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KDKA-TV, channel 2, is an owned-and-operated television station of the CBS Television Network, located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. KDKA-TV broadcasts from a transmitter located in the Perry North neighborhood of Pittsburgh, and its studios are located in downtown Pittsburgh at Gateway Center. The facility also houses WPCW (channel 19, Pittsburgh's CW affiliate).

Early history

DuMont origins

The station went on the air on January 11, 1949, as WDTV (W DuMont TeleVision) on channel 3, owned and operated by the DuMont Television Network. It was the 51st TV station in the U.S. and the third and last DuMont-owned station to go on the air, behind WABD (now WNYW) in New York City and WTTG in Washington, D.C. To mark the occasion, a live television special aired that day from 8:30pm to 11pm ET on WDTV. The show began with a one-hour local program broadcast from Syria Mosque in Pittsburgh. The remainder of the show featured live segments from DuMont, CBS, NBC, and ABC with Arthur Godfrey, Milton Berle, DuMont host Ted Steele, and many other celebrities.

The station also represented a milestone in the television industry, providing the first "network" that included Pittsburgh and 13 other cities from Boston to St. Louis. WDTV was one of the last stations to receive a construction permit before the Federal Communications Commission-imposed four-year freeze on new TV station licenses.

When the release of the FCC's Sixth Report and Order ended the license freeze in 1952, DuMont was forced to give up its channel 3 allocation to alleviate interference with nearby stations broadcasting on the frequency. WDTV moved its facilities to channel 2 on November 23, 1952. Shortly after moving, it was the first station in the country to broadcast 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, advertising that its 1:00-7:00 a.m. "Swing Shift Theatre" served the "200,000 workers who finish shift work at midnight." DuMont's network of stations on coaxial cable stretched from Boston to St. Louis. These stations were linked together via AT&T's coaxial cable feed with the sign-on of WDTV allowing the network to broadcast live programming to all the stations at the same time. Stations not yet connected to the coaxial cable received kinescope recordings via physical delivery.

Dealing with competition

Until the end of the freeze, WDTV's only competition came in the form of distant signals from stations in Johnstown, Altoona, Wheeling, West Virginia and Youngstown, Ohio. However, Pittsburgh saw two UHF stations launch during 1953 -- ABC affiliate WENS-TV (channel 16, later to become WINP-TV), and WKJF-TV (channel 53, later to become WPGH-TV), an independent. At the time, UHF stations could not be viewed without the aid of an expensive, set-top converter, and the picture quality was marginal at best with one. UHF stations in the area faced an additional problem because Pittsburgh is located in a somewhat rugged dissected plateau, and the reception of UHF stations is usually poor in such terrain. These factors played a role in both WKJF and WENS being short-lived.

Although Pittsburgh was the sixth largest market in the country (behind New York City, Chicago, Los Angeles, Philadelphia and Washington-Baltimore), the other VHF stations in town were slow to develop. This was because the major cities in the Upper Ohio Valley are so close together that they must share the VHF band. After the FCC lifted the license freeze in 1952, it refused to grant any new commercial VHF construction permits to Pittsburgh in order to give the smaller cities in the area a chance to get on the air. WDTV had a de facto monopoly on Pittsburgh television. Like its sister stations WABD and WTTG, it was far stronger than the DuMont network as a whole. According to network general manager Ted Bergmann, WDTV brought in $4 million a year, which was more than enough to keep the network afloat. Owning the only readily viewable station in such a large market gave DuMont considerable leverage in getting its programs cleared in large markets where it didn't have an affiliate. As CBS, NBC and ABC had secondary affiliations with WDTV, this was a strong incentive to stations in large markets to clear DuMont's programs or risk losing valuable advertising in the sixth-largest market. Also, NBC affiliates from Johnstown and Wheeling were able to be received in Pittsburgh and a CBS affiliate from Wheeling was also able to be received there as well.

WDTV aired all DuMont network shows live and "cherry-picked" the best shows from the other networks, airing them on kinescope on an every-other-week basis. WDTV's sign-on was also significant because it was now possible to feed live programs from the East to the Midwest and vice versa. In fact, its second broadcast was the activation of the coaxial cable linking New York and Chicago. It would be another two years before the West Coast received live programming, but this was the beginning of the modern era of network television.

Westinghouse enters

By 1954, DuMont was in serious financial trouble. Paramount Pictures, which owned a stake in DuMont, vetoed a merger with ABC who had merged with United Paramount Theaters, Paramount's former theater division, a year before. A few years earlier, the FCC had ruled that Paramount controlled DuMont and there were still lingering questions about whether UPT had actually broken off from Paramount. Paramount didn't want to risk the FCC's wrath.

Meanwhile, Pittsburgh-based Westinghouse Electric Corporation had been competing with local politicians to acquire the non-commercial channel 13 license from the FCC, as no other Pittsburgh-allocated VHF station would be signing on for the foreseeable future. After launching WBZ-TV in Boston in 1948 and purchasing two other TV stations, Westinghouse was growing impatient with not having a station in its own home market. Westinghouse later offered a compromise plan to the FCC, in which the Commission would grant Westinghouse the channel 13 license; Westinghouse would then "share" the facility with the educational licensee. Finding the terms unacceptable, Pittsburgh attorney Leland Hazard called Westinghouse CEO Gwilym Price to ask him if he should give up on his fight for public television. Price said that Hazard should keep fighting for it, giving Westinghouse backing for the station that would eventually become WQED.

Westinghouse then turned its attention to WDTV, offering DuMont a then-record $9.75 million for the station in late 1954. Desperate for cash, DuMont promptly accepted Westinghouse's offer. While the sale gave DuMont a short-term cash infusion, it eliminated DuMont's leverage in getting clearances in other major markets. Within two years, the DuMont network was no more. After the sale closed in January 1955, Westinghouse changed WDTV's call letters to KDKA-TV, after Westinghouse's pioneering radio station KDKA (1020 AM). As such, it became one of the few stations east of the Mississippi River with a "K" call sign.

As KDKA radio had long been an NBC affiliate (Westinghouse was a co-founder of RCA, NBC's then-parent company), it was expected that KDKA-TV would eventually become a primary affiliate of NBC television. But the network was seeking to purchase Westinghouse's Philadelphia stations, KYW radio and WPTZ (now KYW-TV). When Westinghouse balked, NBC threatened to pull its programming from WPTZ and Boston's WBZ-TV unless Westinghouse agreed to trade its Philadelphia properties for NBC's WTAM-AM-FM and WNBK in Cleveland. The decision would lead to an acrimonious relationship between Westinghouse and NBC in later years. Two years after the ownership change, channel 2 became a primary affiliate of the higher-rated CBS network instead. KDKA-TV retained secondary affiliations with NBC until WIIC-TV (channel 11, now WPXI) signed on in 1957, and ABC until WTAE-TV (channel 4) signed on in 1958. KDKA-TV became the flagship station of Westinghouse's broadcasting arm, Group W.The WDTV calls now reside on a CBS affiliate located 130 miles south in Weston, West Virginia, which is unrelated to the current KDKA-TV. That station, which signed on after KDKA-TV adopted its current call signs, did adopt those calls "in honor" of KDKA-TV. On November 22, 1963, newscaster Bill Burns provided almost 3 hours of live coverage after the shooting of President John F. Kennedy.

Over the years, channel 2 pre-empted moderate amounts of CBS programming. At one point, from the early 1960s to July of 1990, they were not clearing As The World Turns. At the same time, WTAJ-TV in Altoona did run the program and was viewable in the eastern part of the Pittsburgh market. Also, CBS affiliate WTRF-TV in Wheeling, West Virginia was viewable in Pittsburgh and to the west. Until 1978, the show ran on WPGH and for a few years after that it ran on WPTT. KDKA-TV also preempted the daytime game shows and reruns from CBS at various points in the 1970's. KDKA also produced plenty of local programs such as Evening Magazine, Pittsburgh Talks, and local news. The station also occasionally preempted prime time CBS programming for a syndicated movie, local news special, or sports during the years they had broadcast rights to Pittsburgh Pirates baseball and Pittsburgh Penguins hockey. Weekend pre-emptions included a small portion of Saturday and Sunday morning cartoons, and Sunday morning religious programs.

In 1993, KDKA stopped running CBS This Morning and instead ran Disney's syndicated cartoon block. Less than a year later, Westinghouse made a long-term deal with CBS to convert the entire five-station Group W television unit to a group-wide CBS affiliation. Part of this agreement included a deal to stop preempting any CBS Shows except for local news emergencies or local news events which would be effective in 1995. KDKA TV continued preempting moderate amounts of programming into 1995. In the fall of 1995, channel 2 began running the entire CBS lineup in pattern, as it, and sister station KPIX-TV in San Francisco, were already affiliated with the network.

In early 1996, Westinghouse acquired CBS, making KDKA-TV a CBS owned-and-operated station, after four decades as being simply a CBS affiliate. In 1997, Westinghouse became CBS Corporation, which would then merge with Viacom (ironically Paramount's parent since 1994) in 2000, making KDKA a sister station with Pittsburgh UPN (now The CW) affiliate WNPA-TV (now WPCW). Five years later Viacom became CBS Corporation and spun off a new Viacom. In 2001, KDKA-TV began producing a 10 p.m. newscast on UPN Pittsburgh. In 2005, it added a two-hour morning newscast in 2005 on WNPA. On September 1, 2010, KDKA-TV debuted the same graphics and music package that WCBS-TV, KYW-TV and KCBS-TV have. KDKA-TV is also available on cable in the Johnstown, Altoona, and Wheeling areas, as well as several other out-of-market cable systems in northwestern Pennsylvania, northwestern Maryland, northeastern Ohio, and North-Central West Virginia. The furthest south KDKA is carried on cable is in Beverly, West Virginia.

Image campaign

In August 2007, KDKA-TV revealed a new image campaign, entitled Your Home, with music and lyrics performed by singer-songwriter Bill Deasy. The promo features scenes of Pittsburgh and its surrounding areas, as well as three of the station's personalites. In September 2007, the station unveiled another promo featuring the Joe Grushecky song "Coming Home". Later, a third spot, "Long Way Home", was introduced, featuring the voice of Kelsey Friday.

Digital television

Digital channel

Analog-to-digital conversion

As part of the analog television shutdown and digital conversion, KDKA-TV shut down its analog transmitter on Friday, June 12, 2009, during the Late Show with David Letterman. On Tuesday June 16, 2009, KDKA-TV launched in HD during its noon broadcast, with a new set and weather center. Like rival WTAE, only the in-studio cameras are in HD while most of the content, including field reports and video footage, are in pillarboxed 4:3 standard definition. In July 2009 the station applied to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to have two repeater signals: channel 31 in Morgantown, West Virginia and channel 40 in Johnstown.

Programming

Local shows

• Hometown High-Q (2000- ): Saturdays at 11 a.m. - "quiz bowl" format show with three teams composed of local high school students
• #1 Cochran Sports Showdown (1998- ): Sundays at 11:35 p.m. – sports talk show
• KD/PG Sunday Edition: Sundays at 8:30 a.m.; public affairs programming
• The Lynne Hayes-Freeland Show: Sundays at 6 a.m.; public affairs programming
• Pittsburgh Today Live: 9:00 - 10:00 a.m. - Kristine Sorensen and Jon Burnett are the hosts, with Dennis Bowman for weather; local general interest program
• The Sunday Business Page: Sundays at 6:30 a.m.; public affairs
• Your Pittsburgh: 7:30 - 8:00 p.m. - Kimberly Gill and David Highfield host; entertainment program

KDKA-TV presently offers seven-and-a-half hours of live news each weekday, collectively, on channels 2 and 19 (WPCW). On Saturdays, news is broadcast four-and-a-half hours per day, and there is 90 minutes of news each Sunday.

Seasonal

• The Children's Hospital Free-Care Fund (1954- ) - (Holiday Season) - yearly pledge drive
• Hometown Holiday Lights - Series aired over the news. Contest between local families with Christmas displays at their residence.
• McDonald's Steeler Kickoff - (during the NFL season) - Sundays at 11:30 a.m. - Pittsburgh Steelers pre-game show hosted by Bob Pompeani and Edmund Nelson.
• Steelers Huddle (September 19, 2009 - ) - (during the NFL season) - Saturdays at 11:35 p.m. - Bob Pompeani and a rotating member of the Pittsburgh Steelers.
• Steelers Trivia Challenge (July 16, 2005 - ) - Saturdays at 11:35 p.m. - Bob Pompeani hosts a "quiz bowl" format, modeled after Hometown High-Q, with three teams composed of three Pittsburgh Steelers fans who answer team-related trivia questions. The show runs for 9 weeks (mid-July to mid-September).
• Verizon Extra Point - (during the NFL season) - Pittsburgh Steelers post-game show after CBS broadcasts, hosted by Bob Pompeani and Edmund Nelson.

Former

• Evening Magazine (August 1, 1977-October 12, 1990)
• Giant Eagle High School Sports Advantage
• The Jerome Bettis Show (September 12, 1998-February 4, 2006)
• The Hines Ward Show (September 2, 2006-January 31, 2009)
• Mario Lemieux Celebrity Golf Invitational
• Pittsburgh 2Day (1978-January 19, 1990)
• Pittsburgh Pirates baseball (1957–1994)
• Pittsburgh Penguins hockey (1989–1997)
• Wake Up With Larry Richert (1988–1990)

Ratings

As of May 2010, KDKA-TV is the most watched news station in the hours of noon, 4 p.m., 5 p.m., 6 p.m., and 11 p.m. However, WPXI is the most watched news program in the Pittsburgh area in the hours of 5 a.m., 6 a.m. and their 10 p.m. show on WPGH-TV.

Pittsburgh Steelers

Due to the CBS network having a broadcast contract with the NFL to show games involving AFC teams, KDKA-TV has been the official broadcaster of most Pittsburgh Steelers games since 1998, and serves as the team's flagship station. The team's preseason games that are not nationally televised are also shown on KDKA. KDKA began its relationship with the Steelers in 1962, when CBS first started the leaguewide television package. The Steelers are one of three AFC teams that predate the AFC's basis league, the American Football League, and so KDKA, and not WTAE-TV or WIIC-TV (now WPXI), carried Steelers road games (home games were blacked out locally under all circumstances until 1973, when sold-out home games began to be allowed on local television) - the AFL had TV contracts with ABC, and later, NBC.

Due to the NFL rules of the time, after the AFL-NFL merger, KDKA did not broadcast any Steelers games from 1970-72. Beginning 1973, KDKA was allowed to air any Steelers games in which they hosted a team from the National Football Conference, which contained most of the old-line National Football League teams. KDKA also broadcast two Steeler championship wins, Super Bowl X in 1976 and Super Bowl XIV in 1980. Since the Steelers have sold out every home game starting in 1972, no blackouts have been required. In the meantime, from 1970–97, channel 11 aired most Steelers games.

When the NFC package moved from CBS to Fox in 1994, WPGH-TV aired the Steelers games that had before aired on KDKA, leaving the senior station without Steelers games for four years. Today, and in general since 1970, the only exceptions to all the above are when the Steelers play at night. Their Monday Night Football games have always aired locally on WTAE, first when the ABC network had the rights, and since 2006, on ESPN. WTAE also aired simulcasts of their games aired as part of ESPN Sunday Night Football from 1987 to 2005. The NFL requires games on cable channels be simulcast over-the-air in the markets of the participating teams (again with the home team's broadcast subject to blackout). WTAE has simulcast ESPN-aired games because ESPN is 20% owned by WTAE's owners, Hearst Corporation - their ABC stations have right of first refusal for these simulcasts. Games on TNT and NFL Network have aired on various stations in the area.

On-air staff

Current on-air staff

Anchors

• Jennifer Antkowiak (1993–2006; 2009–present) - weekday mornings (4:30-7:00 on KDKA and 7:00-8:00 a.m. on WPCW)
• Rick Dayton (2009–present) - weekday mornings (4:30-7:00 and 7:00-8:00 a.m. on WPCW)
• Kimberly Gill (2011–present) - weekdays at noon and 4:00 p.m.; co-host of Your Pittsburgh
• Susan Koeppen (2011–present) - weeknights at 6:00 and 11:00 p.m.; Consumer Reporter
• Ken Rice (1994–present) - weeknights at 5:00, 10:00 (WPCW) and 11:00 p.m.
• Stacy Smith (1983–present) - weekdays at noon and 4:00 + weeknights at 6:00 p.m.; host of KD/PG Sunday Edition
• Kristine Sorensen (2003–present) - weeknights at 5:00 p.m.; host of Pittsburgh Today LIVE
• Brenda Waters (1985–present) – Saturday mornings (6:00-8:00 a.m.); also reporter
• Paul Martino (1984–present) – Saturdays at 6:00, Sundays at 6:30 and weekends at 10:00 (WPCW) and 11:00 p.m.; also reporter
• Trina Orlando (2008–present) – fill-in (Saturday mornings from 6:00-8:00 a.m.)

Weather team

• Dennis Bowman (2008–present) - AMS and NWA certified meteorologist: weekday mornings (4:30-7:00 on KDKA and 7:00-8:00 a.m. on WPCW) and weekdays at noon + co-host of Pittsburgh Today LIVE
• Jon Burnett (1982–present) - Saturday mornings (6:00-8:00 a.m.) and Saturdays at 6:00, Sundays at 6:30 and weekends at 10:00 (WPCW) and 11:00 p.m.; also hosts Pittsburgh Today Live
• Kristin Emery (2012-present) - AMS and NWA certified meteorologist
• Dave Trygar (2008–present) - AMS certified meteorologist (freelance/fill-in basis)
• Jeff Verszyla (1996–present) - chief meteorologist: weekdays at 4:00 and weeknights at 5:00, 6:00, 10:00 (WPCW) and 11:00 p.m.

Sports team

• Bob Pompeani (1982–present) - sports director, seen weekdays at 6:00, 10:35 (The Nightly Sports Call on WPCW) and 11:00 p.m.; also host of KDKA Sunday Sports Showdown
• Jory Rand (2008–present) - sports anchor/reporter, seen Saturdays at 6:00, Sundays at 6:30 and weekends at 10:35 (The Nightly Sports Call on WPCW) and 11:00 p.m.
• Mike Zappone (2007–present) - fill-in sports anchor/reporter/producer (various times)

Reporters

• Heather Abraham (2010–present)
• Bob Allen (2000–present)
• Sarah Arbogast (2011–present) - traffic/transportation reporter
• Dave Crawley (1988–present) - "KD Country" reporter
• Jon Delano (1994–present) - Money/Politics editor
• Kym Gable (2007–present) - freelance reporter (also a spokeswoman for Comcast)
• Marty Griffin (1998–2001; 2003–present) - KDKA Investigator
• Ross Guidotti (2001–present)
• Harold Hayes (1979–present)
• Lynne Hayes-Freeland (1977–present)
• David Highfield (1993–present) - co-host of Your Pittsburgh
• Ralph Iannotti (1982–present)
• Mary Robb Jackson (1980–present)
• Paul Martino (1984–present)
• Trina Orlando (2008–present) - Westmoreland County Bureau Chief
• Andy Sheehan (1992–present) - KDKA Investigator
• John Shumway (1988–present) - also on KDKA Radio
• Dr. Maria Simbra (2002–present)

Notable former on-air staff

• Susan Barnett - anchor (1999–2003); last at KYW in Philadelphia from (2006-2013).
• Bill Burns - anchor (1953–1989); died in 1997.
• Patti Burns - anchor/reporter (1974–1997); died in 2001.
• Don Cannon - anchor/reporter (1999–2008)
• Bill Currie - sports reporter (1971-1985), died February 11, 2008
• Donna Hanover - hosted Evening Magazine (1977–1980) and her first major market television experience. She later hosted the news in New York and married Rudy Giuliani, becoming First Lady of New York City, when Giuliani was twice elected as the city's mayor. She and Giuliani divorced and both remarried.
• Patrice King Brown - anchor and former Pittsburgh 2Day host (1978–2011); retired on January 28, 2011.
• Ron Klink - weekend anchor/reporter (1977–1991). Was elected as a United States Representative (D-PA), but lost his bid for the U.S. Senate. Now running a lobbying firm in Washington, D.C.
• Bob Kudzma - weatherman (1968-2002)
• Jim Lokay - Traffic and Transportation Reporter (2005-2011), now at WCVB in Boston.
• Vic Miles - weekend anchor/reporter (1966–1971), later worked at WCBS-TV (NYC); died October 12, 2011.
• Dennis Miller - contributor and guest host of Evening Magazine, got his first on air experience with KDKA.
• Paul Moyer - anchor/reporter (1971); later worked in Los Angeles at KNBC.
• Ron Olsen - reporter/talk show host (1976-1979) Later went to KTLA, Los Angeles, where he was awarded a Peabody for coverage of the Rodney King beating story; reported internationally on the O.J. Simpson trial for KTLA & Sky TV.
• Jay Scott - anchor (1976-1978); later went on to anchor at KTTV/L.A.
• Paul Steigerwald - sports reporter (1987–1998), later the play-by-play announcer for the Penguins on FSN Pittsburgh.
• Dick Stockton - sports reporter (1967–1971), play-by-play man for NFL on FOX.
• Brian Sussman - weatherman.
• Marie Torre - anchor/reporter (1962–1977); died January 3, 1997.
• Yvonne Zanos - long-time correspondent from the 1970s whose last position was as KDKA-TV's consumer reporter; died January 12, 2010, aged 60, from ovarian cancer.

References

1. "WDTV starts; DuMont outlet debuts in Pittsburgh." Broadcasting - Telecasting, January 17, 1949, pg. 32.
2. DuMont History website by Clarke Ingram
3. "Eyewitness: 1949 / TV makes Pittsburgh 'A New Promise'". Post-gazette.com. 2010-05-16. Retrieved 2011-03-29.
4. "WDTV channel switch." Broadcasting - Telecasting, December 8, 1952, pg. 72.
5. "We're Making Television History on WDTV," Sponsor, 24 March 1952, 7.
6. "NRC Convention 08'- Pittsburgh PA". Nrcdxas.org. Retrieved 2011-03-29.
7. Togyer, Jason. "Pittsburgh Radio & TV Online - Creating 'QED ... at DuMont's expense?". Pbrtv.com. Retrieved 2011-03-29.
8. "Westinghouse pays record to buy DuMont's WDTV (TV)." Broadcasting - Telecasting, December 6, 1954, pp. 27-28.
9. "WDTV (TV) Pittsburgh changes call to KDKA-TV." Broadcasting - Telecasting, January 31, 1955, pg. 73.
10. "Philadelphia circle is complete." Broadcasting, Aug. 3, 1964, pg. 23.
11. "Nine-year history of that trade in Philadelphia." Broadcasting, August 3, 1964, pg. 24-25.
12. "CBS signs KDKA-TV as basic affiliate." Broadcasting, April 1, 1957, pg. 126.
13. "Souls who enriched our lives, our region" from Pittsburgh Tribune-Review (December 1, 2002)
14. "TV Q&A with Rob Owen/KDKA's Image Campaign". post-gazette.com. Retrieved 2007-08-27.
15. "TV Query Results - Video Division (FCC) USA". Fcc.gov. Retrieved 2011-03-29.
16. Owen, Rob (March 5, 2010). "Sweeps show how stations evolved". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.
17. KDKA-TV 2
18. "Lynne Hayes-Freeland profile". Kdka.com. 2011-03-19. Retrieved 2011-03-29.
19. "Dr. Maria Simbra profile". Kdka.com. Retrieved 2011-03-29.
20. "Susan Barnett Bio". KYW-TV. Retrieved 9 March 2013.
21. "Negro Gets TV News Series Show In Pittsburgh." Jet, July 7, 1966. Retrieved 2010-06-01.
22. "The Peabody Awards | An International Competition for Electronic Media, honoring achievement in Television, Radio, Cable and the Web | Administered by University of Georgia's Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication". Peabody.uga.edu. Retrieved 2011-03-29.

External links

• CBSPittsburgh.com - Official Website
• The early years of Pittsburgh's KDKA-TV
• Template:TVQ
• Template:BIA
• Template:TitanTV
• Pittsburgh Television history page

• CBS affiliates
• Television stations in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
• CBS network affiliates
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• Channel 25 digital TV stations in the United States
• Channel 2 virtual TV stations in the United States
• Television channels and stations established in 1949
• Westinghouse Broadcasting
• DuMont Television Network owned-and-operated stations
• Major League Baseball over-the-air television broadcasters
• Pittsburgh Pirates broadcasters