • 1408, After John's death in 1408, the Emperor Manuel II Palaeologus gave Thessalonica under the rule of his son Despot Andronicus who was ailing and weakling and could do nothing to strengthen the main city in Macedonia – second of importance in all the empire. Ohrid Archbishopric. In their conquests, they showed tolerance towards the Christian faith
  • 1409 Stefan Ostoja (1409–1418), second reign
  • 1409 Stefan Tvrtko II Tvrtkovic Stephen Ostoja (restored) (1409–1418) House of Kotromanić
  • 1410 Lekë Dukagjini (1410–81) was born Lekë Dukagjini
  • 1412 After the battle of Angora in 1402, Prince Stefan took advantage of the chaos in the Ottoman state. In Constantinople he received the title of despot, and upon returning home, having defeated Brankovic's relatives he took control over the lands of his father. Despite frequent internal conflicts and his vassal obligations to the Turks and Hungarians, despot Stefan revived and economically consolidated the Serbian state, the center of which was gradually moving northward. Under his rule Novo Brdo in Kosovo became the economic center of Serbia where in he issued a Law of Mines in 1412
  • 1412 Widow Mara Brankovic with sons (1397–1412) Kosovo
  • 1412 Mosque of Suziut # 1412–1413
  • 1412 Name is Suziut Renovated in 1995 Built in (1412/1413) Questionable if this is corrent.
  • 1412 Stefan Lazarević Under his rule, he issued a Code of Mines in 1412 in Novo Brdo, the economic center of Serbia. In his legacy, Resava-Manasija monastery (Pomoravlje District), he organized the Resava School, a center for correcting, translating, and transcribing books.
  • 1413 After the Ottoman Interregnum, when Mehmed stood as victor in 1413, he crowned himself sultan in Edirne.
  • 1413 Musa Çelebi was killed 5 July 1413 in Bulgaria.
  • 1413 The Interregnum lasted until 1413, when Mehmed Çelebi emerged as victor in the strife, crowned himself sultan, and restored the empire. Ottoman Interregnum
  • 1415 possible submission of kastriot of Albania
  • 1415, Wallachia accepted the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire; this lasted until the 19th century, albeit with brief periods of Russian occupation between 1768 and 1854 Walachia
  • 1417, Ottoman forces captured Vlora and then Gjirokastra. But their grip on the country was weak, and Albania had not yet given up
  • 1418 Stephen Ostojić (1418–1421) House of Kotromanić
  • 1421 Stefan Ostojic (1418–1421)
  • 1421 Tvrtko II (restored) (1421–1443) House of Kotromanić
  • 1422 the new Turkish sultan Murad II laid a long and heavy siege to Thessalonica which at the end left its inhabitants without any hope for salvation. Next summer Despot Andronicus and the municipality of Thessalonica decided to commit the government of the town to the Venitians hoping that they Would help against the merciless foes. But the Venitians too acted inconsistently and hesitatingly – they could neither defense the town effectively nor rule it properly and gradually they antagonized the inhabitants of Thessalonica.
  • 1422, began the Siege of Thessalonika and Constantinople.Siege of Thessalonica (1422–1430) Siege of Thessalonika (1422)
  • 1427 Djuradj Brankovic (1427–1456) Despots of restored Serbia
  • 1427 Stefan LazarevićStefan Lazarević died suddenly in 1427, leaving the throne to his nephew Đurađ Branković.
  • 1430 but were later recovered by Murad II between the 1430s and 1450s.
  • 1430 the sultan's troops who had laid a passive siege till now started a direct assault against the town to capture it. Three days later Thessalonica was taken by the Turks and thus the whole Macedonia was conquered.
  • 1439 the Ottomans captured Smederevo, the Branković's capital. Đurađ Branković
  • 1443 Tvrtko II (restored) (1421–1443) House of Kotromanić END
  • 1443, the Ottoman army was defeated, at the Serbian town of Niš, by a crusade under a multi-national leadership which included the Hungarian hero János Hunyadi. At this point Skanderbeg, an Albanian nobleman who had been trained as a soldier in the Ottoman army, raised a rebellion from his family seat at Kruja.
  • 1444 Battle of Varna 1444
  • 1448 Battle of Kosovo (1448)
  • 1453 Fall of Constantinople in 1453.
  • 1455 Kërëk Mosque 1455 Kërëk Xhamia 1455
  • 1455 Mosque of Xhumasë # 1455
  • 1455 The Holy Archangels church, however, due to its ill-fated destiny, was destroyed when Prizren fell under Turkish domination in 1455
  • 1455 The Ottomans occupied Prizren on 21 June 1455, and that is when the oriental urban development of Prizren began
  • 1455 Kosovo was part of the Ottoman Empire from 1455 to 1912, at first as part of the eyalet of Rumelia, and from 1864 as a separate province (vilayet).
  • 1455, it was finally and fully conquered by the Ottoman Empire.
  • 1456 Lazar Brankovic (1456–1458) Despots of restored Serbia
  • 1456 Siege of Belgrade, 1456
  • 1458 Stefan Brankovic and Helen Palaiologos, Regency (1458–1459) Despots of restored Serbia
  • 1459 Stefan Tomasevic (1459) Despots of restored Serbia
  • 1459 Serbia proper was annexed by the Ottoman Empire in 1459.
  • 1459 Serbia was beaten by the Turks,
  • 1471 a dependent Serbian state was established by the Hungarians mostly on the territory of Vojvodina and Syrmia.
  • 1496 the small Serbian territories of Bosnia and Montenegro were lost by 1496

1500–1599

1600–1699

1700–1799

1800–1899

1900–1999

  • 1912 – The Balkan Wars: the Kingdom of Serbia gains control of the larger part of Kosovo from the Turks (the smaller section going to Kingdom of Montenegro), recognised by 1913 Treaty of London. Within Serbia, the regions of the former vilayet are split into three minor subunits with only one part baring the name of Kosovo.
  • 1914: The Battle of Cer marks the First Allied Victory in the War, as the Serbian First Army under field marshal Stepa Stepanović pushes the Austro-Hungarian Army across the Drina and Sava rivers, expelling them from the Kingdom of Serbia. Serbia suffers 16,000 casualties, compared to 30,000 Austro-Hungarian casualties in this part of the Serbian Campaign.
  • 1918: Serbia's absorption of Montenegro followed by its unification with the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs to form the first incarnation of Yugoslavia takes the territories of Kosovo with it into the new entity (ratified in various treaties throughout 1919 and 1920).
  • 7 April 1939: During World War II, the majority of Kosovo was part of the Italian occupation of Albania.
  • September 1943: Kosovo becomes part of Nazi German occupied Albania.
  • 1944: The Democratic Federal Yugoslavia is created with the national boundary with Albania precisely as it had been prior to World War II.
  • 1946: Kosovo as a political unit resurfaces for the first time since 1912. Now named the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija, the new entity exists as an autonomous region within the Socialist Republic of Serbia but it only occupies a fraction of the territory which had been Kosovo prior to 1912: whilst a part of the former vilayet remained within Central Serbia, the other lands were placed in the newly created Yugoslav republics of Montenegro and Macedonia (both outside of and equal partners to Serbia).
  • 1963: As a result of the new constitution, the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is announced. Kosovo sees an increase in the level of self-rule.
  • 1971: A higher level of autonomy is devolved to Kosovo's authorities.
  • 1974: Kosovo becomes the Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo, now arguably equal to the republics of Yugoslavia as Serbia no longer has direct authority over Kosovo.
  • 1987 (24 April): As animosity between Serbs and Albanians in Kosovo had deepened during the 1980s, Slobodan Milošević was sent to address a crowd of Serbs in Kosovo Polje.
  • 1989 - Slobodan Milošević drastically reduced Kosovo’s special autonomous status within Serbia and started cultural oppression of the ethnical Albanian population
  • 1989 (June 28th) - Slobodan Milošević led a mass celebration with hundreds of thousands (almost one million) Serbs in Gazimestan on the 600th anniversary of a 1389
  • 1990 (July 2nd) – The (self-declared) Kosovo parliament declared Kosovo a republic in Yugoslavia
  • 22 September 1991: – The (self – declared) parliament declared Kosovo an independent country, The Republic of Kosovo
  • 1992 (May) – Ibrahim Rugova was elected president, during its run the Republic of Kosovo was recognized only by Albania, it was formally disbanded in 2000 after the Kosovo War
  • 1996–1999: Clashes between the KLA and the security forces of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia intensify to become a full-scale war.
  • 10 June 1999: The Kosovo War comes to an end and Kosovo becomes a UN governed province under UNSC Resolution 1244, which is controlled by the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo.

2000 onwards

  • 2001 – The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe OSCE supervised the first elections in the Kosovo Assembly and elected Ibrahim Rugova as president and Bajram Rexhepi as prime minister
  • 2004 (October) – Wide Kosovo elections were held which resulted in Ramush Haradinaj becoming prime minister, while Ibrahim Rugova retained his position as president
  • 21 January 2006: Ibrahim Rugova, former President of Kosovo dies succeeded by Fatmir Sejdiu
  • 2006 (July) - First direct talks since 1999 between ethnic Serbian and Kosovar leaders on future status of Kosovo take place in Vienna.
  • 2007 (February) - United Nations envoy Martti Ahtisaari unveils a plan to set Kosovo on a path to independence, which is immediately welcomed by Kosovo Albanians and rejected by Serbia.
  • 2007 (November 17th) – Parliamentary elections were held which resulted in Hashim Thaçi becoming prime minister and Fatmir Sejdiu as president. Hashim Thaçi stated his intention to declare the independence of Kosovo
  • 16 February 2008: The European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo is formed which slowly replaced UNMIK.
  • 17 February 2008: Kosovo declares independence from Serbia.
  • 15 April 2008: The Government of Kosovo adopts the "Constitution of Kosovo".
  • 15 August 2008: Serbian Foreign Minister Vuk Jeremić officially filed a request at the United Nations seeking opinion of the International Court of Justice.
  • 8 October 2008: The United Nations General Assembly adopts the Serbian proposal with 77 votes in favour, 6 votes against and 74 abstentions.
  • 21 January 2009: The Kosovo Security Forces is formed, a 2,500 strong NATO trained lightly armoured Security Force.
  • 21 April 2009: The ICJ announced that 35 member states of the United Nations had filed written statements within the time-limit fixed by the court (17 April 2009) on the question of the legality of Kosovo's UDI.
  • 29 June 2009: Kosovo becomes a full member of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund.
  • 22 July 2010: International Court of Justice votes 10–4 in a non-binding advisory opinion that Kosovo's declaration of independence did not violate international law.
  • 2011 (February 22nd - March 30th) - Behgjet Pacolli becomes president after winning narrow majority in third round of voting in parliament. Hashim Thaçi is re-appointed as prime minister.
  • 2011 - President Pacolli steps down after the high court rules parliament had not been in quorum during his election. Parliament elects senior police officer Atifete Jahjaga to be Kosovo's first female president in April.

See also

References

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