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August 30 is the 242nd day of the year (243rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 123 days remain until the end of the year.

Events

• 526 – King Theodoric the Great dies of dysentery at Ravenna; his daughter Amalasuntha takes power as regent for her 10-year old son Athalaric.
• 1282 – Peter III of Aragon, originally traveling with his fleet on a military expedition against the Hafsid Kingdom, ends up in the Sicilian town of Trapani, after he was asked by the inhabitants of Palermo to help in the fight against Charles of Anjou.
• 1363 – Beginning date of the Battle of Lake Poyang; the forces of two Chinese rebel leaders — Chen Youliang and Zhu Yuanzhang — are pitted against each other in what is one of the largest naval battles in history, during the last decade of the ailing, Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty.
• 1464 – Pope Paul II succeeds Pope Pius II as the 211th pope.
• 1574 – Guru Ram Das becomes the Fourth Sikh Guru/Master.
• 1590 – Tokugawa Ieyasu enters Edo Castle. (Traditional Japanese date: August 1, 1590)
• 1791 – HMS Pandora sinks after having run aground on a reef the previous day.
• 1799 – The entire Dutch fleet is captured by British forces under the command of Sir Ralph Abercromby and Admiral Sir Charles Mitchell during the Second Coalition of the French Revolutionary Wars.
• 1800 – Gabriel Prosser postpones a planned slave rebellion in Richmond, Virginia, but is arrested before he can make it happen.
• 1813 – First Battle of Kulm: French forces are defeated by an Austrian-Prussian-Russian alliance.
• 1813 – Creek War – Fort Mims massacre: Creek "Red Sticks" kill over 500 settlers (including over 250 armed militia) in Fort Mims, north of Mobile, Alabama.
• 1835 – Melbourne is founded.
• 1836 – The city of Houston is founded by Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen
• 1862 – American Civil War – Battle of Richmond: Confederates under Edmund Kirby Smith rout Union forces under General Horatio Wright.
• 1873 – Austrian explorers Julius von Payer and Karl Weyprecht discover the archipelago of Franz Joseph Land in the Arctic Sea.
• 1896 – Philippine Revolution: After Spanish victory in the Battle of San Juan del Monte, eight provinces in the Philippines are declared under martial law by the Spanish Governor-General Ramón Blanco y Erenas.
• 1897 – The town of Ambiky is captured by France from Menabe in Madagascar.
• 1909 – Burgess Shale fossils are discovered by Charles Doolittle Walcott.
• 1914 – World War I: Germans defeat the Russians in the Battle of Tannenberg
• 1918 – Fanny Kaplan shoots and seriously injures Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin. This, along with the assassination of Bolshevik senior official Moisei Uritsky days earlier, prompts the decree for Red Terror.
• 1922 – Battle of Dumlupinar: the final battle in the Greek-Turkish War ("Turkish War of Independence").
• 1940 – The Second Vienna Award re-assigns the territory of Northern Transylvania from Romania to Hungary.
• 1942 – World War II: the Battle of Alam Halfa begins.
• 1945 – Hong Kong is liberated from Japan by British Armed Forces.
• 1945 – The Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces, General Douglas MacArthur lands at Atsugi Air Force Base.
• 1945 – The Allied Control Council, governing Germany after World War II, comes into being.
• 1956 – The Lake Pontchartrain Causeway opens.
• 1962 – Japan conducts a test of the NAMC YS-11, its first aircraft since World War II and its only successful commercial aircraft from before or after the war.
• 1963 – The Hotline between the leaders of the U.S.A. and the Soviet Union goes into operation.
• 1967 – Thurgood Marshall is confirmed as the first African American Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
• 1974 – A Belgrade–Dortmund express train derails at the main train station in Zagreb killing 153 passengers.
• 1974 – A powerful bomb explodes at the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries headquarters in Marunouchi, Tokyo, Japan. 8 are killed, 378 are injured. Eight left-wing activists are arrested on May 19, 1975 by Japanese authorities.
• 1981 – President Mohammad-Ali Rajai and Prime Minister Mohammad-Javad Bahonar of Iran are assassinated in a bombing committed by the People's Mujahedin of Iran.
• 1984 – STS-41-D: The Space Shuttle Discovery takes off on its maiden voyage.
• 1995 – NATO launches Operation Deliberate Force against Bosnian Serb forces.
• 1998 – Second Congo War: Government troops and their Angolan and Zimbabwean allies recapture Matadi and the Inga dams in the western Democratic Republic of the Congo from RCD and Rwandan troops.
• 1999 – East Timor voted for independence from Indonesia in a referendum.
• 2003 – While being towed across the Barents Sea, the de-commissioned Russian submarine K-159 sinks, taking 9 of her crew and 800 kg of spent nuclear fuel with her.

Births

• 1334 – Peter of Castile (d. 1369)
• 1377 – Shah Rukh, Timurid ruler (d. 1447)
• 1705 – David Hartley, English philosopher (d. 1757)
• 1720 – Samuel Whitbread, English politician and brewer, founded Whitbread (d. 1796)
• 1748 – Jacques-Louis David, French painter (d. 1825)
• 1768 – Joseph Dennie, American author and journalist (d. 1812)
• 1797 – Mary Shelley, English author (d. 1851)
• 1808 – Princess Ludovika of Bavaria (d. 1892)
• 1812 – Agoston Haraszthy, Hungarian-American traveler, writer, and winemaker, founded Buena Vista Winery (d. 1869)
• 1813 – Princess Mathilde Caroline of Bavaria (d. 1862)
• 1818 – Alexander H. Rice, American politician, 30th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1895)
• 1821 – Anita Garibaldi, Brazilian wife of Giuseppe Garibaldi (d. 1849)
• 1839 – Gulstan Ropert, French prelate (d. 1903)
• 1842 – Grand Duchess Alexandra Alexandrovna of Russia (d. 1849)
• 1848 – Andrew Onderdonk, American construction contractor (d. 1905)
• 1850 – Marcelo H. del Pilar, Filipino writer, journalist, and revolutionary (d. 1896)
• 1852 – Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Dutch chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1911)
• 1856 – Carle David Tolmé Runge, German physicist (d. 1927)
• 1860 – Isaac Levitan, Russian painter (d. 1900)
• 1870 – Grand Duchess Alexandra Georgievna of Russia (d. 1891)
• 1871 – Ernest Rutherford, New Zealand-English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1937)
• 1884 – Theodor Svedberg, Swedish chemist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
• 1890 – Samuel Frederick Henry Thompson, English pilot (d. 1918)
• 1893 – Huey Long, American politician (d. 1935)
• 1896 – Raymond Massey, Canadian actor (d. 1983)
• 1898 – Shirley Booth, American actress (d. 1992)
• 1901 – John Gunther, American journalist and author (d. 1970)
• 1901 – Roy Wilkins, American activist (d. 1981)
• 1903 – Bhagwati Charan Verma, Indian author (d. 1981)
• 1906 – Joan Blondell, American actress (d. 1979)
• 1908 – Fred MacMurray, American actor (d. 1991)
• 1909 – Virginia Lee Burton, American children's author (d. 1968)
• 1910 – Roger Bushell, South African-English pilot (d. 1944)
• 1912 – Edward Mills Purcell, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1997)
• 1912 – Nancy Wake, New Zealand-English war agent (d. 2011)
• 1913 – Richard Stone, English economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)
• 1915 – Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland (d. 2013)
• 1915 – Robert Strassburg, American composer (d. 2003)
• 1917 – Denis Healey, English politician
• 1917 – Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich of Russia (d. 1992)
• 1918 – Billy Johnson, American baseball player (d. 2006)
• 1918 – Ted Williams, American baseball player (d. 2002)
• 1919 – Wolfgang Wagner, German director (d. 2010)
• 1919 – Kitty Wells, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2012)
• 1922 – Lionel Murphy, Australian politician and jurist, 22nd Attorney-General of Australia (d. 1986)
• 1922 – Regina Resnik, American soprano (d. 2013)
• 1923 – Barbara Ansell, English physician (d. 2001)
• 1923 – Charmian Clift, Australian author (d. 1969)
• 1923 – Nate Saint, American missionary (d. 1956)
• 1923 – Vic Seixas, American tennis player
• 1923 – Shailendra, Indian lyricist (d. 1966)
• 1924 – Geoffrey Beene, American fashion designer (d. 2004)
• 1924 – Lajos Kisfaludy, Hungarian chemist (d. 1988)
• 1924 – Kenny Dorham, American jazz trumpeter, singer, and composer (d. 1972)
• 1925 – Laurent de Brunhoff, French author and illustrator
• 1926 – Daryl Gates, American police chief (d. 2010)
• 1927 – Bill Daily, American actor
• 1927 – Anne Fitzalan-Howard, Duchess of Norfolk (d. 2013)
• 1927 – Piet Kee, Dutch pianist and composer
• 1928 – Lloyd Casner, American race car driver (d. 1965)
• 1928 – Harvey Hart, Canadian television director (d. 1989)
• 1929 – Guy de Lussigny, French painter (d. 2001)
• 1929 – Ian McNaught-Davis, British mountaineer and BBC TV-presenter
• 1930 – Warren Buffett, American businessman and philanthropist
• 1930 – Noel Harford, New Zealand cricketer (d. 1981)
• 1931 – Jack Swigert, American astronaut (d. 1982)
• 1933 – Don Getty, Canadian politician, 11th Premier of Alberta
• 1934 – Baloo Gupte, Indian cricketer (d. 2005)
• 1935 – John Phillips, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Mamas & the Papas) (d. 2001)
• 1937 – Bruce McLaren, New Zealand race car driver, founded the McLaren racing team (d. 1970)
• 1937 – Jewel Brown, American jazz and blues singer
• 1939 – Elizabeth Ashley, American actress
• 1939 – John Peel, English radio host and producer (d. 2004)
• 1941 – Ben L. Jones, American actor, politician, and writer
• 1942 – Pervez Sajjad, Pakistani cricketer
• 1943 – Tal Brody, American-Israeli basketball player
• 1943 – Colin Dann, English author
• 1943 – Robert Crumb, American illustrator and writer
• 1943 – Jean-Claude Killy, French skier
• 1943 – David Maslanka, American composer
• 1944 – Freek de Jonge, Dutch singer and comedian
• 1944 – Molly Ivins, American journalist (d. 2007)
• 1944 – Tug McGraw, American baseball player (d. 2004)
• 1946 – Queen Anne-Marie of Greece
• 1946 – Peggy Lipton, American actress
• 1947 – Allan Rock, Canadian politician and diplomat
• 1948 – Lewis Black, American comedian, author, and actor
• 1948 – Fred Hampton, American Black Panther Party leader (d. 1969)
• 1948 – Donnacha O'Dea, Irish poker player and swimmer
• 1949 – Ted Ammon, American financier and banker (d. 2001)
• 1949 – Don Boudria, Canadian politician
• 1949 – Christopher Collins, American actor and comedian (d. 1994)
• 1949 – Peter Maffay, German singer-songwriter
• 1950 – Antony Gormley, English sculptor
• 1950 – Ineke Mulder, Dutch politician
• 1951 – Timothy Bottoms, American actor
• 1951 – Dana Rosemary Scallon, English-Irish singer and politician
• 1951 – Gediminas Kirkilas, Lithuanian politician
• 1953 – Ron George, American politician
• 1953 – Lech Majewski, Polish director, producer and screenwriter
• 1953 – Horace Panter, English bass player (The Specials and General Public)
• 1953 – Robert Parish, American basketball player
• 1954 – Alexander Lukashenko, Belarusian politician, 1st President of Belarus
• 1954 – David Paymer, American actor
• 1956 – Frank Conniff, American writer and actor
• 1958 – Martin Jackson, English drummer (Swing out Sister, Magazine, The Chameleons, The Freshies, and The Durutti Column)
• 1958 – Anna Politkovskaya, Russian journalist (d. 2006)
• 1959 – Mark "Jacko" Jackson, Australian footballer and actor
• 1960 – Gary Gordon, American army officer, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1993)
• 1960 – Guy A. Lepage, Canadian comedian and producer
• 1963 – Michael Chiklis, American actor
• 1963 – Paul Oakenfold, English DJ and producer (Elementfour, Planet Perfecto, and Electra)
• 1963 – Mark Strong, English actor
• 1963 – Oderus Urungus, American singer and bass player (GWAR, X-Cops, Death Piggy, and Dave Brockie Experience)
• 1964 – Gavin Fisher, English engineer and designer
• 1966 – Michael Michele, American actress
• 1967 – Frederique van der Wal, Dutch model and actress
• 1967 – Justin Vaughan, New Zealand cricketer
• 1968 – Vladimir Malakhov, Russian ice hockey player
• 1969 – Dimitris Sgouros, Greek pianist
• 1970 – Carlo Checchinato, Italian rugby player and manager
• 1970 – Michael Wong, Malaysian-Chinese singer and composer
• 1971 – Lars Frederiksen, American guitarist and singer (Rancid and UK Subs)
• 1972 – Cameron Diaz, American model and actress
• 1972 – Pavel Nedvěd, Czech footballer
• 1973 – Lisa Ling, American journalist
• 1974 – Aaron Barrett, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Reel Big Fish, The Scholars, and The Forces of Evil)
• 1974 – Javier Otxoa, Spanish cyclist
• 1975 – Radhi Jaïdi, Tunisian footballer
• 1976 – Mike Koplove, American baseball player
• 1976 – Sarah-Jane Potts, English actress
• 1977 – Shaun Alexander, American football player
• 1977 – Marlon Byrd, American baseball player
• 1977 – Elden Henson, American actor
• 1977 – Kamil Kosowski, Polish footballer
• 1977 – Jens Ludwig, German guitarist (Edguy)
• 1977 – Félix Sánchez, American-Dominican runner
• 1978 – Sinead Kerr, Irish figure skater
• 1978 – Cliff Lee, American baseball player
• 1979 – Juan Ignacio Chela, Argentine tennis player
• 1979 – Niki Chow, Hong Kong actress and singer
• 1979 – Leon Lopez, English actor and singer
• 1979 – Scott Richmond, Canadian baseball player
• 1979 – Tavia Yeung, Hong Kong actress
• 1980 – Derrick Ward, American football player
• 1980 – Angel Coulby, English actress
• 1981 – Germán Legarreta, American actor
• 1981 – Adam Wainwright, American baseball player
• 1982 – Will Davison, Australian race car driver
• 1982 – Andy Roddick, American tennis player
• 1983 – Emmanuel Culio, Argentine footballer
• 1983 – Gustavo Eberto, Argentine footballer (d. 2007)
• 1983 – Jun Matsumoto, Japanese singer, dancer, and actor (Arashi)
• 1983 – Simone Pepe, Italian footballer
• 1983 – Marco Vianello, Italian footballer
• 1984 – Anthony Ireland, Zimbabwean cricketer
• 1985 – Richard Duffy, Welsh footballer
• 1985 – Joe Inoue, American singer-songwriter
• 1985 – Leisel Jones, Australian swimmer
• 1985 – Éva Risztov, Hungarian swimmer
• 1985 – Steven Smith, Scottish footballer
• 1985 – Eamon Sullivan, Australian swimmer
• 1985 – Anna Ushenina, Ukrainian chess player
• 1986 – Lelia Masaga, New Zealand rugby player
• 1986 – Ryan Ross, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Panic! at the Disco and The Young Veins)
• 1987 – Tania Foster, English singer-songwriter
• 1988 – Michael Cavanaugh, American gamer
• 1988 – Ernests Gulbis, Latvian tennis player
• 1988 – Laura Põldvere, Estonian singer (Suntribe)
• 1989 – Simone Guerra, Italian footballer
• 1989 – Ronald Huth, Paraguayan footballer
• 1989 – Mallory Low, American actress
• 1991 – Jacqueline Cako, American tennis player
• 1991 – Liam Cooper, Scottish footballer
• 1992 – Jessica Henwick, English actress
• 1997 – Nathaniel Gleed, English actor
• 2001 – Emily Bear, American pianist and composer

Deaths

• 526 – Theodoric the Great, Italian ruler (b. 454)
• 1329 – Khutughtu Khan, Emperor Mingzong of Yuan (b. 1300)
• 1428 – Emperor Shōkō of Japan (b. 1401)
• 1483 – Louis XI of France (b. 1423)
• 1580 – Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy (b. 1528)
• 1619 – Shimazu Yoshihiro, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1535)
• 1751 – Christopher Polhem, Swedish scientist and inventor (b. 1661)
• 1856 – Gilbert Abbott à Beckett, English lawyer and writer (b. 1811)
• 1879 – John Bell Hood, American general (b. 1831)
• 1886 – Ferris Jacobs, Jr., American politician (b. 1836)
• 1896 – Aleksey Lobanov-Rostovsky, Russian statesman (b. 1824)
• 1906 – Hans Auer, Swiss-Austrian architect, designed the Federal Palace of Switzerland (b. 1847)
• 1907 – Richard Mansfield, American actor and manager (b. 1857)
• 1928 – Wilhelm Wien, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1864)
• 1935 – Henri Barbusse, French novelist and journalist (b. 1873)
• 1938 – Max Factor, Sr., Polish-American make-up artist and businessman, founded the Max Factor Company (b. 1877)
• 1938 – Oscar De Somville, Belgian rower (b. 1876)
• 1940 – J. J. Thomson, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1856)
• 1941 – Peder Oluf Pedersen, Danish engineer and physicist (b. 1874)
• 1943 – Eddy de Neve, Dutch footballer (b. 1885)
• 1943 – Eustáquio van Lieshout, Dutch missionary and priest (b. 1890)
• 1945 – Alfréd Schaffer, Hungarian footballer (b. 1893)
• 1946 – Konstantin Rodzaevsky, Russian lawyer, leader of the Russian Fascist Party (b. 1907)
• 1947 – Gunnar Sommerfeldt, Danish actor and director (b. 1890)
• 1949 – Arthur Fielder, English cricketer (b. 1877)
• 1951 – Konstantin Märska, Estonian cinematographer and film director (b. 1896)
• 1954 – Alfredo Ildefonso Schuster, Cardinal Archbishop of Milan (b. 1880)
• 1961 – Charles Coburn, American actor (b. 1877)
• 1963 – Guy Burgess, English-Soviet spy (b. 1911)
• 1968 – William Talman, American actor (b. 1915)
• 1970 – Del Moore, American comedian and actor (b. 1916)
• 1979 – Jean Seberg, American actress (b. 1938)
• 1981 – Vera-Ellen, American actress (b. 1921)
• 1981 – Mohammad-Ali Rajai, Iranian politician, 2nd President of Iran (b. 1933)
• 1985 – Taylor Caldwell, English-American novelist (b. 1900)
• 1989 – Seymour Krim, American journalist and critic (b. 1922)
• 1990 – Bernard D. H. Tellegen, Dutch engineer, inventor of the pentode and the gyrator (b. 1900)
• 1991 – Vladimír Padrůněk, Czech bass player (Energit and Etc...) (b. 1952)
• 1991 – Jean Tinguely, Swiss painter and sculptor (b. 1925)
• 1993 – Richard Jordan, American actor (b. 1938)
• 1994 – Lindsay Anderson, English director (b. 1923)
• 1995 – Fischer Black, American economist (b. 1938)
• 1995 – Sterling Morrison, American guitarist and singer (The Velvet Underground) (b. 1942)
• 1996 – Christine Pascal, French actress and director (b. 1953)
• 1999 – Jan Brasser, Dutch athlete (b. 1912)
• 1999 – Raymond Poïvet, French illustrator (b. 1910)
• 2000 – David Haskell, American actor (b. 1948)
• 2001 – Ivor Spencer-Thomas, English farmer and inventor (b. 1907)
• 2002 – J. Lee Thompson, English director (b. 1914)
• 2003 – Charles Bronson, American actor (b. 1921)
• 2003 – Donald Davidson, American philosopher (b. 1917)
• 2004 – Bart Huges, Dutch librarian and writer (b. 1934)
• 2004 – Indian Larry, American motorcycle builder and stuntman (b. 1949)
• 2004 – Fred Lawrence Whipple, American astronomer (b. 1906)
• 2005 – Hendrikje van Andel-Schipper, Dutch super-centenarian (b. 1890)
• 2006 – Robin Cooke, Baron Cooke of Thorndon, New Zealand judge (b. 1926)
• 2006 – Glenn Ford, Canadian-American actor (b. 1916)
• 2006 – Naguib Mahfouz, Egyptian author, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)
• 2007 – Michael Jackson, English author and journalist (b. 1942)
• 2007 – Roef Ragas, Dutch actor (b. 1965)
• 2007 – Charles Vanik, American politician (b. 1918)
• 2008 – Killer Kowalski, Canadian wrestler (b. 1926)
• 2009 – Klaus-Peter Hanisch, German footballer (b. 1952)
• 2010 – Alain Corneau, French director and screenwriter (b. 1943)
• 2010 – Francisco Varallo, Argentine footballer (b. 1910)
• 2010 – J. C. Bailey, American wrestler (b. 1983)
• 2011 – Cactus Pryor, American broadcaster (b. 1923)
• 2012 – Bernardo Bonezzi, Spanish composer (b. 1964)
• 2012 – Daire Brehan, Irish journalist and actress (b. 1957)
• 2012 – Igor Kvasha, Russian actor (b. 1933)
• 2012 – Carlos Larrañaga, Spanish actor (b. 1937)
• 2012 – Chris Lighty, American talent manager, co-founded Violator Entertainment (b. 1968)
• 2012 – Jacek Sempoliński, Polish painter (b. 1927)
• 2012 – Vidar Theisen, Norwegian meteorologist (b. 1933)
• 2013 – Seamus Heaney, Irish poet (b. 1939)

Holidays and observances

• Christian Feast Day:
  • Alexander of Constantinople
  • Blessed Alfredo Ildefonso Schuster
  • Charles Chapman Grafton (Episcopal Church (USA))
  • Fantinus
  • Felix and Adauctus
  • Pammachius
  • August 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Constitution Day (Kazakhstan)
• International Day of the Disappeared (International)
• Popular Consultation Day (East Timor)
• Saint Rose of Lima's Day (Peru)
• Victory Day (Turkey)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

• Days of the year
• August