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Revision as of 02:59, 26 October 2013 by 50.15.45.203 (talk) (→July 2013 revolution)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)| Abdel Fattah el-Sisi | |
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| Deputy Prime Minister of Egypt | |
| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office 16 July 2013 | |
| President | Adly Mansour (acting) |
| Prime Minister | Hazem Al Beblawi (interim) |
| Preceded by | Momtaz El-Saeed |
| 44th Minister of Defence | |
| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office 12 August 2012 | |
| President | Mohamed Morsi Adly Mansour (acting) |
| Prime Minister | Hesham Qandil Hazem Al Beblawi (interim) |
| Preceded by | Mohamed Hussein Tantawi |
| Commander-In-Chief of the Armed Forces of Egypt | |
| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office 12 August 2012 | |
| President | Mohamed Morsi Adly Mansour (acting) |
| Prime Minister | Hesham Qandil Hazem Al Beblawi (interim) |
| Preceded by | Mohamed Hussein Tantawi |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Abdel Fattah Saeed Hussein Khalil el-Sisi (1954-11-19) 19 November 1954 (age 70) Cairo |
| Political party | Independent |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Egypt |
| Branch/service | Egyptian Army |
| Years of service | 1977–present |
| Rank |  General |
| Unit | Infantry |
| Commands | Minister of Defense and Military Production Military Intelligence and Reconnaissance Northern Military Region 23rd Mechanized Division (Suez) |
| Battles/wars | |
Abdel Fattah Saeed Hussein Khalil el-Sisi (Template:Lang-ar, ‘Abd al-Fattāḥ Sa‘īd Ḥusayn Khalīl al-Sīsī, IPA: [ʕæbdel.fætˈtæːħ sæˈʕiːd ħeˈseːn xæˈliːl esˈsiːsi]; more commonly known as General Sisi), (born 19 November 1954) is an Egyptian General who has been Commander-in-Chief of the Egyptian Armed Forces, as well as Minister of Defence, since 12 August 2012. As head of the armed forces, he played the leading role in the July 2013 military coup, which ousted President Mohamed Morsi, following protests against Morsi and his government. Al-Sisi was subsequently appointed as First Deputy Prime Minister, while remaining Minister of Defense.
Early life and military education
El-Sisi was born in Cairo on 19 November 1954. He graduated from the Egyptian Military Academy in 1977. He attended the following courses:
- General Command and Staff Course, Egyptian Command and Staff College, 1987
- General Command and Staff Course, Joint Command and Staff College, United Kingdom, 1992
- War Course, Fellowship of the Higher War College, Nasser's Military Sciences Academy, Egypt, 2003
- War Course, US Army War College, United States, 2006
- Egyptian Military Attaché in Riyadh, KSA
- Basic Infantry Course, USA.
Qualifications
- Bachelor of Military Sciences.
- Company Commander Course.
- Battalion Commander Course.
- Master's Degree in Military Sciences (Command and Staff College).
- Fellowship of the High War College (Nasser Higher Military Academy).
Career
El-Sisi received his commission as a military officer in 1977 serving in the mechanized infantry, specializing in anti-tank warfare and mortar warfare. He became Commander of the Northern Military Region-Alexandria in 2008 and then Director of Military Intelligence and Reconnaissance. El-Sisi was the youngest member of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces of Egypt. On 12 August 2012, Egyptian president Mohamed Morsi took a decision to replace Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, the head of the Egyptian Armed Forces, by el-Sisi, and promoted him to the rank of General. El-Sisi also took the post of Minister of Defense and Military Production in the Qandil Cabinet.
Key positions
- Chief of the Information and Security of the Secretariat of the Ministry of Defence.
- The commander of a mechanical infantry battalion .
- Defense diplomat in Saudi Arabia.
- Mechanical Infantry Brigade commander.
- Mechanical infantry division commander.
- Chief of Staff of the northern military region.
- The military commander of the northern region.
- Director of military intelligence and reconnaissance.
- Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces and Minister of Defense and Military Production.
Minister of Defense
Since el-Sisi was appointed as Minister of Defense on 12 August 2012, there have been concerns in Egypt regarding rumors that General el-Sisi is the hand of the Muslim Brotherhood in the army, though el-Sisi has always declared that the Egyptian army stands on the side of Egyptian people. On 28 April 2013, during celebrations for Sinai Liberation Day, el-Sisi said that, "the hand that harms any Egyptian must be cut". This statement was taken by Morsi opponents as a clarification that the Army is in support the people. However, the statement was described by Morsi supporters that el-Sisi was warning Morsi opponents that he would not allow an overthrow of the government. He remained in office under the new government, formed after the coup that deposed Morsi, and led by Hazem Al Beblawi. He was also appointed Deputy Prime Minister of Egypt.
July 2013 revolution
Main article: 2013 Egyptian coup d'étatOn 30 June 2013 a military coupe took place in Cairo and other Egyptian cities including Alexandria, Port Said, Suez.
Clashes took place around Egypt. Soon afterwards the Egyptian Army which aired on television issuing a 48-hour ultimatum that gave the country's political parties until 3 July to meet the demands of the anti-morsi demonstrators. The Egyptian military also threatened to intervene if the dispute was not resolved by then.
On 2 July 2013 the presidency rejected the Egyptian Army's 48-hour ultimatum and Morsi made a late speech declaring that he would "defend the legitimacy of his elected office with his life and he won't step down."
On 3 July 2013, having failed to meet the deadline and Morsi failing in getting a national consensus, Egypt's armed forces overthrew Morsi, installing Adly Mansour as the interim head of state in his place, and ordering the arrest of many members of the Muslim Brotherhood on charges of "inciting violence and disturbing general security and peace" Al-Sisi announced on television that the president had "failed to meet the demands of the Egyptian people" and declared that the constitution would be suspended, which was met by an acceptance from Tahrir protesters and condemnation from pro-Morsi supporters all over Egypt. Many Islamist movements, such as the Muslim Brotherhood, El Wasat Party and Gamaa Islamiyya, rejected what they called a military coup as "illegitimate" and "anti-democratic".
The new Prime Minister Hazem Al Beblawi decided to split the Ministry of Defense and Military Production into two ministries. El-Sisi retained the defense portfolio, while Air Marshall Reda Hafez received the military production portfolio. Beblawi also named el-Sisi as First Deputy Prime Minister of Egypt. He was sworn in on 16 July 2013.
El-Sisi as a new hero
The anti-Morsi demonstrators on the streets welcomed el-Sisi's decision overthrowing Morsi with celebrations and lifting posters for the General el-Sisi and chanting "The Army and the People are one hand", supporting General el-Sisi didn't stop at that but also reached the social networks as thousands of Egyptians changed their profile pictures to the picture of el-Sisi while others started campaigns requesting Al-Sisi to be given the field marshal military rank while others hoped he would be nominated in the next presidential elections.
However, after the killing of dozens of protesters by the army at the Republican Guard headquarters, some liberal activists, who had supported the ousting of Morsi, publicly voiced their concerns: "I'm not happy when they use violence. And I'm worried about them using it again," said Gamal Eid, a well-known Human Rights activist.
Call for mass demonstrations
On 24 July, during a speech at a military parade, General el-Sisi called for mass demonstrations to grant Military and Police a “mandate” to crack down on “terrorism”. some saw that that this means Al-sisi was in need to the people to prove to the world that it wasn't a coup but a popular will while it was seen by others as contradicting the military’s pledges to hand over power to civilians after removing Mr. Morsi and as an indication for an imminent crackdown against Islamists.
The reactions to el-Sisi's announcement ranged from open support by the Egyptian presidency and the Tamarod movement to rejection, not only by the Muslim Brotherhood, but also by the Salafi Al-Nour Party, the moderate Strong Egypt Party, the revolutionary April 6 Youth Movement and Egyptian Human Rights groups.
However, in friday July 26, 2013, millions rallied across Egypt responding Al-Sisi's call which was described as "the largest crowds in 2 1/2 years of upheaval" and even bigger numbers than June 30, 2013 demonstrations
The August 2013 Egyptian raids by the Egyptian military, under commands from El-Sisi, participated with Police in removing camps of Muslim Brotherhood supporters from sit-ins being held throughout the country. This resulted in rapidly escalating violence that eventually led to the deaths of 638 people, of whom 595 were civilians and 43 police officers, with at least 3,994 injured. which was explained by the Government that Police went on to use dispersing the sit in on 14 August 2013, with the least possible damage, to set Egypt ablaze which is documented in s file published by the State Information Services as hundreds of civilians and police fell as victims, in addition to those from the Muslim Brotherhood side saying that Muslim Brotherhood supporters imposed blockade for 46 days against the people in Al Nahda and Rabaa al-Adawiya squares under the name of sit-in where tens of protests took to the street daily hindered the lives of the Egyptians, caused unrest and the fall of many victims and injured and the damage in public and private properties.
In August 3, 2013 Al-Sisi gave his first interview since the overthrow of President Mohammad Morsi talking to The Washington Post he criticized the U.S. response, accusing the Obama administration of disregarding the Egyptian popular will and of providing insufficient support amid threats of a civil war saying
“You left the Egyptians. You turned your back on the Egyptians, and they won’t forget that,”
On 6 October war anniversary, Al-Sisi announced that the army is committed to the popular mandate of 26 July 2013: “We are committed, in front of God, to the Egyptian and Arab people that we will protect Egypt, the Egyptians and their free will.”
6 October war anniversary
In October 6, 2013 and during 6 October war anniversary celebration, General Al-Sisi invited the Emirati, Iraqi, Bahraini, Moroccan and Jordanian defense ministers to celebrate with Egypt, and during his speech he said in a warning way that the Egyptian people “will never forget who stood with them or against them”.. Al-Sisi described 6 October as “a day to celebrate for all Arabs”, hoping for the “unification of Arabs”. He also thanked “Egypt's Arab brothers, who stood by its side.” Al-Sisi commented on the relationship between the Egyptian army and Egyptian people, saying that it is hard to break. Al-Sisi said: “We would die before you would feel pain”. He also compared the Egyptian army to the Pyramid, saying that “it cannot be broken”.
Orders, decorations and medals
- 25 April Decoration (Liberation Of Sinai).
- File:The Medal of Distinguished Service Egypt.gif Distinguished Service Decoration.
- File:The Medal of Military Duty.gif Military Duty Decoration, Second Class.
- File:The Medal of Military Duty.gif Military Duty Decoration, First Class.
- File:Medal of Long Service and Good Example Egypt.gif Longevity & Exemplary Medal.
- File:Kuwait Liberation Medal Egypt.gif Liberation of Kuwait Medal.
- File:October 6 Memorial Medal Egypt.gif Silver Jubilee of October War Medal.
- Golden Jubilee of the 23rd of July Revolution.
- File:Liberation Medal Egypt.gif Silver Jubilee of The Liberation Of Sinai Medal.
- 25 January Revolution Medal.
See also
References
- Associated Press. Hosted2.ap.org. Retrieved on 2013-08-15.
- "Abdel Fattah al Sisi: New commander of the armed forces". Egypt Independent. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
- "Profile: Egypt armed forces chief Abdul Fattah al-Sisi". BBC. 21 August 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
- "Egypt's new defense minister seen as U.S.-friendly". Daily Star. 10 September 2012. Retrieved 18 June 2013.
- ^ "General Al-sisi bio".
- "Morsy assumes power: Sacks Tantawi and Anan, reverses constitutional decree and reshuffles SCAF". Daily News Egypt. 12 August 2012. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- "Al-Sisi : The hand that harm any egyptian must be cut".
- "Profile: General Abdel Fattah Al Sisi". Al Jazeera. 3 July 2013. Retrieved 3 July 2013.
- "Egypt Orders Mass Arrests Of Muslim Brotherhood Members". Al Jazeera. 3 July 2013. Retrieved 3 July 2013.
- "Cabinet ministers sworn in". Daily News Egypt. 16 July 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2013.
- "Egypt's Morsi gone, military brings hope not coup".
- "Army embrace starts to worry some Egyptians". Reuters. 15 July 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- "Showdown in Cairo: Egyptian general demands permission to take on the 'terrorists'". The Independent. 24 July 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- ^ "Egyptian General Calls for Mass Protests". New York Times. 24 July 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- "Army chief's rally call finds backing in Egypt press". BBC. 25 July 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- "Egypt's presidency calls for protests against 'terrorism'". ahram online. 24 July 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- "'Rebel' endorses El-Sisi's call for Friday demos". ahram online. 25 July 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- "Egypt's Nour Party and 6 April reject El-Sisi's call for Friday rallies". ahram online. 24 July 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- "Egypt's Abol Fotouh warns against army-called rally". Chicago Tribune. 24 July 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- "6 April Youth Movement to stay off the streets on Friday". Daily News Egypt. 26 July 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- "Egypt rights groups voice misgiving about army's call for rallies". ahram online. 26 July 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- "Egypt rights groups voice misgiving about army's call for rallies". AP. 26 July 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
- "Death toll from Egypt violence rises to 638: Health ministry". Al-Ahram. 15 August 2013. Archived from the original on 19 August 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
- Kirkpatrick, David D. (15 August 2013). "Islamists Debate Their Next Move in Tense Cairo". New York Times. Archived from the original on 19 August 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
- State Information Services (15 August 2013). August 2013 "Sit in Dispersal". State Information Services. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
{{cite news}}:|archive-url=requires|archive-date=(help); Check|archiveurl=value (help) - ^ "Egypt rights groups voice misgiving about army's call for rallies". Daily News Egypt. 7 October 2013. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
- ^ "Orders, decorations and medals".
External links
- Egyptian State Information Service CV
- Egyptian Armed Forces Commander-in-chief CV
- El-Sisi is the new commander-in-chief of the Egyptian armed forces
- Curriculum Vitae of the General el-Sisi Template:Ar icon
- Al-Sisi's Official Facebook Page
| Military offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded byMohamed Hussein Tantawi | Commander-in-Chief of the Egyptian Armed Forces 2012–present |
Incumbent |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded byMohamed Hussein Tantawi | Minister of Defence 2012–present |
Incumbent |
| Preceded byMohamed Morsi | Supreme Commander of the Egyptian Armed Forces 2013–present |
Incumbent |
| Qandil Cabinet | |
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