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August 9 is the 221st day of the year (222nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 144 days remain until the end of the year.

Events

• 48 BC – Caesar's civil war: Battle of Pharsalus – Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus and Pompey flees to Egypt.
• 378 – Gothic War: Battle of Adrianople – A large Roman army led by Emperor Valens is defeated by the Visigoths. Valens is killed along with over half of his army.
• 1173 – Construction of the campanile of the Cathedral of Pisa (now known as the Leaning Tower of Pisa) begins; it will take two centuries to complete.
• 1329 – Quilon, the first Indian Christian Diocese, is erected by Pope John XXII; the French-born Jordanus is appointed the first Bishop.
• 1483 – Opening of the Sistine Chapel in Rome with the celebration of a Mass.
• 1610 – The First Anglo-Powhatan War begins in colonial Virginia.
• 1810 – Napoleon annexes Westphalia as part of the First French Empire.
• 1814 – Indian Wars: the Creek sign the Treaty of Fort Jackson, giving up huge parts of Alabama and Georgia.
• 1842 – The Webster-Ashburton Treaty is signed, establishing the United States-Canada border east of the Rocky Mountains.
• 1854 – Henry David Thoreau published Walden.
• 1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Cedar Mountain – At Cedar Mountain, Virginia, Confederate General Stonewall Jackson narrowly defeats Union forces under General John Pope.
• 1877 – Indian Wars: Battle of Big Hole – A small band of Nez Percé Indians clash with the United States Army
• 1892 – Thomas Edison receives a patent for a two-way telegraph.
• 1902 – Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark are crowned King and Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
• 1907 – The first Boy Scout encampment concludes at Brownsea Island in southern England.
• 1925 – A train robbery takes place in Kakori, near Lucknow, India
• 1930 – Betty Boop made her cartoon debut in Dizzy Dishes.
• 1936 – Summer Olympic Games: Games of the XI Olympiad – Jesse Owens wins his fourth gold medal at the games becoming the first American to win four medals in one Olympiad.
• 1942 – Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi is arrested in Bombay by British forces, launching the Quit India Movement.
• 1942 – World War II: Battle of Savo Island – Allied naval forces protecting their amphibious forces during the initial stages of the Battle of Guadalcanal are surprised and defeated by an Imperial Japanese Navy cruiser force.
• 1944 – The United States Forest Service and the Wartime Advertising Council release posters featuring Smokey Bear for the first time.
• 1944 – Continuation War: The Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive, the largest offensive launched by Soviet Union against Finland during the Second World War, ends to a strategic stalemate. Both Finnish and Soviet troops at the Finnish front dug to defensive positions, and the front remains stable until the end of the war.
• 1945 – World War II: Nagasaki is devastated when an atomic bomb, Fat Man, is dropped by the United States B-29 Bockscar. 39,000 people are killed outright.
• 1965 – Singapore is expelled from Malaysia and becomes the first and only country to date to gain independence unwillingly.
• 1965 – A fire at a Titan missile base near Searcy, Arkansas kills 53 construction workers.
• 1969 – Followers led by Charles Manson murder pregnant actress Sharon Tate (wife of Roman Polanski), coffee heiress Abigail Folger, Polish actor Wojciech Frykowski, men's hairstylist Jay Sebring and recent high-school graduate Steven Parent.
• 1971 – The Troubles: The British security forces in Northern Ireland launch Operation Demetrius. Hundreds of people are arrested and interned, thousands are displaced, and twenty are killed in the violence that followed.
• 1974 – As a direct result of the Watergate scandal, Richard Nixon becomes the first President of the United States to resign from office. His Vice President, Gerald Ford, becomes president.
• 1993 – The Liberal Democratic Party of Japan loses a 38-year hold on national leadership.
• 1999 – Russian President Boris Yeltsin fires his Prime Minister, Sergei Stepashin, and for the fourth time fires his entire cabinet.
• 2006 – At least 21 suspected terrorists were arrested in the 2006 transatlantic aircraft plot that happened in the United Kingdom. The arrests were made in London, Birmingham, and High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire, in an overnight operation.

Births

• 1201 – Arnold Fitz Thedmar, English merchant (d. 1274)
• 1537 – Francesco Barozzi, Italian mathematician and astronomer (d. 1604)
• 1544 – Bogislaw XIII, Duke of Pomerania (d. 1606)
• 1603 – Johannes Cocceius, German-Dutch theologian (d. 1669)
• 1631 – John Dryden, English poet, playwright, and critic (d. 1700)
• 1648 – Johann Michael Bach, German composer (d. 1694)
• 1653 – John Oldham, English poet (d. 1683)
• 1669 – Eudoxia Lopukhina, Russian wife of Peter the Great (d. 1731)
• 1674 – František Maxmilián Kaňka, Czech architect, designed the Veltrusy Mansion (d. 1766)
• 1696 – Joseph Wenzel I, Prince of Liechtenstein (d. 1772)
• 1722 – Prince Augustus William of Prussia (d. 1758)
• 1726 – Francesco Cetti, Italian priest, zoologist, and mathematician (d. 1778)
• 1754 – Pierre Charles L'Enfant, French-American architect and engineer, designed Washington, D.C. (d. 1825)
• 1757 – Thomas Telford, Scottish architect and engineer (d. 1834)
• 1776 – Amedeo Avogadro, Italian physicist (d. 1856)
• 1783 – Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia (d. 1801)
• 1788 – Adoniram Judson, American missionary (d. 1850)
• 1797 – Charles Robert Malden, English lieutenant (d. 1855)
• 1805 – Joseph Locke, English engineer (d. 1860)
• 1845 – André Bessette, Canadian saint (d. 1937)
• 1847 – Maria Vittoria dal Pozzo, French-Italian wife of Amadeo I of Spain (d. 1876)
• 1867 – Evelina Haverfield, Scottish activist (d. 1920)
• 1872 – Archduke Joseph August of Austria (d. 1962)
• 1874 – Reynaldo Hahn, Venezuelan composer and conductor (d. 1947)
• 1874 – Otto Steffen, American gymnast
• 1875 – Albert Ketèlbey, English pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1959)
• 1896 – Erich Hückel, German physicist and chemist (d. 1980)
• 1896 – Jean Piaget, Swiss psychologist and philosopher (d. 1980)
• 1899 – P. L. Travers, Australian-English author (d. 1996)
• 1901 – Charles Farrell, American actor and singer (d. 1990)
• 1902 – Zino Francescatti, French violinist (d. 1991)
• 1909 – V. K. Gokak, Indian scholar (d. 1992)
• 1909 – Adam von Trott zu Solz, German lawyer and diplomat (d. 1944)
• 1911 – William Alfred Fowler, American astrophysicist, Nobel Laureate (d. 1996)
• 1911 – Eddie Futch, American boxing trainer (d. 2001)
• 1913 – Wilbur Norman Christiansen, Australian astronomer and engineer (d. 2007)
• 1914 – Ferenc Fricsay, Hungarian conductor (d. 1963)
• 1914 – Tove Jansson, Finnish author (d. 2001)
• 1914 – Joe Mercer, English footballer and manager (d. 1990)
• 1918 – Kermit Beahan, American colonel (d. 1989)
• 1918 – Giles Cooper, Irish playwright (d. 1966)
• 1918 – Albert Seedman, American police officer (d. 2013)
• 1919 – Joop den Uyl, Dutch journalist, economist, and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 1987)
• 1919 – Ralph Houk, American baseball player and manager (d. 2010)
• 1920 – Enzo Biagi, Italian journalist and author (d. 2007)
• 1920 – Francis Lynch, American politician (d. 1993)
• 1921 – Ernest Angley, American evangelist and author
• 1921 – J. James Exon, American politician, 33rd Governor of Nebraska (d. 2005)
• 1922 – Philip Larkin, English poet and author (d. 1985)
• 1924 – Mathews Mar Barnabas, Indian metropolitan (d. 2012)
• 1925 – David A. Huffman, American computer scientist (d. 1999)
• 1927 – Daniel Keyes, American author
• 1927 – Marvin Minsky, American computer scientist
• 1927 – Robert Shaw, English actor and screenwriter (d. 1978)
• 1928 – Zeb Alley, American lawyer and politician (d. 2013)
• 1928 – Bob Cousy, American basketball player and coach
• 1928 – Camilla Wicks, American violinist
• 1928 – Dolores Wilson, American soprano (d. 2010)
• 1929 – Abdi İpekçi, Turkish journalist and activist (d. 1979)
• 1930 – Milt Bolling, American baseball player (d. 2013)
• 1930 – Jacques Parizeau, Canadian economist and politician, 26th Premier of Quebec
• 1931 – Chuck Essegian, American baseball player and lawyer
• 1931 – Mário Zagallo, Brazilian footballer and coach
• 1932 – John Gomery, Canadian jurist
• 1933 – Tetsuko Kuroyanagi, Japanese actress, talk show host, and author
• 1935 – Beverlee McKinsey, American actress (d. 2008)
• 1936 – Julián Javier, American baseball player
• 1936 – Patrick Tse, Chinese-Hong Kong actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1938 – Leonid Kuchma, Ukrainian politician, 2nd President of Ukraine
• 1938 – Rod Laver, Australian tennis player
• 1938 – Otto Rehhagel, German footballer, coach, and manager
• 1939 – Hércules Brito Ruas, Brazilian footballer
• 1939 – Bulle Ogier, French actress
• 1939 – Romano Prodi, Italian politician, 52nd Prime Minister of Italy
• 1941 – Way Bandy, American make-up artist (d. 1986)
• 1941 – Shirlee Busbee, American author
• 1942 – Tommie Agee, American baseball player (d. 2001)
• 1942 – Jack DeJohnette, American drummer, pianist, and composer
• 1942 – David Steinberg, Canadian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1943 – Ken Norton, American boxer and actor (d. 2013)
• 1944 – Sam Elliott, American actor
• 1944 – Patricia McKissack, American author
• 1945 – Barbara Delinsky, American author
• 1945 – Aleksandr Gorelik, Russian figure skater (d. 2012)
• 1945 – Zurab Sakandelidze, Georgian basketball player (d. 2004)
• 1945 – Posy Simmonds, English illustrator
• 1946 – Jim Kiick, American football player
• 1947 – Roy Hodgson, English footballer and manager
• 1947 – Barbara Mason, American singer
• 1947 – John Varley, American author
• 1948 – Bill Campbell, American baseball player
• 1949 – Jonathan Kellerman, American psychologist and author
• 1949 – Ted Simmons, American baseball player and coach
• 1951 – Steve Swisher, American baseball player and manager
• 1952 – Prateep Ungsongtham Hata, Thai politician
• 1953 – Kay Stenshjemmet, Norwegian speed skater
• 1953 – Roberta Tovey, English actress and singer
• 1954 – Ray Jennings, South African cricketer and coach
• 1955 – Peter Schmuck, American journalist
• 1955 – John E. Sweeney, American lawyer and politician
• 1957 – Melanie Griffith, American actress
• 1958 – Amanda Bearse, American actress and director
• 1958 – James Lileks, American journalist
• 1959 – Kurtis Blow, American rapper and producer
• 1959 – Stuart Hughes, Canadian actor
• 1959 – Michael Kors, American fashion designer
• 1959 – Toni Servillo, Italian actor and director
• 1961 – Brad Gilbert, American tennis player
• 1961 – John Key, New Zealand politician, 38th Prime Minister of New Zealand
• 1961 – Amy Stiller, American actress
• 1962 – Louis Lipps, American football player and radio host
• 1962 – Kevin Mack, American football player
• 1962 – John "Hot Rod" Williams, American basketball player
• 1963 – Whitney Houston, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress (d. 2012)
• 1964 – Brett Hull, Canadian-American ice hockey player and manager
• 1964 – Hoda Kotb, American journalist
• 1966 – Vinny Del Negro, American basketball player and coach
• 1967 – Deion Sanders, American football and baseball player
• 1968 – McG, American director and producer
• 1968 – Gillian Anderson, American-English actress
• 1968 – Eric Bana, Australian actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1968 – Sam Fogarino, American drummer (Interpol and Magnetic Morning)
• 1969 – Smaragda Karydi, Greek actress
• 1969 – Troy Percival, American baseball player and coach
• 1969 – Estella Marie Thompson, American sex worker
• 1970 – Rod Brind'Amour, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1970 – Chris Cuomo, American journalist
• 1970 – Thomas Lennon, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1971 – Mack 10, American rapper and actor (Westside Connection)
• 1971 – James Kim, American technology expert (d. 2006)
• 1971 – Mark Povinelli, American actor
• 1971 – Davide Rebellin, Italian cyclist
• 1971 – Nikki Ziering, American model and actress
• 1972 – A-mei, Taiwanese singer
• 1972 – Juanes, Colombian singer-songwriter and guitarist (Ekhymosis)
• 1972 – Ryan Bollman, American actor
• 1973 – Filippo Inzaghi, Italian footballer
• 1973 – Kevin McKidd, Scottish actor and director
• 1973 – Gene Luen Yang, American author and illustrator
• 1974 – Derek Fisher, American basketball player
• 1974 – Stephen Fung, Hong Kong actor, singer, director, and screenwriter
• 1974 – Matt Morris, American baseball player
• 1974 – Kirill Reznik, American lawyer and politician
• 1974 – Nicola Stapleton, English actress and singer
• 1975 – Mahesh Babu, Indian actor
• 1975 – Mike Lamb, American baseball player
• 1975 – Robbie Middleby, Australian footballer
• 1976 – Nawaf al-Hazmi, Saudi Arabian terrorist, hijacker American Airlines Flight 77 (d. 2001)
• 1976 – Jessica Capshaw, American actress
• 1976 – Aled Haydn Jones, Welsh radio host and producer
• 1976 – Rhona Mitra, English actress and singer
• 1976 – Mark Priestley, Australian actor (d. 2008)
• 1977 – Csaba Csordás, Hungarian footballer
• 1977 – Jason Frasor, American baseball player
• 1977 – Chamique Holdsclaw, American basketball player
• 1977 – Adewale Ogunleye, American football player
• 1977 – Ime Udoka, American basketball player and coach
• 1977 – Mikaël Silvestre, French footballer
• 1978 – Daniela Denby-Ashe, English actress
• 1978 – Audrey Tautou, French actress
• 1978 – Ana Serradilla, Mexican actress
• 1979 – Michael Kingma, Australian basketball player
• 1979 – Tony Stewart, American football player
• 1979 – Kyle Watson, American mixed martial artist
• 1980 – Texas Battle, American actor
• 1980 – Nuria Cabanillas, Canadian-Spanish gymnast
• 1980 – Charlie David, Canadian actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1980 – Rachel Kramer, Dutch singer
• 1980 – Ryoo Seung-bum, South Korean actor and singer
• 1980 – Dominic Tabuna, Nauruan politician
• 1981 – Jarvis Hayes, American basketball player
• 1981 – Li Jiawei, Singaporean table tennis player
• 1982 – Joel Anthony, American basketball player
• 1982 – Tyson Gay, American sprinter
• 1982 – Yekaterina Samutsevich, Russian singer and activist (Pussy Riot)
• 1982 – Kanstantsin Siutsou, Belorussian cyclist
• 1983 – Ashley Johnson, American actress and singer
• 1983 – Shane O'Brien, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1983 – Alicja Smietana, Polish-English violinist
• 1984 – Paul Gallagher, Scottish footballer
• 1985 – Luca Filippi, Italian race car driver
• 1985 – Anna Kendrick, American actress and singer
• 1985 – Hayley Peirsol, American swimmer
• 1985 – JaMarcus Russell, American football player
• 1985 – Chandler Williams, American football player (d. 2013)
• 1986 – Michael Lerchl, German footballer
• 1986 – Daniel Preussner, German rugby player
• 1986 – Tyler "Telle" Smith, American singer-songwriter and bass player (The Word Alive, In Fear and Faith, and Greeley Estates)
• 1986 – Rafaela Zanella, Brazilian model, Miss Brazil 2006
• 1987 – Marco Carmona, Mexican illustrator
• 1988 – Anthony Castonzo, American football player
• 1988 – Vasilios Koutsianikoulis, Greek footballer
• 1989 – Jason Heyward, American baseball player
• 1989 – Stefano Okaka, Italian footballer
• 1990 – Adelaide Kane, Australian actress
• 1990 – Bill Skarsgård, Swedish actor
• 1991 – Hansika Motwani, Indian actress
• 1991 – Candela Vetrano, Argentinian actress and singer
• 2005 – Caylee Anthony, American murder victim (d. 2008)

Deaths

• 117 – Trajan, Roman emperor (b. 53)
• 378 – Traianus, Roman general
• 378 – Valens, Roman emperor (b. 328)
• 803 – Irene of Athens (b. 752)
• 833 – Al-Ma'mun, Iraqi caliph (b. 786)
• 1048 – Pope Damasus II
• 1107 – Emperor Horikawa of Japan (b. 1079)
• 1173 – Najm ad-Din Ayyub, Kurdish soldier and politician
• 1250 – Eric IV of Denmark (b. 1216)
• 1534 – Thomas Cajetan, Italian cardinal and philosopher (b. 1470)
• 1580 – Patriarch Metrophanes III of Constantinople (b. 1520)
• 1601 – Michael the Brave, Romanian prince (b. 1558)
• 1634 – William Noy, English jurist (b. 1577)
• 1720 – Simon Ockley, English orientalist (b. 1678)
• 1744 – James Brydges, 1st Duke of Chandos, English politician (b. 1673)
• 1816 – Johann August Apel, German jurist and author (b. 1771)
• 1837 – Xavier Sigalon, French painter (b. 1787)
• 1886 – Samuel Ferguson, Irish poet (b. 1810)
• 1910 – Huo Yuanjia, Chinese martial artist, co-founded the Chin Woo Athletic Association (b. 1868)
• 1919 – Ruggero Leoncavallo, Italian composer (b. 1857)
• 1942 – Edith Stein, German nun and saint (b. 1891)
• 1943 – Chaim Soutine, Belarusian-French painter (b. 1894)
• 1945 – Robert Hampton Gray, Canadian lieutenant and pilot, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1917)
• 1945 – Harry Hillman, American runner (b. 1881)
• 1946 – Bert Vogler, South African cricketer (b. 1876)
• 1949 – Edward Thorndike, American psychologist (b. 1874)
• 1957 – Carl Clauberg, German physician (b. 1898)
• 1963 – Patrick Bouvier Kennedy, American son of John F. Kennedy (b. 1963)
• 1962 – Hermann Hesse, German-Swiss author and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1877)
• 1967 – Joe Orton, English author and playwright (b. 1933)
• 1969 – Abigail Folger, American heiress and activist (b. 1943)
• 1969 – Wojciech Frykowski, Polish-American actor and author (b. 1936)
• 1969 – Jay Sebring, American hair stylist, founded Sebring International (b. 1933)
• 1969 – Sharon Tate, American actress (b. 1943)
• 1969 – Steven Parent, American student (b. 1951)
• 1969 – C. F. Powell, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1903)
• 1974 – Bill Chase, American trumpet player and bandleader (Chase) (b. 1934)
• 1975 – Dmitri Shostakovich, Russian pianist and composer (b. 1906)
• 1978 – James Gould Cozzens, American author (b. 1903)
• 1979 – Walter O'Malley, American businessman (b. 1903)
• 1979 – Raymond Washington, American gang leader, founded the Crips (b. 1953)
• 1980 – Jacqueline Cochran, American pilot (b. 1906)
• 1985 – Clive Churchill, Australian rugby player and coach (b. 1927)
• 1988 – Giacinto Scelsi, Italian composer (b. 1905)
• 1988 – Ramón Valdés, Mexican actor (b. 1923)
• 1990 – Joe Mercer, English footballer and manager (b. 1914)
• 1992 – Fereydoun Farrokhzad, Iranian singer and actor (b. 1938)
• 1995 – Jerry Garcia, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Grateful Dead, New Riders of the Purple Sage, Legion of Mary, Old and in the Way, and Reconstruction) (b. 1942)
• 1996 – Frank Whittle, English soldier and engineer, invented the jet engine (b. 1907)
• 1999 – Fouad Serageddin, Egyptian politician (b. 1910)
• 2000 – John Harsanyi, Hungarian-American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1920)
• 2000 – Nicholas Markowitz, American murder victim (b. 1984)
• 2002 – Paul Samson, English guitarist (Samson) (b. 1953)
• 2002 – Peter Neville, English sociologist and activist
• 2003 – Jacques Deray, French director and screenwriter (b. 1929)
• 2003 – Ray Harford, English footballer and manager (b. 1945)
• 2003 – Gregory Hines, American actor, singer, dancer, and choreographer (b. 1946)
• 2003 – Chester Ludgin, American opera singer (b. 1925)
• 2003 – R. Sivagurunathan, Sri Lankan lawyer, journalist, and academic (b. 1931)
• 2004 – Robert Lecourt, French lawyer and politician, Lord Chancellor of France (b. 1908)
• 2004 – Tony Mottola, American guitarist (b. 1918)
• 2004 – David Raksin, American composer (b. 1912)
• 2005 – Matthew McGrory, American actor (b. 1973)
• 2005 – Judith Rossner, American author (b. 1935)
• 2006 – Philip E. High, English author (b. 1914)
• 2006 – James Van Allen, American physicist (b. 1914)
• 2007 – Joe O'Donnell, American photographer and journalist (b. 1922)
• 2008 – Bernie Mac, American comedian, actor, screenwriter, and producer (b. 1957)
• 2008 – Mahmoud Darwish, Palestinian author and poet (b. 1941)
• 2010 – Ted Stevens, American politician (b. 1923)
• 2012 – Gerard Campbell, American academic (b. 1919)
• 2012 – Carl Davis, American record producer (b. 1934)
• 2012 – Gene F. Franklin, American theorist (b. 1927)
• 2012 – Al Freeman, Jr., American actor, director, and educator (b. 1934)
• 2012 – Dale Olson, American publicist (b. 1934)
• 2012 – David Rakoff, Canadian-American actor and journalist (b. 1964)
• 2012 – Carmen Belen Richardson, Puerto Rican actress (b. 1930)
• 2012 – Mel Stuart, American director and producer (b. 1928)
• 2013 – Haji, Canadian-American actress (b. 1946)
• 2013 – Harry Elliott, American baseball player and coach (b. 1923)
• 2013 – Eduardo Falú, Argentinian guitarist and composer (b. 1923)
• 2013 – Glen Hobbie, American baseball player (b. 1936)
• 2013 – Louis Killen, English singer (b. 1934)
• 2013 – Johnny Logan, American baseball player (b. 1927)
• 2013 – William Lynch, Jr., American politician (b. 1947)
• 2013 – Brian Moll, English-Australian actor (b. 1925)
• 2013 – Ahmed Ishtiaq Mubarak, Malaysian hurdler (b. 1948)
• 2013 – Phill Nixon, English darts player (b. 1956)
• 2013 – John H. Ross, American caption (b. 1918)
• 2013 – Vladimir Vikulov, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1946)

Holidays and observances

• Christian Feast Day:
  • Edith Stein
  • Firmus and Rusticus
  • Herman of Alaska (Russian Orthodox Church and related congregations; Episcopal Church (USA))
  • Jean Vianney
  • Nath Í of Achonry
  • Romanus Ostiarius
  • Mary Sumner (Church of England)
  • Secundian, Marcellian and Verian
  • August 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• International Day of the World's Indigenous People (International)
• National Day, celebrates the independence of Singapore from Malaysia in 1965.
• National Peacekeepers' Day, celebrated on Sunday closest to the day (Canada)
• National Women's Day (South Africa)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

• Days of the year
• August