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KMSP-TV, channel 9, is the Fox owned-and-operated television station serving the Minneapolis-Saint Paul, Minnesota television market. The station owned by the Fox Television Stations division of News Corporation, in a duopoly with MyNetworkTV owned-and-operated station WFTC (channel 29). Its studios are located in Eden Prairie, and the station's transmitter is located in Shoreview, Minnesota. Syndicated programing on KMSP-TV includes The Wendy Williams Show, TMZ on TV, Judge Alex and Access Hollywood.
The station is also carried in Canada on Shaw Cable's Thunder Bay, Ontario system and on Manitoba Telecom Services (MTS) in the province of Manitoba.
History
Early history
The station grew out of an AM station, KEYD (AM 1440, now KDIZ), with which it was co-owned until mid-1956. After the FCC opened up bidding for the channel 9 license, WLOL and WDGY also expressed interest. However, they withdrew their applications at the last minute, assuring that the new station would go to KEYD and its owner, Family Broadcasting. KEYD-TV began broadcasting on January 9, 1955 and was affiliated with the DuMont Television Network. DuMont shut down in late 1955, leaving the station as an independent outlet. When Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer purchased a minority (25 percent) but controlling stake in the station in 1956, the news department was shut down and Reasoner was hired by CBS. Reasoner became an anchor for CBS's 60 Minutes when it debuted in 1968.
The station changed its calls to KMGM-TV in 1956, to go along with its new minority owner. National Telefilm Associates, which later purchased WNTA-TV in the New York City area, purchased 75 percent of the station not owned by MGM in 1957. A year later, NTA bought MGM's stake and changed channel 9's calls to the current KMSP-TV. KMSP was sold to United Television (at the time 20th Century Fox's broadcasting division) the following year. During its early years until 1972, the station's studios and offices were located in a lower level of the Foshay Tower in downtown Minneapolis; the transmitter was located on top of the tower, the tallest structure in the area until 1971, along with channels 4 and 11.
As an ABC affiliate
In 1961, KMSP-TV took over the ABC affiliation from WTCN-TV (channel 11, now KARE). Throughout its years with ABC, KMSP was notorious for having a sub-standard news department with large staff turnover. Ratings were dismal with KMSP obtaining only one-third of the viewing audience of each of their two competitors, CBS affiliate WCCO-TV (channel 4) and NBC affiliate KSTP-TV (channel 5). The station's transmitter was moved in 1971 to a new tower constructed by KMSP in Shoreview, while the studios and offices relocated in 1972 to Edina on York Avenue South, across from Southdale Shopping Center.
In the late 1970s, ABC steadily rose to first place in the network ratings. Accordingly, the network sought to upgrade its slate of affiliates, which were made up of some stations that either had poor signals or poorly-performing local programming. In early 1977, ABC warned KMSP that it would yank its affiliation unless improvements were made and fast. Ratings improved by 1977 when ABC went from being the last-place network to being the first. To cash in, KMSP re-branded itself "ABC9" (approximately 20 years before the use of a network's name in a station's on-air branding became commonplace among U.S. affiliates), and retooled its newscast. KMSP's news department was still a distant third behind WCCO-TV and KSTP-TV. That same year, Chris-Craft Industries purchased a minority stake in United Television's parent 20th Century Fox.
Becoming an independent once again
On August 29, 1978, ABC announced that KSTP-TV would become the network's new Twin Cities affiliate. The signing of channel 5 made nationwide news, as it had been an NBC affiliate for three decades. KSTP-TV looked forward to affiliating with the top network, as third-place NBC had been in a long ratings slump. In retaliation for losing ABC, KMSP-TV immediately removed all ABC branding and regularly preempted network programming. Channel 9 then attempted to affiliate with NBC, thinking The Tonight Show with Johnny Carson would be a good lead-out from their 10 p.m. newscast, despite low prime time ratings. However, NBC, miffed at losing one of its strongest affiliates, and not wanting to pick up ABC's rejects, turned down KMSP's offer almost immediately and signed an affiliation agreement with independent station WTCN-TV. As a result of being rejected by both ABC and NBC, KMSP-TV prepared to become an independent station. It would also be freed up from investing as heavily in their meager news department. Most of the on-air and off-air staffers resigned, not wanting to work for a down-scaled independent operation.
The affiliation switch occurred on March 5, 1979, and KMSP debuted its new independent schedule featuring cartoons, syndicated shows and even the locally-based American Wrestling Association, with much of the station's programming having been acquired from WTCN-TV. The station rebranded itself as "Receptive Channel 9", and became quite aggressive in acquiring programming, obtaining broadcast rights to several state high school sports championships from the MSHSL, the NHL's Minnesota North Stars and the Minnesota Twins baseball team.
As it turned out, KMSP's transition into an independent station turned out to be a blessing in disguise. It was far more successful than the station ever had been as an ABC affiliate. It became a regional superstation, available on nearly every cable system in Minnesota as well as large portions of North Dakota, South Dakota, Iowa and Wisconsin. Over time, it became one of the most successful and profitable independent stations in the country. In 1981, KMSP went through another ownership change when United Television became partly owned by BHC Communications as the result of Chris-Craft Industries' swap of its then-20% stake in 20th Century Fox for a 19% ownership stake in United Television. Two years later, Chris-Craft Industries gained majority control of United Television.
First Fox affiliation, then back to independent
Channel 9 remained a independent station through 1986, when it became one of the original charter affiliates of the newly-launched Fox network. However, Fox only aired programming two days a week, so KMSP was still essentially programmed as an independent station. This suited channel 9, as it wanted the prestige of being a network affiliate without being tied down to a network-dominated program schedule. For its first few years with Fox, the station served as the network's de facto affiliate for the entire state of Minnesota.
However, the station did not remain a Fox affiliate for long. By 1988, KMSP was one of several Fox affiliates nationwide that were disappointed with the network's weak programming offerings, particularly on Saturday nights, which were bogging down KMSP's otherwise successful independent lineup. The station started preempting and time-shifting network shows, much to Fox's irritation. After an ultimatum by the network to run the full schedule in pattern, Fox signed an agreeement with KITN (channel 29, now WFTC) to become its new Twin Cities affiliate, and KMSP reverted to being an independent station full-time. In 1992, the station relocated to its current studio facilities on Viking Drive in Eden Prairie. Along with the other United Television stations, KMSP carried programming from the Prime Time Entertainment Network from 1993 to 1995.
As a UPN affiliate
By the early 1990s, Fox had exploded in popularity; it had began carrying strong shows that were starting to rival the program offerings of the "Big Three" networks, and had just picked up the broadcast rights to the NFL's National Football Conference. In response to this, in late 1994, Chris-Craft/United Television partnered with Paramount Pictures (which was acquired by Viacom that year) to form the United Paramount Network (UPN) and both companies made independent stations that both companies respectively owned in several large and mid-sized U.S. cities charter stations of the new network.
UPN launched on January 16, 1995, with channel 9 becoming a UPN owned-and-operated station due to Chris-Craft/United's ownership stake in the network – making it the second network-owned station in the Twin Cities (alongside CBS-owned WCCO). Over time, KMSP became one of UPN's most successful affiliates in terms of viewership. In addition, the station was still enjoying success with local sports programming featuring the Minnesota Twins, as well as the MSHSL championships. KMSP was stripped of its status as a UPN owned-and-operated station in 2000, after Viacom exercised a contractual clause to buy out Chris-Craft's stake in the network, although the station remained with UPN as an affiliate for another two years.
Return to Fox as an owned-and-operated station
KMSP and several other stations owned by Chris-Craft were sold to Fox Television Stations in 2001 (this brought KMSP, along with San Antonio's KMOL-TV and Salt Lake City's KTVX, back under common ownership with 20th Century Fox). An affiliation swap was expected once the station's affiliation agreement with UPN ran out in 2002. Besides Fox's presumed preference to have its programming on a station that it already owned, KMSP's signal was much stronger than that of WFTC, it was a VHF station that had been on the air much longer than UHF outlet WFTC, and KMSP had an established news department whereas WFTC's news department did not begin operations until April 2001. The move was made easier when Fox bought WFTC from Clear Channel Communications in July 2001, in a trade deal with KTVX and KMOL (now WOAI-TV).
The affiliation switch occurred on September 8, 2002 (accompanied by a "Make the Switch" ad campaign that was seen on both stations), as Fox programming returned to KMSP-TV after a 14-year absence, while WFTC took the UPN affiliation; KMSP was the only former Chris-Craft station that was acquired by Fox that did not to retain its UPN affiliation. The station began carrying Fox's entire programming schedule at that time, including the Fox Box children's block (which later returned to WFTC as 4KidsTV, until the block was discontinued by Fox in December 2008 due to a dispute with 4Kids Entertainment). The affiliation swap coincided with the start of the 2002 NFL season; KMSP effectively became the primary station for the NFL's Minnesota Vikings as a result of Fox holding the broadcast rights to the NFC football conference.
Since Fox has affiliates in most media markets and the Federal Communications Commission's syndication exclusivity regulations normally require cable systems to only carry a given network's local affiliate, KMSP was eventually removed from most cable providers in northern and western Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Iowa and Wisconsin and effectively lost the "regional superstation" status it had held since it was an independent station. Due to the advent of digital television, many stations in smaller markets previously served by KMSP began operating UPN-affiliated digital subchannels towards the end of the network's run to replace that network's programming in those markets.
Digital television
Digital channels
Channel | Video | Aspect | Name | Programming |
---|---|---|---|---|
9.1 | 720p | 16:9 | KMSP-HD | Main KMSP-TV programming / Fox |
9.3 | 480i | Movies! (effective May 27, 2013) | ||
29.2 | 480i | 4:3 | WFTC-SD | SD simulcast of co-owned WFTC-TV |
In November 2009, KMSP began broadcasting a standard definition simulcast of WFTC on its second subchannel (virtual channel 29.2), with WFTC's adding a standard definition simulcast of KMSP on its second subchannel (virtual channel 9.2) in turn. This ensures reception of both stations, even in cases where the digital channels that KMSP and WFTC operate are not actually receivable.
Analog-to-digital conversion
KMSP-TV originally broadcast its digital signal on UHF channel 26, which was remapped as virtual channel 9 on digital television receivers through the use of PSIP. The station shut down its analog transmitter on June 12, 2009 as part of the digital television transition, and moved its digital broadcasts back to VHF channel 9.
News operation
KMSP presently broadcasts a total of 41 hours of locally produced newscasts each week (with 6½ hours on weekdays, four hours on Saturdays and 4½ hours on Sundays); in regards to the number of hours devoted to news programming, it is the highest local newscast output of any television station in Minneapolis and the state of Minnesota. KMSP's Saturday and Sunday 5 p.m. newscasts are subject to preemption due to network sports coverage, as is standard with Fox stations that carry early evening weekend newscasts.
The station (along with KDFW/Dallas-Fort Worth, KSAZ-TV/Phoenix, WTVT/Tampa-St. Petersburg and WTTG/Washington, D.C.) are the only Fox-owned stations that have a newscast in the traditional late news timeslot (in the case of KMSP-TV, since the station is located in the Central Time Zone, at 10 p.m.); the station is also one of three owned by Fox that does not carry a midday newscast (along with WFXT/Boston, WNYW/New York City and WOFL/Orlando) and one of five that has a 5 p.m. newscast, but no 6 p.m. newscast (along with KTBC/Austin, WHBQ/Memphis and KRIV/Houston).
When KMSP signed on as KEYD-TV in 1955, Harry Reasoner served as the station's first anchor and news director. When the station lost its ABC affiliation in 1979, the station's 10 p.m. news program became a stripped-down evening newscast that was moved to 9:30 p.m., before moving to 9 p.m. and expanding to a full hour by 1981. After purchasing KMSP, Fox Television Stations began investing heavily in the station, creating channel 9's strongest news operation ever (the station even continued to produce a 10 p.m. newscast for sister station WFTC until 2006). Today, the station's 9 p.m. newscast often draws better ratings than the newscasts on KSTP-TV, which obtained the ABC affiliation from KMSP thirty years before the Fox purchase. Over time, the station gradually expanded its news programming with the debut of a 10 p.m. newscast in 2006 and the addition of an hour-long newscast at 5 p.m. in September 2008.
On June 16, 2006, during one of the station's newscasts, KMSP broadcast a "video news release" about convertibles produced by General Motors. The narrator, Medialink publicist Andrew Schmertz, was introduced as reporter André Schmertz. On March 24, 2011, the Federal Communications Commission levied a $4,000 fine against KMSP for airing the video news release without disclosing the corporate source of the segment to its viewers, following complaints filed by the Free Press and The Center for Media and Democracy in 2006 and 2007.
On May 11, 2009, KMSP became the second television station/the Minneapolis-St. Paul market to begin broadcasting its local newscasts in high definition (after KARE-TV, which began broadcasting HD newscasts in 2006). On September 14, 2009, KMSP expanded its morning newscast to 5½ hours from 4:30-10 a.m., with the added 9 a.m. hour titled as Fox 9 Buzz (KMSP was one of several Fox-owned stations to expand their morning newscasts into the 9 a.m. hour that month, following the cancellation of The Morning Show with Mike & Juliet). Jeff Passolt and Robyne Robinson, who primarily anchored the 9 p.m. newscast, were the longest-running anchor team in the Twin Cities, according to the station – anchoring together for 14 years until Robinson left KMSP on May 11, 2010 after a 20-year run at the station.
Awards
The station is noted for having a number of Emmy-winning photojournalists and reporters. Its newscasts have been nationally honored with the prestigious Edward R. Murrow Award for Best Newscast and Spot News Coverage, in addition to awards for Investigative Reporting, and Videography. In October 2007, KMSP won 17 Emmys, along with one Emmy for its sister station WFTC; among the Emmys were wins for Best Website, several for investigative reports, along with several Emmys for advertisements such as the "Wake Up With Fox 9" and "Jeff & Robyne" image campaign spots.
In October 2008, KMSP won 17 Emmys, along with four Emmys for its sister station WFTC; including wins for advertisements for myfoxhockey.com, foxhilitestwincities.com, the "Stay Connected with Fox 9" image campaign, and best online marketing initiative for Family Guy Photos at the Fair. Sister station WFTC won multiple Emmys for its "Twins on My29 Pinball" promos, and its generic composite ads. In September 2011, KMSP won 12 Emmys, including awards for Station Excellence, Best Daytime Newscast and Best Evening Newscast; sister station WFTC also picked up two more for commercials.
News/station presentation
Newscast titles
- On Top Of The News (1955–1956)
- Report to Minnesota (1956–1958)
- Bill Ingram News (1958–1961)
- Bob Allard News (1961–1962)
- The Big News (1962–1964)
- Fahan-Steer News (1964–1969)
- Eyewitness News (1969–1973)
- Newsnine (1973–1978)
- Newswatch (1978–1979)
- Prime Time News (1979–1991)
- Minnesota 9 News/Minnesota 9 Tonight (1991–1999)
- 9 News (1999–2002)
- Fox 9 News (2002–present)
- Fox 9 News: Morning Buzz (9:00 a.m. newscast; 2009–present)
Station slogans
- "ABC Has Moved to 9!" (1961)
- "Channel 9, Your Eyewitness News Headquarters" (1969–1973)
- "Good Movie Time on KMSP-9" (1971–1974)
- "Your Newsnine station" (1973–1978)
- "NewsNine: You Just Watch" (1973–1975)
- "Join the Boyett-Bremen Fan Club" (1974)
- "NewsNine: Keep on Watchin"' (1975–1977)
- "ABC-9" (1978)
- "We're Receptive" (1979–1984)
- "The Twin Cities' #1 Prime Time News" (1984–1991)
- "We've Gone Hollywood" (1984)
- "The Movie Tube" (1984)
- "Minnesota's Receptive Channel 9 (1985–1991)
- "Minnesota 9 News: First in the Twin Cities" (1991–1999)
- "9 News: It's About You" (1999-September 8, 2002)
- "Make the Switch" (September 8, 2002; used to promote the affiliation switch to Fox)
- "The Most Powerful Name in Local News" (2002–present; used on news promos)
- "Wake Up With Fox 9" (2002–present; used on morning news promos)
- "Stay Connected with Fox 9" (2008–present; general)
- "So Fox 9" (2008-present; using in promos)
News team
Current on-air staff
KMSP-TV's primary news anchors are Tim Blotz (Fridays and Saturdays at 5 and 9, and Fridays at 10 p.m.); Tom Butler (weekday mornings on Fox 9 Morning News from 6-9 a.m.); Heidi Collins (Sunday-Thursdays at 5, 9 and 10 p.m.); Tom Halden (weekday mornings on Fox 9 Morning News from 4:30-6 a.m. and Fox 9 News: Morning Buzz" from 9-10 a.m.); Alix Kendall (weekday mornings on Fox 9 Morning News from 6-9 a.m. and Fox 9 News: Morning Buzz" from 9-10 a.m.); Randy Meier (Monday-Thursdays at 5 and 10, and Fridays at 5 and 9 p.m.); Jeff Passolt (Sunday-Thursdays at 5 and 9 p.m.); Iris Perez (weekend mornings on Fox 9 Morning News); Karen Scullin (weekend mornings on Fox 9 Morning News); and Dawn Stevens (weekday mornings on Fox 9 Morning News from 4:30-6 a.m.).
The Fox 9 AccuWeather team includes chief meteorologist Ian Leonard (AMS Seal of Approval; CMOS-endorsed weathercaster; Sunday-Thursdays at 5, 9 and 10 p.m.); and meteorologists Steve Fazier (AMS Certified Broadcast Meteorologist Seal of Approval; Fridays and Saturdays at 5 and 9, and Fridays at 10 p.m.); Keith Marler (AMS Seal of Approval; weekday mornings on Fox 9 Morning News from 4:30-9 a.m. and Fox 9 News: Morning Buzz from 9-10 a.m.); and Cody Matz (weekday mornings on Fox 9 Morning News; starting June 10, 2013).
The station's sports team includes sports director Jim Rich (Sunday-Thursdays at 5, 9 and 10 p.m.), sports anchor Dawn Mitchell (Friday-Sundays at 5 and 9, and Fridays and Sundays at 10 p.m.; also sports reporter and fill-in anchor) and fill-in sports anchor Matt Montgomery (also sports producer).
The station's general assignment reporters are Leah Beno; Paul Blume; Jonathan Choe (weeknight reporter); Maury Glover; Bill Keller (also fill-in sports anchor); Laura Oaks (Friday and Saturday evening reporter); Rob Olson; Iris Perez; and Scott Wasserman. Specialty reporters are M.A. Rosko (weekday morning feature reporter), Kelsey Soby (weekday morning traffic reporter; also fill-in news and weather anchor) and Todd Walker (weekend morning feature reporter). Investigative reporters are Jeff Baillon (also fill-in anchor), Tom Lyden (also fill-in anchor) and Trish Van Pilsum).
Former on-air staff
- Christine Clayburg - weekend meteorologist
- Steve Doyle - anchor (1973–1979)
- Rod Grams - anchor
- Ed Harding - sports anchor (1977-1978; now at WCVB-TV/Boston)
- Don Harrison - anchor (1975–1979; later with Headline News; died 1998)
- Jack Horner - sports anchor (1950s; died in 2005)
- Bob Kurtz - occasional sports anchor, also Twins play-by-play announcer (1979–1986)
- Jason Matheson - anchor, co-host of Fox 9 Buzz
- Dave McLaughlin - weather anchor (1975–1978)
- John McNichol - reporter
- George Noory - news director (late 1970s; now host of Coast To Coast AM)
- Tony Parker - sports anchor (1955–1975)
- Hank Plante - reporter (1979–1980; went on to win five Emmys and a George Foster Peabody Award; now retired in Palm Springs, California)
- Ahmad Rashad - sports anchor (1978; now host of NBA Inside Stuff on NBA TV)
- Harry Reasoner - anchor (1950s; later with CBS and ABC; died in 1991)
- Robyne Robinson - anchor (1990–2010)
Broadcasting facilities
The KMSP TV Tower is located in Shoreview, Minnesota. KMSP owns the tower, which stands 1466 feet (446.8 m) tall, but shares it with sister station WFTC and the Twin Cities Public Television stations, KTCA and KTCI. Several FM stations are also on the tower: KQRS-FM, KXXR ("93X"), KTCZ ("Cities 97"), KTIS-FM, KSJN, KFXN-FM, KDWB, KEEY ("K102"), KMNB, and KZJK.
KMSP maintains an extensive network of translators that relay the station's signal throughout much of central and southern Minnesota.
List of translatorsCity | Callsign | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alexandria | K38AC-D 38 (Digital) | |||||||||
Bemidji | K30DK 30 | |||||||||
Brainerd | K48IF 48 | |||||||||
Frost | K27FI-D 27 (Digital) | |||||||||
Hackensack | K49CU 49 | |||||||||
Jackson | K23FO-D 23 (Digital) | |||||||||
Little Falls | K49KQ 49 | |||||||||
Olivia | K45FR 45 | |||||||||
Red Lake | K41LX-D 41 (Digital) | |||||||||
Redwood Falls | K19CV-D 19 | |||||||||
St. James | K14KE-D 14 | |||||||||
Wadena | K33KC 33 | |||||||||
Walker | K21HX-D 21.1 (Digital) | |||||||||
K25JZ 25 | ||||||||||
Willmar | K48AH-D 48 (Digital) |
References
- National Television Academy Upper Midwest Chapter list of Upper Midwest Emmy Awards
- Your Newsnine Station: The saga of KMSP-TV Minneapolis - St. Paul in the 1970s
- Minnesota TV Translators and Satellite Channels - Northpine.com
- Center for Media and Democracy
- FCC Listing of All Low Power, Full Power, and Translators, both Analog and Digital.
- Historical reference to KEYD-TV and AM, Pavek Museum Of Broadcasting.
- Historical reference to 1954 applications for TV channel 9 by WDGY Radio and WLOL Radio, Box Office Magazine, April 24, 1954, page 71
Notes
- http://web.archive.org/web/20031009145802/http://www.northpine.com/broadcast/historical/msptv.txt
- "Television: New Voice on Channel 13". Time. May 19, 1958.
- "KMSP-TV Twin Cities joins ABC-TV, replaces WTCN." Broadcasting, January 30, 1961, pg. 9.
- "ABC-TV bags largest game yet in affiliation hunt: KSTP-TV." Broadcasting, September 4, 1978, pp. 19-20.
- "In Brief." Broadcasting, October 2, 1978, pg. 30
- WWF Champs - All Profiles
- "BHC Communications, Inc. Companies History". Company Histories. Funding Universe. 1997. Retrieved 2009-07-20.
- Susan, King (January 23, 1994). "Space, 2258, in the Year 1994". Los Angeles Times. p. 4. Retrieved June 25, 2009.
- Gunderson, Troy (6 September 2002). "Calling all surfers: Fox, UPN changing channels". Brainerd Dispatch. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
- List of Digital Full-Power Stations
- St. Louis Park Historical Society - Reasoner
- Would You Buy a Car From This Man? | Center for Media and Democracy
- FCC Levies Fines On KMSP, WMGM, TVNewsCheck, March 25, 2011.
- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QOEUOFvkPvM
- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rr8jgvXDy6s
- ^ , MyFoxTwinCities.com. Retrieved July 27, 2012.
- "Ed Harding bio". WCVB-TV. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
External links
- MyFoxTwinCities.com - Official KMSP-TV website
- My29TV.com - Official WFTC-TV Website
- Template:TVQ
- Template:BIA
- Historical KMSP footage at tcmedianow.com
- RabbitEars.info website - KMSP
- Your Newsnine Station: The saga of KMSP-TV Minneapolis - St. Paul in the 1970s
- Ken Wagner - KMSP-TV's legendary Grandpa Ken
- Photo of Harry Reasoner in 1955 with KEYD from the Minnesota Historical Society
- KEYD studio photo, Slim Jim’s Country Western Show
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These stations are owned by Mission Broadcasting but operated by Nexstar under an LMA. These stations are owned by Londen Media Group but operated by Nexstar under a TBA. Paramount Global and Warner Bros. Discovery still own a combined 25 percent stake in The CW, however the network is operated entirely by Nexstar. These stations are owned by Vaughan Media but operated by Nexstar under an LMA. TelevisaUnivision owns the licenses to these stations but the stations themselves are operated by Entravision Communications (of which the company owns a 10 percent stake) under an LMA. |
- Television stations in Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Fox network affiliates
- Fox Television Stations Group
- Channel 9 digital TV stations in the United States
- Television channels and stations established in 1955
- Major League Baseball over-the-air television broadcasters
- Prime Time Entertainment Network
- NTA Film Network
- Channel 9 virtual TV stations in the United States
- UPN network affiliates