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Humboldt County, California

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Revision as of 16:55, 23 August 2013 by Norcalal (talk | contribs) (Climate: clarify)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff) County in California, United States
County of Humboldt
County
Official seal of County of HumboldtSeal
Location in the state of CaliforniaLocation in the state of California
California's location in the United StatesCalifornia's location in the United States
Country United States
State California
RegionCalifornia North Coast
IncorporatedMay 12, 1853
County seatEureka
Largest cityEureka
Area
 • Total4,052.22 sq mi (10,495.2 km)
 • Land3,572.49 sq mi (9,252.7 km)
 • Water479.74 sq mi (1,242.5 km)
Population
 • Total134,623
 • Density33/sq mi (13/km)
Time zoneUTC-8 (Pacific Standard Time)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-7 (Pacific Daylight Time)
Area code(s)707, 530
Websitewww.co.humboldt.ca.us

Humboldt County is a county in the U.S. state of California, located on the far North Coast 200 miles north of San Francisco. According to 2010 Census Data, the county’s population was 134,623. Its primary population centers of Eureka, the county seat and site of College of the Redwoods main campus, and the smaller college town of Arcata, site of Humboldt State University, are located adjacent to Humboldt Bay, California's second largest natural bay. Area cities and towns are known for hundreds of ornate examples of Victorian architecture.

Humboldt County is a densely forested, mountainous, and rural county with more than 100 miles of coastline situated along the Pacific coast in Northern California's rugged Coast (Mountain) Ranges. With nearly 1,500,000 acres (6,100 km) of combined public and private forest in production, Humboldt County alone produces twenty percent of total volume and thirty percent of the total value of all forest products produced in California. The county contains over forty percent of all remaining old growth Coast Redwood forests, the vast majority of which is protected or strictly conserved within dozens of national, state, and local forests and parks, totaling approximately 680,000 acres (over 1,000 square miles).

History

The original inhabitants of the area now known as Humboldt County include the Wiyot, Yurok, Hupa, Karuk, Chilula, Whilkut, and the Eel River Athapaskan peoples, including the Wailaki, Mattole and Nongatl. Andrés de Urdaneta found the coast near Cape Mendocino then followed the coast south to Acapulco in 1565. Spanish traders made unintended visits to California with the Manila Galleons on their return trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565. Humboldt County was formed in 1853 from parts of Trinity County. The first recorded entry by people of European origin was a landing by the Spanish in 1775 in Trinidad.

The county derived its name from Humboldt Bay, which in turn is named after Alexander von Humboldt, a famous German naturalist. The first recorded entry of Humboldt Bay by non-natives was an 1806 visit from a sea otter hunting party from Sitka employed by the Russian American Company. The hunting party included Captain Jonathan Winship, an American, and some Aleut hunters. The bay was not visited again by people of European origin until 1849 when Josiah Gregg's party visited. In 1850, Douglas Ottinger and Hans Buhne entered the bay, naming it Humboldt in honor of the great naturalist and world explorer, Baron Alexander von Humboldt.

The area around Humboldt Bay was once solely inhabited by the Wiyot Indian tribe. One of the largest Wiyot villages, Tolowot, was located on Indian Island in Humboldt Bay. Founded around 900 BCE, it contains a shell midden 6 acres (2.4 ha) in size and 14 feet (4.3 m) deep. It was the site of the February 26, 1860 massacre of the Wiyot people that was recorded by Bret Harte, then living in Union, now called Arcata. Between 60 and 200 Wiyot men, women, and children were murdered that night. In 1998, musician Frank Black wrote and recorded a song about this event, called "Humboldt County Massacre." Tolowot is now an restricted site and a National Historic Landmark.

State historic landmarks in Humboldt County include Arcata and Mad River Railroad, California's First Drilled Oil Wells in Petrolia, Camp Curtis, Centerville Beach Cross, Old Town Eureka, the town of Ferndale, Fort Humboldt, Humboldt Harbor Historical District, the Jacoby Building, The Old Arrow Tree, Old Indian Village of Tsurai, the Town of Trinidad, and Trinidad Head.

On February 5 and February 6, 1885, Eureka's entire Chinese population of 300 men and 20 women were expelled after a gunfight between rival Chinese gangs (tongs) resulted in the wounding of a 12-year-old boy and the death of 56-year-old David Kendall, a Eureka City Councilman. After the shooting, an angry mob of 600 Eureka residents met and informed the Chinese that they were no longer wanted in Eureka and would be hanged if they were to stay in town longer than 3 p.m. the next day. They were put on two steamships and shipped to San Francisco. No-one was killed in the expulsion. Another Chinese expulsion occurred during 1906 in a cannery on the Eel River, in which 23 Chinese cannery workers were expelled after objections to their presence. However, some Chinese remained in the Orleans area, where some white landowners sheltered and purchased food for the Chinese mineworkers until after racial tension passed. Chinese did not return to the coastal cities until the 1950s.

Climate

The coastal zone of the county experiences wet, cool winters and dry, mild foggy summers. In the winter, highs range from the low 40's to high 50's (5 to 15°C), with lows in the 30's and 40's (0 to 9°C). Coastal summers are cool to mild, with average highs in the 60's (16 to 21°C) and frequent fogs. Moving 20 miles (32 km) inland one can find abundant sunshine and warmth, a welcome change from the coast's foggy climes. For this very reason coastal residents sometimes prefer to head inland in the summer to take brief respite from the perennial fog which is trapped by the bordering redwood forest as it moves inland. Coastal summer highs range from the mid-60s to 70's (18 to 21°C), with lows from the upper 40's to mid 50's (8 to 13°C). In the populated areas and cities near the coast, the highest temperatures tend to occur at locations just a few miles inland from Eureka and Arcata, in towns like Fortuna, Rio Dell, and and smaller unincorporated communities located somewhat further away from Humboldt Bay. In these locations summer highs measure in the low to mid 70's (21 to 24°C). The coastal zone experiences a number of frosty nights in winter and early spring, though snowfall and hard freezes are rare. Coastal winters are cool and wet. Winter rainstorms are frequent, with averages from 30 inches (760 mm) to 100 inches (2,500 mm) a year varying with elevation.

Inland areas of the county also experience wet, cool winters. Snowfall is common at elevations over 3,000 ft (910 m) throughout the winter months. Summer displays the sharpest difference between the coastal and inland climates. Inland regions of Humboldt County experience highs from the 80's to the 90's (27 to 37°C) depending on the elevation and distance from the ocean. Occasional summer highs of 100 degrees (38°C) are common in eastern and southern parts of the county including Orleans, Hoopa, Willow Creek, Garberville, Honeydew, and inland river valleys.

Tectonics

Historically, Humboldt County and the entire far north coast have had many earthquakes over 6.0 magnitude.

The 1992 Cape Mendocino earthquakes were a series of three major earthquakes that occurred off the coast of Cape Mendocino, California on April 25 and 26, 1992, the biggest being a 7.2. Ninety-five people were injured and property in the county sustained considerable damage.

In 2010 a 6.5 magnitude earthquake struck offshore, 33 mi. (53 km) west of Eureka, resulting in only minor injuries and some structural damage to houses and utilities, and no fatalities reported.

Geography

According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 4,052.22 square miles (10,495.2 km), of which 3,572.49 square miles (9,252.7 km) (or 88.16%) is land and 479.74 square miles (1,242.5 km) (or 11.84%) is water.

Located inside Humboldt County is Cape Mendocino, the westernmost point in California (longitude124 degrees, 24 minutes, 30 seconds).

Bay

Humboldt Bay, the only deep water port between San Francisco and Coos Bay, Oregon, is located on the coast at the midpoint of the county.

Rivers

Mouth of Humboldt County's Little River on the Pacific Coast.
Rockefeller Forest, the largest remaining old growth Redwood forest on earth, is located within Humboldt Redwoods State Park.

Humboldt County's major rivers include (in order of flow-cubic meters per second-from largest to smallest):

The list of other smaller rivers and at least one large creek include the following: Van Duzen, South Fork Eel River (in both Humboldt and Mendocino counties), North Fork Eel River, Mattole, Salmon, Elk, Bear, and Little rivers, and Redwood Creek (significant due to amount of its flow).

Parks and other protected areas

Federal Lands

National Park

Conservation Area

Recreation Area

Forest

Wildlife Refuge

State of California

Beaches

Parks

Recreation Areas

Reserves

County of Humboldt

Cities and unincorporated communities

The Carson Mansion of Eureka, the premier Victorian home of the State, in a county where hundreds of 19th Century homes remain.

The majority of residents live in the Eureka-Arcata-Fortuna micropolitan area, located on a coastal plain adjacent to Humboldt Bay.

Incorporated cities

Humboldt County has seven incorporated cities. Cities are listed by population size, from largest to smallest.

Unincorporated communities

The largest unincorporated community is McKinleyville. With a population of more than 15,000, it is much larger than five of the cities listed above.

Unincorporated communities are listed alphabetically.

Indian Reservations

Humboldt County has eight Indian reservations lying within its borders. Only four other counties in the United States have more: San Diego County, California; Sandoval County, New Mexico; Riverside County, California; and Mendocino County, California. The Hoopa Valley Indian Reservation is the largest in the state of California, a state that generally has very small reservations (although very numerous) relative to those in other states.

Adjacent counties

Transportation infrastructure

Historic Fernbridge (1911) on the "Road to Ferndale" - California State Route 211

Major highways

Public transportation

  • Humboldt Transit Authority operates two fixed route transit bus systems:
    • Redwood Transit System provides intercity service to and within communities between Trinidad and Scotia, with occasional service to Manila and Loleta. HTA also offers service between McKinleyville or Arcata and Willow Creek and an express bus between Arcata and College of the Redwoods when classes are in session.
    • Eureka Transit Service, operated in the City of Eureka, provides local service on four scheduled routes (one hour headway) in Eureka and its adjacent unincorporated communities. Connections can be made to the Redwood Transit System at several places in Eureka.
  • Arcata and Mad River Transit System, operated by the City of Arcata with funding from Humboldt State University. A&MRTS provides fixed route local bus service on two scheduled routes (one hour headway) in Arcata and an additional route between the Valley West Neighborhood and the university when classes are in session.
  • The city of Blue Lake and the Blue Lake Rancheria operates the Blue Lake Rancheria Transit Authority. Blue Lake Rancheria Transit provides fixed route intercity transit bus service (one hour headway) between Arcata and the Blue Lake Rancheria Indian Reservation and casino and local service within the city of Blue Lake.
  • Del Norte County's Redwood Coast Transit operates fixed route intercity transit bus service between Arcata and Crescent City or Smith River.
  • Amtrak Thruway bus has stops in many towns in the region, including Eureka, Arcata, and Fortuna. These stops are not managed by Amtrak and therefore have no services beyond serving passengers. Full service is only provided at the train station in Martinez, near San Francisco.

Airports

Arcata-Eureka Airport is located in McKinleyville (north of Arcata). Commercial flights are available. Other (general aviation) airports are located at Dinsmore, Garberville, Kneeland, Murray Field (Eureka) and Rohnerville (Fortuna).

Seaport

Port of Humboldt Bay - on Humboldt Bay, California's second largest natural bay.

Agriculture

Humboldt County is known for its impressive redwood trees, and many acres of private redwood timberland make Humboldt the top timber producer in California. The lush river bottoms adjacent to the ocean are renowned for producing rich, high-quality dairy products. Somewhat more inland the warmer valleys have historically produced abundant apples and other fruit. More recently vineyards have been planted in the Trinity, Klamath, Mattole and upper Eel river valleys.

Dairy

Humboldt County is known for its quality family operated dairy farms. The Humboldt Creamery, a significant producer of high grade ice cream and other dairy products, still operates from the original headquarters located at Fernbridge adjacent to the Eel River.

Marijuana

Humboldt County is also widely known for its cultural attributes associated with the cultivation and proliferation of marijuana. Proposition 215 allows patients and caregivers who are given a doctor's recommendation to legally (State level only) grow up to 99 plants in Humboldt County. David Samuels of The New Yorker describes the county as "the heartland of high-grade marijuana farming in California." However, in the years before Prop 215 (early 1970s-late 1980s), Humboldt County saw a large migration of the Bay Area counter-culture to its region. Many came looking to purchase cheap land, and ended up growing marijuana to pay for their land payments to eventually become owners of the land. Especially around Garberville and Redway, the rural culture and hippie scene eventually collaborated to create a "hippy-billy" community in which marijuana became the center of the economy. Many people prospered by exporting their marijuana down the California coast and to Midwestern states because of its reputation for quality. A Garberville radio station, KMUD, in the past has issued warnings and alerts to the region with information on whereabouts of law enforcement on their way to raid marijuana gardens. The 2008 independent film Humboldt County centers on the county's marijuana cultivation subculture.

Politics

Humboldt County vote
by party in presidential elections
Year GOP DEM Others
2012 33.8% 15,653 60.0% 27,757 6.2% 2,859
2008 34.1% 21,713 62.3% 39,692 4.0% 2,559
2004 39.0% 25,714 57.7% 37,988 3.3% 2,184
2000 41.5% 23,219 44.4% 24,851 14.1% 7,902
1996 35.5% 19,803 44.2% 24,628 20.3% 11,326
1992 30.5% 18,299 48.1% 28,854 21.4% 12,868
1988 41.2% 21,460 57.1% 29,781 1.7% 905
1984 51.6% 27,832 46.8% 25,217 1.6% 842
1980 49.4% 24,047 35.2% 17,113 15.5% 7,532
1976 41.6 18,034 54.2% 23,500 4.2% 1,838
1972 48.8% 22,345 46.2% 21,132 5.0% 2,286
1968 46.2% 16,719 45.5% 16,476 8.3% 3,019
1964 33.5% 12,909 66.3% 25,515 0.2% 75
1960 46.7% 18,074 52.7% 20,391 0.6% 226
1956 52.6% 19,019 47.1% 17,025 0.4% 133
1952 60.1% 19,949 39.0% 12,949 0.9% 293
1948 47.2% 10,979 48.4% 11,268 4.4% 1,019
1944 42.9% 9,127 56.8% 12,083 0.2% 50
1940 43.0% 9,470 56.0% 12,329 1.0% 225
1936 36.0% 6,808 62.9% 11,909 1.1% 208
1932 42.2% 6,795 54.2% 8,723 3.6% 577
1928 69.8% 9,162 28.4% 3,726 1.9% 247
1924 56.8% 6,767 7.1% 845 36.1% 4,298
1920 69.9% 6,528 19.0% 1,778 11.1% 1,034
Election results from statewide races
Year Office Results
2010 Governor Brown 56.3 - 36.2%
Lieutenant Governor Newsom 53.7 - 34.9%
Secretary of State Bowen 54.3 - 33.6%
Controller Chiang 58.0 - 30.1%
Treasurer Lockyer 57.6 - 31.4%
Attorney General Harris 50.0 - 36.9%
Insurance Commissioner Jones 49.0 - 33.2%

Humboldt is a Democratic county in Presidential and congressional elections. The last Republican presidential candidate to win a majority in the county was Ronald Reagan, a Californian, in 1984.

Humboldt County is in California's 2nd congressional district, represented by Democrat Jared Huffman.

In the state legislature, Humboldt is part of the 2nd Senate District, represented by Democrat Mike McGuire, and the 2nd Assembly District, represented by Democrat Chris Rogers.

Area organizations

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note
18602,694
18706,140127.9%
188015,512152.6%
189023,46951.3%
190027,10415.5%
191033,85724.9%
192037,41310.5%
193043,23315.6%
194045,8126.0%
195069,24151.1%
1960104,89251.5%
197099,692−5.0%
1980108,5148.8%
1990119,1189.8%
2000126,5186.2%
2010134,6236.4%
2012 (est.)134,8270.2%
U.S. Decennial Census
2012 Estimate

2010

The 2010 United States Census reported that Humboldt County had a population of 134,623. The racial makeup of Humboldt County was 109,920 (81.7%) White, 1,505 (1.1%) African American, 7,726 (5.7%) Native American, 2,944 (2.2%) Asian, 352 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 5,003 (3.7%) from other races, and 7,173 (5.3%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 13,211 persons (9.8%).

Population reported at 2010 United States Census
The County
Total
Population
White
African
American
Native
American
Asian
Pacific
Islander
other
races
two or
more races
Hispanic
or Latino
(of any race)
Humboldt County 134,623 109,920 1,505 7,726 2,944 352 5,003 7,173 13,211
Incorporated
city
Total
Population
White
African
American
Native
American
Asian
Pacific
Islander
other
races
two or
more races
Hispanic
or Latino
(of any race)
Arcata 17,231 14,094 351 393 454 35 769 1,135 2,000
Blue Lake 1,253 1,094 5 55 13 4 24 58 82
Eureka 27,191 21,565 514 1,011 1,153 176 1,181 1,591 3,143
Ferndale 1,371 1,281 1 22 20 2 17 28 77
Fortuna 11,926 9,686 73 444 106 9 1,065 543 2,032
Rio Dell 3,368 2,894 13 125 25 3 140 168 384
Trinidad 367 331 2 15 2 1 1 15 11
Census-designated
place
Total
Population
White
African
American
Native
American
Asian
Pacific
Islander
other
races
two or
more races
Hispanic
or Latino
(of any race)
Alderpoint 186 170 0 9 1 0 1 5 10
Bayview 2,510 1,959 28 119 88 5 185 126 425
Benbow 321 294 0 2 1 0 13 11 25
Big Lagoon 93 73 0 11 0 0 1 8 11
Cutten 3,108 2,628 27 119 80 11 78 165 254
Fieldbrook 859 763 4 19 5 0 14 54 51
Fields Landing 276 210 6 13 21 1 6 19 18
Garberville 913 815 14 29 17 0 7 31 54
Humboldt Hill 3,414 2,853 41 119 102 2 129 168 298
Hydesville 1,237 1,108 4 33 6 0 30 56 71
Indianola 823 713 2 42 11 1 12 42 44
Loleta 783 643 12 16 5 0 65 42 114
McKinleyville 15,177 13,010 103 700 211 17 338 798 1,081
Manila 784 686 14 25 5 0 12 42 30
Miranda 520 439 4 13 4 1 31 28 75
Myers Flat 146 125 0 6 1 0 4 10 11
Myrtletown 4,675 3,969 53 142 155 19 126 211 387
Orick 357 288 0 39 0 3 6 21 20
Phillipsville 140 121 0 4 1 0 0 14 3
Pine Hills 3,131 2,648 22 86 116 4 72 183 220
Redcrest 89 73 0 5 0 0 3 8 4
Redway 1,225 1,093 5 35 6 1 15 70 96
Samoa 258 198 1 9 0 0 31 19 52
Scotia 850 674 3 35 3 9 90 36 150
Shelter Cove 693 630 3 5 7 1 13 34 47
Weott 288 252 0 13 1 0 3 19 20
Westhaven-Moonstone 1,205 1,083 9 39 18 0 10 46 53
Willow Creek 1,710 1,375 6 167 14 6 29 113 108
Unincorporated
communities
Total
Population
White
African
American
Native
American
Asian
Pacific
Islander
other
races
two or
more races
Hispanic
or Latino
(of any race)
All others not CDPs (combined) 26,145 20,082 185 3,807 292 41 482 1,256 1,750

2000

As of the 2000 census, the population of Humboldt County was 126,518. As of that census, there were 51,238 households in Humboldt County, and the population density was 35 people per square mile (14/km²). By 2006, the population was projected to have increased to 131,361 by the California Department of Finance. There were 55,912 housing units at an average density of 16 per square mile (6/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 84.7% White, 0.9% Black or African American, 5.7% Native American, 1.7% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 2.5% from other races, and 4.4% from two or more races. 6.5% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 13.3% were of German, 10.7% Irish, 10.3% English, 7.4% American and 5.7% Italian ancestry according to Census 2000. 92.1% spoke English and 4.6% Spanish as their first language.

There were 51,238 households out of which 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.1% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.2% were non-families. 28.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the county the population was spread out with 23.2% under the age of 18, 12.4% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 24.5% from 45 to 64, and 12.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 97.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.6 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $31,226, and the median income for a family was $39,370. Males had a median income of $32,210 versus $23,942 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,203. About 12.9% of families and 19.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.5% of those under age 18 and 7.2% of those age 65 or over.

Educational and cultural institutions

The county is served by many school districts, including charter and private schools. All school districts are listed in a separate article.

The Lanphere Dunes, a protected coastal environment

Environment

Humboldt County contains a diversity of plant and animal species, with significant forest and coastal habitats. In coastal areas there are extensive amounts of redwood forests. A prominent understory shrub is the toyon, whose northern range limit is in Humboldt County.

Media

Print

The Times-Standard is the only daily newspaper in the region; in continuous publication since 1854, and owned by Media News Group since 1996, they also print three weeklies: the Redwood Times, the Tri-City Weekly, and Northcoast 101. Other regional weekly publications include the North Coast Journal, the McKinleyville Press, the Independent, the Arcata Eye, the Two Rivers Tribune, the Isis Scrolls, and The Lumberjack.

Television

Humboldt County's locally produced television stations, KIEM and KEET, are based in Eureka. KIEM produces the only local TV newscast for Humboldt County, while KEET is the only PBS station in the region. CBS and Fox affiliates KVIQ and KBVU, the latter a semi-satellite of KCVU, are based in Chico and ABC affiliate KAEF, a semi-satellite of KRCR-TV, is based in Redding. In previous decades all major networks had production capacity in Eureka.

Radio

For-profit stations include KFMI, KRED, KXGO, KHUM, KSLG, KWPT and KATA. Non-profit stations include the Hoopa Tribe's KIDE, Redway's KMUD, Humboldt State University-based KHSU and KRFH and Jefferson Public Radio's KNHM and KNHT.

Community Media

Community broadband networks and Public, educational, and government access (PEG) cable tv channels are provided by Access Humboldt with digital production, archiving and distribution for local voices. Cable TV channels are carried by Suddenlink and local programs are provided online through the Community Media Archive. The Digital Redwoods initiative of Access Humboldt is developing local networks to meet comprehensive community needs, including public, education and government purposes.

Notable natives and residents

Events

Name Month Location Citation
Apple Harvest Festival October Fortuna
Arcata Oyster Festival June Arcata Plaza
Azalea Festival June McKinleyville
Avenue of The Giants Marathon May Southern Humboldt
Blackberry Festival July Westhaven
Blues by the Bay July Eureka
Brew at the Zoo May Eureka
Chicken Wingfest September Eureka
Craftsman's Days November Eureka
College of the Redwoods Wood Fair June Eureka
Fourth of July Festival July 4 Old Town Eureka
Humboldt Pride September Arcata
Godwit Days (Birding festival) April Arcata
Humboldt Arts Festival May Arcata/Blue Lake
Humboldt County Fair August Ferndale
Humboldt Film Festival March & April Arcata
Humboldt Redwoods Marathon October Southern Humboldt
Mushroom Fair November Eureka
North Country Fair September Arcata
Organic Planet Festival September Eureka
Redwood Acres Fair June Eureka
Redwood Coast Jazz Festival March Eureka
Redwood Run June Southern Humboldt
Rhododendron Festival and Parade April Eureka
Roll on the Mattole Summer Mattole Grange
Summer Arts and Music Festival June Benbow
Swauger's Station Day July Loleta
Tour of Loleta (by Bicycle) July Loleta
Tour of the Unknown Coast (by Bicycle) May Southern Humboldt
Trinidad Fish Festival June Trinidad
Trinidad to Clam Beach Run February Trinidad
Truckers Christmas Parade December Eureka
Two Rivers Harvest Festival October Willow Creek
World-Championship Kinetic Sculpture Race May Arcata to Ferndale
Zootini August Eureka

See also

References

  1. Kerr, J.M. - The Codes of California. - 1905. - p.1043.
  2. 2010 Census Data. "2010 Census Data - 2010 Census". 2010.census.gov. Retrieved 2012-03-06.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  3. Discover Humboldt Bay. - Humboldt Bay Harbor, Recreation and Conservation District. - Retrieved: 2008-07-13
  4. Forestry, Forest Industry, and Forest Products Consumption in California. University of California, Davis: Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. - (Adobe Acrobat *.PDF document). - Retrieved: 2008-03-30
  5. Area of Old-Growth Forests in California, Oregon, and Washington. - United States Forest Service - USDA. - (Adobe Acrobat *.PDF document). - Retrieved: 2007-11-18
  6. Humboldt County Public Lands. - Humboldt County Community Development Services. - (Adobe Acrobat *.PDF document). - Retrieved: 2007-11-19
  7. ^ Van Kirk, Susie, Humboldt County: A Briefest of Histories, Humboldt County Historical Society, May 1999
  8. ^ Humboldt County State Designated Historical Landmarks. - California Historical Landmarks
  9. Easthouse, Keith. - "The Chinese Expulsion: Looking Back on a Dark Episode". - North Coast Journal. - February 27, 2003. - Retrieved: 2006-11-26
  10. Cape Mendocino, California Earthquakes , U.S.G.S. (April 25, 1992)
  11. Magnitude 6.5 - OFFSHORE NORTHERN CALIFORNIA, U.S.G.S. (January 9, 2010)
  12. "Census 2000 U.S. Gazetteer Files: Counties". United States Census. Retrieved 2011-02-13.
  13. "US Census Micropolitan Areas". Census.gov. Retrieved 2012-03-06.
  14. Wilson, Emily (November 2, 2006). "On ice cream, organic milk and avoiding corporate takeovers". The North Coast Journal. Retrieved 29 December 2008.
  15. California to Let Voters Decide on Marijuana Legalization, PBS News Hour, aired 13 October 2010.
  16. "Humboldt County Medical Marijuana Guidelines". Safeaccessnow.net. Retrieved 2012-03-06.
  17. Samuels, David. - A Reporter at Large: "Dr. Kush: How medical marijuana is transforming the weed industry". The New Yorker, July 28, 2008.
  18. Anderson, Glenda (2010-04-25). "Garberville's KMUD radio alerts: Helpful or dangerous?". PressDemocrat.com. Retrieved 2012-03-06.
  19. "California's 2nd Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC. Retrieved March 1, 2013.
  20. "Senators". State of California. Retrieved March 10, 2013.
  21. "Members Assembly". State of California. Retrieved March 2, 2013.
  22. "U.S. Decennial Census". Census.gov. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  23. "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012". Census.gov. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  24. "2010 Census P.L. 94-171 Summary File Data". United States Census Bureau.
  25. "California State Statistical Abstract 2007". Dof.ca.gov. Retrieved 2012-03-06.
  26. Neil G. Sugihara, Jan W. Van Wagtendonk, Kevin E. Shaffer, JoAnn Fites-Kaufman, Andrea E. Thode (2006) Fire in California's Ecosystems, University of California Press, 596 pages ISBN 0-520-24605-5
  27. C. Michael Hogan (2008) Toyon: Heteromeles arbutifolia, GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg
  28. Honoring the 150th Anniversary of the Times-Standard, Congressional Record, November 18, 2004
  29. Times-Standard - History
  30. Redwood Times Website
  31. Tri-City Weekly Website
  32. North Coast 101 Website
  33. The North Coast Journal Website
  34. McKinleyville Press Website
  35. The Independent Website
  36. The Arcata Eye Website
  37. Two Rivers Tribune Website
  38. Isis Scrolls Website
  39. The Lumberjack Website
  40. Apple Harvest Festival October 6 and 7, 2012, accessed 22 March 2013
  41. Arcata Oyster Festival, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  42. Avenue of the Giants Marathon Website, accessed 22 March 2013
  43. Blackberry Festival, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  44. Blues by the Bay, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  45. ^ sequoiaparkzoo.net Sequioia Park Zoo Website, accessed 22 March 2013
  46. "Businesses Against Meth Use". Chicken Wing Fest. Retrieved 2012-07-26., accessed 22 March 2013
  47. Craftsman's Days, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  48. Community and Economic Development Wood Fair 2012, College of the Redwoods, accessed 22 March 2013
  49. 4th of July Festival, Eureka Main Street, accessed 22 March 2013
  50. Humboldt Pride Website, accessed 22 March 2013
  51. Godwit Days website, accessed 22 March 2013
  52. Humboldt Arts Festival, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  53. Humboldt County Fair, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  54. "Reel Revolution". Humboldt Magazine, accessdate = 22 March 2013. {{cite web}}: Missing pipe in: |work= (help)
  55. Humboldt Redwoods Marathon, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  56. Mushroom Fair, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  57. , accessed 22 March 2013
  58. , accessed 22 March 2013
  59. Redwood Acres Fair Website, accessed 22 March 2013
  60. Redwood Coast Jazz Fest, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  61. Kiwanis Redwood Run Website, accessed 22 March 2013
  62. Rhododendron Parade, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  63. NCJ Calendar, accessed 22 March 2013
  64. , accessed 22 March 2013
  65. Loleta, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  66. "Tour of Loleta Bike Race & Fun Ride". Tourofloleta.com. 2012-07-08. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
  67. Tour of the Unknown Coast Website, accessed 22 March 2013
  68. Trinidad Fish Festival, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  69. Trinidad to Clam Beach Run Website, accessed 22 March 2013
  70. Truckers Christmas Parade, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  71. 1st Annual Two Rivers Harvest Festival, North Coast Journal, 2009, accessed 22 March 2013
  72. Kinetic Grand Championship, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013

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