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Day of the yearAugust 21 is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar ; 132 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
1192 – Minamoto no Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the de facto ruler of Japan . (Traditional Japanese date : July 12, 1192)
1331 – King Stephen Uroš III , after months of anarchy, surrenders to his son and rival Stephen Dušan , who succeeds as King of Serbia .
1680 – Pueblo Indians capture Santa Fe from Spanish during the Pueblo Revolt .
1689 – The Battle of Dunkeld in Scotland .
1770 – James Cook formally claims eastern Australia for Great Britain , naming it New South Wales .
1772 – King Gustav III completes his coup d'état by adopting a new Constitution , ending half a century of parliamentary rule in Sweden and installing himself as an enlightened despot .
1778 – American Revolutionary War : British forces begin besieging the French outpost at Pondichéry .
1808 – Battle of Vimeiro : British and Portuguese forces led by General Arthur Wellesley defeat French force under Major-General Jean-Andoche Junot near the village of Vimeiro , Portugal , the first Anglo-Portuguese victory of the Peninsular War .
1810 – Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte , Marshal of France , is elected Crown Prince of Sweden by the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates .
1821 – Jarvis Island is discovered by the crew of the ship, Eliza Frances .
1831 – Nat Turner leads black slaves and free blacks in a rebellion.
1852 – Tlingit Indians destroy Fort Selkirk, Yukon Territory.
1863 – Lawrence, Kansas is destroyed by Confederate guerrillas Quantrill's Raiders in the Lawrence Massacre .
1879 – The Virgin Mary, along with St. Joseph and St. John the Evangelist, reportedly appears at Knock Shrine in Knock, County Mayo , Ireland .
1883 – An F5 tornado strikes Rochester, Minnesota , leading to the creation of the Mayo Clinic .
1888 – The first successful adding machine in the United States is patented by William Seward Burroughs .
1897 – Oldsmobile , a brand of American automobiles was founded.
1911 – The Mona Lisa is stolen by a Louvre employee.
1918 – World War I : The Second Battle of the Somme begins.
1942 – World War II : The flag of Nazi Germany is installed atop the Mount Elbrus , the highest peak of the Caucasus mountain range.
1942 – World War II: the Guadalcanal Campaign : American forces defeat an attack by Imperial Japanese Army soldiers in the Battle of the Tenaru .
1944 – Dumbarton Oaks Conference , prelude to the United Nations , begins.
1944 – World War II: Canadian and Polish units capture the strategically important town of Falaise, Calvados , France .
1945 – Physicist Harry K. Daghlian, Jr. is fatally irradiated in a criticality accident during an experiment with the Demon core at Los Alamos National Laboratory .
1957 – The Soviet Union successfully conducts a long-range test flight of the R-7 Semyorka , the first intercontinental ballistic missile .
1959 – United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs an executive order proclaiming Hawaii the 50th state of the union. Hawaii's admission is currently commemorated by Hawaii Admission Day
1961 – Motown releases what would be its first #1 hit, "Please Mr. Postman " by The Marvelettes .
1963 – Xá Lợi Pagoda raids : the Army of the Republic of Vietnam Special Forces loyal to Ngo Dinh Nhu , brother of President Ngo Dinh Diem , vandalizes Buddhist pagodas across the country, arresting thousands and leaving an estimated hundreds dead.
1968 – Nicolae Ceaușescu , leader of Communist Romania , publicly condemns the Soviet led Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia , encouraging the Romanian population to arm itself against possible Soviet reprisals.
1968 – James Anderson, Jr. posthumously receives the first Medal of Honor to be awarded to an African American U.S. Marine .
1969 – An Australian , Denis Michael Rohan , sets the Al-Aqsa Mosque on fire, a major catalyst of the formation of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation .
1971 – A bomb exploded in the Liberal Party campaign rally in Plaza Miranda , Manila , Philippines with several anti-Marcos political candidates injured.
1976 – Operation Paul Bunyan at Panmunjom , South Korea .
1979 – Soviet dancer Alexander Godunov defects to the United States.
1982 – Lebanese Civil War : The first troops of a multinational force lands in Beirut to oversee the Palestine Liberation Organization 's withdrawal from Lebanon .
1983 – Philippine opposition leader Benigno Aquino, Jr. is assassinated at the Manila International Airport (now renamed Ninoy Aquino International Airport ).
1986 – Carbon dioxide gas erupts from volcanic Lake Nyos in Cameroon , killing up to 1,800 people within a 20-kilometer range.
1991 – Latvia declares renewal of its full independence after the occupation of Soviet Union.
1991 – Coup attempt against Mikhail Gorbachev collapses.
1992 – Ruby Ridge Standoff in Idaho
1993 – NASA loses contact with the Mars Observer spacecraft.
2001 – NATO decides to send a peace-keeping force to the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia .
2001 – The Red Cross announces that a famine is striking Tajikistan , and calls for international financial aid for Tajikistan and Uzbekistan .
2013 – Hundreds of people are reported killed by chemical attacks in the Ghouta region of Syria .
Births
1165 – Philip II of France (d. 1223)
1535 – Shimazu Yoshihiro , Japanese general (d. 1619)
1567 – Francis de Sales , Swiss bishop and saint (d. 1622)
1597 – Roger Twysden , English historian and politician (d. 1672)
1643 – Afonso VI of Portugal (d. 1683)
1660 – Hubert Gautier , French engineer (d. 1737)
1665 – Giacomo F. Maraldi , French-Italian astronomer and mathematician (d. 1729)
1670 – James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick , French general (d. 1734)
1725 – Jean-Baptiste Greuze , French painter (d. 1805)
1754 – William Murdoch , Scottish engineer and inventor, created gas lighting (d. 1839)
1754 – Banastre Tarleton , English general and politician (d. 1833)
1765 – William IV of the United Kingdom (d. 1837)
1789 – Augustin-Louis Cauchy , French mathematician (d. 1857)
1798 – Jules Michelet , French historian (d. 1874)
1800 – Hiram Walden , American politician (d. 1880)
1801 – Guillaume Groen van Prinsterer , Dutch historian and politician (d. 1876)
1813 – Jean Stas , Belgian chemist (d. 1891)
1816 – Charles Frédéric Gerhardt , French chemist (d. 1856)
1826 – Karl Gegenbaur , German anatomist and educator (d. 1903)
1840 – Ferdinand Hamer , Dutch missionary and bishop (d. 1900)
1858 – Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria (d. 1889)
1862 – Emilio Salgari , Italian journalist and author (d. 1911)
1869 – William Henry Ogilvie , Scottish-Australian poet (d. 1963)
1872 – Aubrey Beardsley , English author and illustrator (d. 1898)
1878 – Richard Girulatis , German footballer and manager (d. 1963)
1879 – Claude Grahame-White , English pilot (d. 1959)
1884 – Chandler Egan , American golfer (d. 1936)
1885 – Édouard Fabre , Canadian runner (d. 1939)
1886 – Ruth Manning-Sanders , Welsh-English author and poet (d. 1988)
1887 – James Paul Moody , English 6th officer of the RMS Titanic (d. 1912)
1891 – Emiliano Mercado del Toro , Puerto Rician soldier (d. 2007)
1892 – Charles Vanel , French actor and director (d. 1989)
1902 – Angel Karaliychev , Bulgarian author (d. 1972)
1904 – Count Basie , American pianist, composer, and bandleader (Count Basie Orchestra ) (d. 1984)
1905 – Friz Freleng , American animator, director, and producer (d. 1995)
1905 – Bipin Gupta , Indian film actor (d. 1981)
1908 – M. M. Kaye , Indian-English author (d. 2004)
1909 – Nikolay Bogolyubov , Russian mathematician and physicist (d. 1992)
1912 – Toe Blake , Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1995)
1915 – Raquel Rastenni , Danish singer (d. 1998)
1916 – Consuelo Velázquez , Mexican pianist and songwriter (d. 2005)
1918 – Billy Reay , Canadian-American ice hockey player (d. 2004)
1920 – Christopher Robin Milne , English soldier and bookseller (d. 1996)
1921 – Jaymala Shiledar , Indian actor and singer (d. 2013)
1923 – Mario Laserna Pinzón , French-Colombian educator and politician (d. 2013)
1924 – Jack Buck , American sportscaster (d. 2002)
1924 – Chris Schenkel , American sportscaster (d. 2005)
1924 – Jack Weston , American actor (d. 1996)
1925 – Toma Caragiu , Romanian actor (d. 1977)
1925 – Judy Grable , American wrestler (d. 2008)
1925 – Maurice Pialat , French actor and director (d. 2003)
1926 – Eduardo Koaik , Brazilian bishop (d. 2012)
1927 – Thomas S. Monson , American religious leader, 16th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
1928 – Addison Farmer , American bassist (d. 1963)
1928 – Art Farmer , American trumpet player (The Jazztet ) (d. 1999)
1928 – Bud McFadin , American football player (d. 2006)
1929 – X. J. Kennedy , American poet and author
1929 – Marie Severin , American illustrator
1930 – Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon (d. 2002)
1930 – Frank Perry , American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1995)
1932 – Melvin Van Peebles , American actor, director, and screenwriter
1933 – Janet Baker , English soprano
1933 – Michael Dacher , German mountaineer (d. 1994)
1934 – Sudhakarrao Naik , Indian politician, 13th Chief Minister of Maharashtra (d. 2001)
1934 – Paul Panhuysen , Dutch composer
1936 – Wilt Chamberlain , American basketball player and coach (d. 1999)
1936 – Radish Tordia , Georgian painter
1937 – Donald Dewar , Scottish politician, 1st First Minister of Scotland (d. 2000)
1937 – Gustavo Noboa , Ecuadorian politician, 51st President of Ecuador
1937 – Robert Stone , American author
1938 – Kenny Rogers , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor (The New Christy Minstrels and The First Edition )
1939 – James Burton , American guitarist (TCB Band )
1939 – Festus Mogae , Botswana economist and politician, 3rd President of Botswana
1939 – Harold Reid , American singer-songwriter (The Statler Brothers )
1939 – Clarence Williams III , American actor
1940 – Dominick Harrod , English journalist (d. 2013)
1940 – Endre Szemerédi , Hungarian-American mathematician
1943 – Hugh Wilson , American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
1944 – Perry Christie , Bahamian politician, 3rd Prime Minister of the Bahamas
1944 – Jackie DeShannon , American singer-songwriter
1944 – Peter Weir , Australian director, producer, and screenwriter
1945 – Jerry DaVanon , American baseball player
1945 – Patty McCormack , American actress and singer
1945 – Basil Poledouris , American composer and conductor (d. 2006)
1947 – Sándor Erdős , Hungarian fencer
1947 – Carl Giammarese , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (The Buckinghams )
1949 – Loretta Devine , American actress and singer
1950 – Arthur Bremer , American attempted murderer
1950 – Patrick Juvet , Swiss singer-songwriter and model
1951 – Eric Goles , Chilean mathematician and computer scientist
1951 – Glenn Hughes , English singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer (Finders Keepers , Trapeze , Deep Purple , and Black Country Communion )
1951 – Margo Kane , Canadian actress and playwright
1951 – Char Margolis , American psychic medium
1951 – Harry Smith , American journalist
1952 – Keith Hart , Canadian wrestler
1952 – Jiří Paroubek , Czech politician, 6th Prime Minister of the Czech Republic
1952 – Joe Strummer , English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (The Clash , The Mescaleros , and The Pogues ) (d. 2002)
1953 – Ivan Stang , American author, publisher, and director
1954 – Chip Coffey , American psychic medium
1954 – Archie Griffin , American football player
1956 – Kim Cattrall , English-American actress and producer
1956 – Jon Tester , American politician
1957 – Steve Smith , American drummer (Journey , Montrose , Steps Ahead , The RD Crusaders , and Vital Information )
1959 – Jim McMahon , American football player
1961 – V. B. Chandrasekhar , Indian cricketer and coach
1961 – Stephen Hillenburg , American animator, producer, screenwriter, and voice actor
1961 – David Morales , American DJ and producer
1962 – John Korfas , Greek-American basketball player and coach
1962 – Tsutomu Miyazaki Japanese serial killer (d. 2008)
1962 – Jeff Stryker , American porn actor and director
1963 – Richmond Arquette , American actor
1963 – Mohammed VI of Morocco
1964 – Trinity Loren , American porn actress and model (d. 1998)
1965 – Jim Bullinger , American baseball player
1965 – Caryn Mower , American wrestler, actress, and stuntwoman
1966 – John Wetteland , American baseball player and coach
1967 – Darren Bewick , Australian footballer
1967 – Carrie-Anne Moss , Canadian actress
1967 – Serj Tankian , Lebanese-American singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer (System of a Down and Axis of Justice )
1968 – Dina Carroll , English singer-songwriter
1968 – Goran Ćurko , Serbian footballer
1969 – Josée Chouinard , Canadian figure skater
1970 – Craig Counsell , American baseball player and coach
1970 – Erik Dekker , Dutch cyclist
1970 – Nathan Jones , Australian wrestler and actor
1971 – Mamadou Diallo , Senegalese footballer
1971 – Robert Harvey , Australian footballer and coach
1971 – Liam Howlett , English keyboard player, DJ, and producer (The Prodigy )
1971 – Jaan Tiidemann , Estonian architect
1973 – Sergey Brin , Russian-American computer scientist and businessman, co-founded Google
1973 – Steve McKenna , Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1973 – Nikolai Valuev , Russian boxer
1974 – Martin Andanar , Filipino journalist
1974 – Johnny Reid , Scottish-Canadian singer
1975 – Simon Katich , Australian cricketer
1975 – Alicia Witt , American actress and singer
1976 – Alex Brooks , American ice hockey player
1976 – Jeff Cunningham , Jamaican-American soccer player
1976 – Ramón Vázquez , Puerto Rican baseball player
1976 – Nikos Vertis , Dutch-Greek singer
1978 – Peter Buxton , English rugby player and manager
1978 – Bhumika Chawla , Indian actress
1978 – Reuben Droughns , American football player and coach
1978 – Lee Gronkiewicz , American baseball player and coach
1978 – Alan Lee , Irish footballer
1978 – Jason Marquis , American baseball player
1978 – Fay Wolf , American actress, singer-songwriter, and pianist
1978 – Annie Wu , Taiwanese actress
1979 – Kelis , American singer-songwriter
1980 – Burney Lamar , American race car driver
1980 – Paul Menard , American race car driver
1980 – Jasmin Wöhr , German tennis player
1981 – Collie Buddz , Bermudian rapper
1981 – Jarrod Lyle , Australian golfer
1981 – Cameron Winklevoss , American rower and businessman, co-founded ConnectU
1981 – Tyler Winklevoss , American rower and businessman, co-founded ConnectU
1982 – Jason Eaton , New Zealand rugby player
1983 – Josh Harrington , American BMX rider
1983 – Chantelle Houghton , English model
1983 – Brody Jenner , American model and actor
1983 – Scott McDonald , Australian footballer
1984 – Alizée , French singer
1984 – Neil Dexter , South African cricketer
1984 – Melissa Schuman , American actress
1984 – Barun Sobti , Indian actor
1984 – Eve Torres , American wrestler, model, and dancer
1984 – B. J. Upton , American baseball player
1984 – Martin Vunk , Estonian footballer
1985 – Nicolás Almagro , Spanish tennis player
1985 – Aleksandra Kiryashova , Russian pole vaulter
1985 – Melissa M , French singer
1985 – Kevin Nee , American strongman
1986 – Usain Bolt , Jamaican sprinter
1986 – Wout Brama , Dutch footballer
1986 – Kiami Davael , American actress
1986 – Koki Sakamoto , Japanese gymnast
1987 – Natalia Dzyublo , Russian actress
1987 – Cody Kasch , American actor
1987 – Kim Kibum , South Korean singer and actor (Super Junior )
1988 – Paris Bennett , American singer
1988 – Robert Lewandowski , Polish footballer
1988 – Louise Setara , English singer-songwriter
1988 – Whitney Sloan , English actress
1989 – James Davey , English rugby player
1989 – Elarica Gallacher , English actress
1989 – Matteo Gentili , Italian footballer
1989 – Rob Knox , English actor (d. 2008)
1989 – Hayden Panettiere , American actress and singer
1989 – Judd Trump , English snooker player
1990 – Bo Burnham , American comedian, singer-songwriter, and actor
1990 – Big Chocolate , American singer-songwriter, and producer (Burning the Masses )
1990 – Omar El Kaddouri , Belgian-Moroccan footballer
1990 – Fabian Heimpel , German rugby player
1991 – Liis Emajõe , Estonian footballer
1991 – Tess Gaerthé , Dutch singer
1992 – Brad Kavanagh , English singer-songwriter and actor
1992 – RJ Mitte , American actor
1994 – Jacqueline Emerson , American actress and singer (Devo 2.0 )
1996 – Jamia Simone Nash , American singer and actress
1999 – Maxim Knight , American actor
Deaths
672 – Kōbun , Japanese emperor (b. 648)
1157 – Alfonso VII of León and Castile (b. 1105)
1271 – Alphonse, Count of Poitiers (b. 1220)
1614 – Elizabeth Báthory , Hungarian serial killer (b. 1560)
1627 – Jacques Mauduit , French composer (b. 1557)
1673 – Henry Grey, 1st Earl of Stamford , English soldier (b. 1599)
1689 – William Cleland , Scottish poet and soldier (b. 1661)
1762 – Lady Mary Wortley Montagu , English author (b. 1689)
1763 – Charles Wyndham, 2nd Earl of Egremont , English politician (b. 1710)
1775 – Daher el-Omar , Arab ruler of Galilee (b. 1690)
1796 – John McKinly , American physician and politician, 1st Governor of Delaware (b. 1721)
1814 – Benjamin Thompson , American-English physicist and colonel (b. 1753)
1836 – Claude-Louis Navier , French physicist and engineer (b. 1785)
1838 – Adelbert von Chamisso , German botanist and poet (b. 1781)
1854 – Thomas Clayton , American lawyer and politician (b. 1777)
1870 – Ma Xinyi , Chinese general and politician, Viceroy of Liangjiang (b. 1821)
1910 – Bertalan Székely , Hungarian painter (b. 1835)
1919 – Laurence Doherty , English tennis player (b. 1875)
1935 – John Hartley , English tennis player (b. 1849)
1940 – Hermann Obrecht , Swiss politician (b. 1882)
1940 – Ernest Thayer , American poet (b. 1863)
1940 – Leon Trotsky , Russian politician and theorist (b. 1879)
1943 – Henrik Pontoppidan , Danish author, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1857)
1947 – Ettore Bugatti , Italian-French engineer and businessman, founded Bugatti (b. 1881)
1951 – Constant Lambert , English composer and conductor (b. 1905)
1957 – Mait Metsanurk , Estonian author (b. 1879)
1957 – Nels Stewart , Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1902)
1957 – Harald Sverdrup , Norwegian meteorologist and oceanographer (b. 1888)
1960 – David B. Steinman , American engineer, designed the Mackinac Bridge (b. 1886)
1964 – Palmiro Togliatti , Italian politician, Italian Minister of Justice (b. 1893)
1966 – Martin Dooling , American soccer player (b. 1886)
1971 – George Jackson , American activist and author, co-founded the Black Guerrilla Family (b. 1941)
1974 – Buford Pusser , American police officer (b. 1937)
1978 – Charles Eames , American architect, co-designed the Eames House (b. 1907)
1979 – Giuseppe Meazza , Italian footballer and manager (b. 1910)
1982 – Sobhuza II of Swaziland (b. 1899)
1983 – Benigno Aquino, Jr. , Filipino journalist and politician (b. 1932)
1988 – Teodoro de Villa Diaz , Filipino guitarist and songwriter (The Dawn ) (b. 1963)
1988 – Ray Eames , American architect, co-designed the Eames House (b. 1912)
1989 – Raul Seixas , Brazilian singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1945)
1992 – Dai Vernon , Canadian magician (b. 1894)
1993 – Tatiana Troyanos , American soprano (b. 1938)
1995 – Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar , Indian-American astrophysicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1910)
1997 – Yuri Nikulin , Russian clown and actor (b. 1921)
2000 – Tomata du Plenty , American singer (The Screamers ) (b. 1948)
2000 – Daniel Lisulo , Zambian politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Zambia (b. 1930)
2000 – Andrzej Zawada , Polish mountaineer (b. 1928)
2001 – Calum MacKay , Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1927)
2003 – Kathy Wilkes , English philosopher and academic (b. 1946)
2003 – Wesley Willis , American singer-songwriter and keyboard player (Wesley Willis Fiasco ) (b. 1963)
2005 – Martin Dillon , American tenor (b. 1957)
2005 – Robert Moog , American businessman, founded Moog Music (b. 1934)
2005 – Dahlia Ravikovitch , Israeli poet (b. 1936)
2005 – Marcus Schmuck , Austrian mountaineer (b. 1925)
2006 – Bismillah Khan , Indian shehnai player (b. 1916)
2006 – Paul Fentener van Vlissingen , Dutch businessman and philanthropist (b. 1941)
2006 – S. Yizhar , Israeli author and politician (b. 1916)
2007 – Siobhan Dowd , English author (b. 1960)
2007 – Elizabeth P. Hoisington , American general (b. 1918)
2007 – Haley Paige , Mexican-American porn actress (b. 1981)
2008 – Jerry Finn , American record producer (b. 1969)
2009 – Rex Shelley , Singaporean author (b. 1930)
2009 – Dean Turner , Australian singer, bass player, and producer (Magic Dirt ) (b. 1972)
2010 – Nancy Dolman , Canadian actress and singer (b. 1952)
2010 – Rodolfo Enrique Fogwill , Argentinean sociologist and author (b. 1941)
2012 – Tissa David , Hungarian-American animator (b. 1921)
2012 – Georg Leber , German politician, Federal Minister of Defence for Germany (b. 1920)
2012 – Gary Mara , Australian rugby player (b. 1962)
2012 – Taketoshi Naito , Japanese actor (b. 1926)
2012 – J. Frank Raley , American politician (b. 1926)
2012 – Don Raleigh , Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1926)
2012 – Guy Spitaels , Belgian politician, 7th Minister-President of the Walloon Region (b. 1931)
2012 – William Thurston , American mathematician (b. 1946)
2013 – Jean Berkey , American politician (b. 1938)
2013 – Sid Bernstein , American record producer (b. 1918)
2013 – Rodolfo Tan Cardoso , Filipino chess player (b. 1937)
2013 – C. Gordon Fullerton , American colonel, engineer, and astronaut (b. 1936)
2013 – Fred Martin , Scottish footballer (b. 1929)
2013 – Enos Nkala , Zimbabwean politician, Minister of Defence for Zimbabwe (b. 1932)
2013 – Lew Wood , American journalist (b. 1929)
Holidays and observances
External links
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