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Romanian nationality law is based on the 1991 Romanian Citizenship law. It is based on the social policy of jus sanguinis (or "right of blood"), by which nationality or citizenship is not determined by place of birth, but by having an ancestor who is a national or citizen of the state. It contrasts with jus soli ("right of soil"). It does contain an element of jus soli in respect to foundlings: foundlings who are found in Romania are considered Romanian citizens until proven otherwise.
The law
From Law 21, Art. 5. – The children born from Romanian citizens on Romanian territory are Romanian citizens.
- Furthermore, Romanian citizens are also those:
- a) born on the Romanian territory, even if only one of the parents is a Romanian citizen;
- b) born abroad and both parents, or only one of them has a Romanian citizenship.
- The child found on Romanian territory is a Romanian citizen if none of the parents is known.
Romanian citizenship can also be acquired after 5 years of residence in the country and with a good knowledge of the Romanian language and culture.
The consequences of naturalization and restoration of Romanian nationality
Art. 10 of the Romanian nationality law stipulates that "Romanian nationality can be granted to the person who lost this nationality and requests its restoration, keeping his/her foreign nationality..." But having in mind that certain countries do no allow for multiple citizenship or, in the case that they do allow it, they provide for automatic loss of their citizenship at obtaining the nationality of another country through a voluntary decision (free choice), the Romanian state cannot guarantee that the foreign citizen keeps his/her foreign citizenship when restoring his/her Romanian nationality. E.g. a Belgian subject who restored his/her Romanian nationality before 9 June 2007 has ceased to be a Belgian subject since restoring his/her Romanian citizenship. The same applies to a Dutch subject who restored his/her Romanian nationality before 1 April 2003, as well as for a Dutch subject who has restored his/her Romanian nationality after 1 April 2003, but does not fulfill at least one of the three exceptions from automatically losing his/her Dutch nationality when voluntarily obtaining another nationality. This does not constitute a fault of the Romanian state, since "according to the Romanian Constitution and Art. 1, paragraph 3 of Law No. 21 of 1991 with the subsequent changes and additions, republished, the nationals of Romania enjoy the protection of the Romanian state — such provisions do not mention any duty of the Romanian state in respect to former and/or future Romanian nationals".
The same applies to people who get naturalized as Romanian nationals.
Citizenship of the European Union
Romanian citizens are also citizens of the European Union and thus enjoy rights of free movement and have the right to vote in elections for the European Parliament.
External links
- Ministry of Justice - National Authority on Citizenship
- Ministry of Justice - Law on Romanian Citizenship (in Romanian, English and French)
- Citizenship law
- Citizenship law updated Aug. 2010
References
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- Art. 5 of the Romanian nationality law, Law no. 21/1991 republished in 2010.
- http://www.romanianpassport.co.il/english/romanian-citizenship-law/
- I would like to acquire another nationality, Dutch Department of Foreign Affairs.
- Gratitude letter from the Nationality Service of the Romanian Justice Department.
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