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Day of the yearAugust 3 is the 215th day of the year (216th in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar ; 150 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
8 – Roman Empire general Tiberius defeats Dalmatae on the river Bathinus .
435 – Deposed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Nestorius , considered the originator of Nestorianism , is exiled by Roman Emperor Theodosius II to a monastery in Egypt .
881 – Battle of Saucourt-en-Vimeu : Louis III of France defeats the Vikings , an event celebrated in the poem Ludwigslied .
1031 – Olaf II of Norway is canonized as Saint Olaf by Grimketel , the English Bishop of Selsey .
1342 – The Siege of Algeciras commences during the Spanish Reconquista .
1492 – Christopher Columbus sets sail from Palos de la Frontera , Spain.
1527 – The first known letter from North America is sent by John Rut while at St. John's, Newfoundland .
1601 – Long War : Austria captures Transylvania in the Battle of Goroszló .
1645 – Thirty Years' War : the Second Battle of Nördlingen sees French forces defeating those of the Holy Roman Empire .
1678 – Robert LaSalle builds the Le Griffon , the first known ship built on the Great Lakes .
1795 – Treaty of Greenville is signed.
1811 – First ascent of Jungfrau , third highest summit in the Bernese Alps by brothers Johann Rudolf and Hieronymus Meyer.
1852 – Harvard University wins the first Boat Race between Yale University and Harvard. The race is also the first American intercollegiate athletic event
1860 – The Second Maori War begins in New Zealand.
1900 – The Firestone Tire and Rubber Company is founded.
1903 – Macedonian rebels in Kruševo proclaim the Kruševo Republic , which exists only for 10 days before Ottoman Turks lay waste to the town.
1907 – Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis fines Standard Oil of Indiana a record $29.4 million for illegal rebating to freight carriers; the conviction and fine are later reversed on appeal.
1913 – A major labour dispute, known as the Wheatland Hop Riot , starts in Wheatland, California .
1914 – World War I : Germany declares war against France.
1921 – Major League Baseball Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis confirms the ban of the eight Chicago Black Sox , the day after they were acquitted by a Chicago court.
1929 – Jiddu Krishnamurti , tagged as the messianic "World Teacher ", shocks the Theosophy movement by dissolving the Order of the Star , the organisation built to support him.
1934 – Adolf Hitler becomes the supreme leader of Germany by joining the offices of President and Chancellor into Führer .
1936 – Jesse Owens wins the 100 meter dash, defeating Ralph Metcalfe , at the Berlin Olympics .
1936 – A fire wipes out Kursha-2 in the Meshchera Lowlands , Ryazan Oblast , Russia , killing 1,200 and leaving only 20 survivors.
1940 – World War II : Italian forces begin the invasion of British Somaliland .
1946 – Santa Claus Land , the world's first themed amusement park , opens in Santa Claus, Indiana , United States.
1948 – Whittaker Chambers accuses Alger Hiss of being a communist and a spy for the Soviet Union .
1958 – The nuclear submarine USS Nautilus travels beneath the Arctic ice cap.
1959 – Portugal's state police force PIDE fires upon striking workers in Bissau , Portuguese Guinea , killing over 50 people.
1960 – Niger gains independence from France.
1961 – The New Democratic Party of Canada is founded by the merger of the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation and the Canadian Labour Congress .
1972 – The United States Senate ratifies the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty .
1975 – A privately chartered Boeing 707 crashes into the mountainside near Agadir , Morocco , killing 188.
1977 – The United States Senate begins its hearing on Project MKUltra .
1977 – Tandy Corporation announces the TRS-80 , one of the world's first mass-produced personal computers .
1981 – Senegalese opposition parties, under the leadership of Mamadou Dia , launch the Antiimperialist Action Front – Suxxali Reew Mi .
1997 – Oued El-Had and Mezouara massacre in Algeria ; a total of 116 villagers killed, 40 in Oued El-Had and 76 in Mezouara.
2001 – The Real IRA detonates a car bomb in Ealing , London, England , United Kingdom injuring seven people.
2004 – The pedestal of the Statue of Liberty reopens after being closed since the September 11 attacks .
2005 – President of Mauritania Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya is overthrown in a military coup while attending the funeral of King Fahd in Saudi Arabia .
2005 – Mahmoud Ahmadinejad becomes President of Iran .
2007 – Former Deputy Director of the Chilean secret police Raúl Iturriaga is captured after having been on the run following a conviction for kidnapping .
2010 – Widespread rioting erupts in Karachi , Pakistan , after the assassination of a local politician, leaving at least 85 dead and at least 17 billion Pakistani rupees (US$ 200 million) in damage.
Births
1491 – Maria of Jülich-Berg (d. 1543)
1509 – Étienne Dolet , French scholar (d. 1546)
1692 – John Henley , English clergyman (d. 1759)
1734 – Naungdawgyi , Burmese king (d. 1763)
1770 – Frederick William III of Prussia (d. 1840)
1803 – Joseph Paxton , English gardener and architect, designed The Crystal Palace (d. 1865)
1808 – Hamilton Fish , American lawyer and politician, 26th United States Secretary of State (d. 1893)
1811 – Elisha Otis , American businessman, founded the Otis Elevator Company (d. 1861)
1817 – Archduke Albrecht, Duke of Teschen (d. 1895)
1832 – Ivan Zajc , Croatian composer, conductor, and director (d. 1914)
1840 – John Bigham, 1st Viscount Mersey , English jurist and politician (d. 1929)
1850 – Reginald Heber Roe , Australian academic (d. 1926)
1855 – Joe Hunter , English cricketer (d. 1891)
1856 – Alfred Deakin , Australian politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1919)
1860 – William Kennedy Dickson , French-Scottish actor, director, and producer (d. 1935)
1863 – Géza Gárdonyi , Hungarian author and journalist (d. 1922)
1867 – Stanley Baldwin , English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1947)
1871 – Vernon Louis Parrington , American historian (d. 1929)
1872 – Haakon VII of Norway (d. 1957)
1878 – Dick Grant , Canadian runner (d. 1958)
1886 – Maithili Sharan Gupt , Indian poet (d. 1964)
1887 – Rupert Brooke , English poet (d. 1915)
1894 – Harry Heilmann , American baseball player (d. 1951)
1895 – Neva Morris , American super-centenarian (d. 2010)
1895 – Marguerite Nichols , American actress (d. 1941)
1896 – Ralph Horween , American football player and coach (d. 1997))
1899 – Louis Chiron , Monegasque race car driver (d. 1979)
1900 – Ernie Pyle , American journalist (d. 1945)
1900 – John T. Scopes , American educator (d. 1970)
1901 – John C. Stennis , American lawyer and politician (d. 1995)
1901 – Stefan Wyszyński , Polish cardinal (d. 1981)
1902 – Regina Jonas , German rabbi (d. 1944)
1903 – Habib Bourguiba , Tunisian politician, 1st President of the Republic of Tunisia (d. 2000)
1904 – Clifford D. Simak , American author (d. 1988)
1905 – Dolores del Río , Mexican-American actress and singer (d. 1983)
1905 – Franz König , Austrian cardinal (d. 2004)
1907 – Lawrence Brown , American trombonist and composer (d. 1988)
1907 – Ernesto Geisel , Brazilian general and politician, 29th President of Brazil (d. 1996)
1909 – Walter Van Tilburg Clark , American author and educator (d. 1971)
1911 – Alex McCrindle , Scottish actor (d. 1990)
1913 – Mel Tolkin , Ukrainian-American screenwriter (d. 2007)
1915 – Frank Arthur Calder , Canadian politician (d. 2006)
1915 – Pete Newell , American basketball player and coach (d. 2008)
1916 – Shakeel Badayuni , Indian poet and songwriter (d. 1970)
1916 – José Manuel Moreno , Argentinian footballer (d. 1978)
1917 – Les Elgart , American trumpet player and bandleader (d. 1995)
1918 – James MacGregor Burns , American historian and political scientist
1918 – Sidney Gottlieb , American chemist (d. 1999)
1918 – Larry Haines , American actor (d. 2008)
1920 – Max Fatchen , Australian journalist and author (d. 2012)
1920 – P. D. James , English author
1920 – Charlie Shavers , American trumpet player (d. 1971)
1920 – Elmar Tampõld , Estonian-Canadian architect (d. 2013)
1921 – Marilyn Maxwell , American actress and singer (d. 1972)
1921 – Richard Adler , American songwriter and composer (d. 2012)
1921 – Hayden Carruth , American poet and critic (d. 2008)
1922 – John Eisenhower , American general and diplomat, 45th United States Ambassador to Belgium
1923 – Jean Hagen , American actress (d. 1977)
1923 – Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria (d. 2012)
1924 – Leon Uris , American author (d. 2003)
1925 – Marv Levy , American-Canadian football player, coach, and manager
1926 – Rona Anderson , Scottish-English actress (d. 2013)
1926 – Tony Bennett , American singer
1926 – Anthony Sampson , English journalist and author (d. 2004)
1927 – Gordon Scott , American actor (d. 2007)
1928 – Cécile Aubry , French actress, director, and screenwriter (d. 2010)
1928 – Henning Moritzen , Danish actor (d. 2012)
1930 – James Komack , American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1997)
1933 – Pat Crawford , Australian cricketer (d. 2009)
1934 – Haystacks Calhoun , American wrestler and actor (d. 1989)
1934 – Michael Chapman , English bassoon player (d. 2005)
1934 – Jonas Savimbi , Angolan general, founded UNITA (d. 2002)
1935 – John Erman , American actor, director, and producer
1935 – Georgy Shonin , Ukrainian-Russian general, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1997)
1935 – Vic Vogel , Canadian pianist, composer, and bandleader
1936 – Jerry G. Bishop , American radio and television host (d. 2013)
1937 – Steven Berkoff , English actor and screenwriter
1937 – Roland Burris , American politician, 39th Illinois Attorney General
1937 – Duncan Sharpe , Pakistani cricketer
1938 – Terry Wogan , Irish-English radio and television host
1939 – Jimmie Nicol , English drummer (Colin Hicks & The Cabin Boys )
1939 – Apoorva Sengupta , Indian general and cricketer
1940 – Lance Alworth , American football player
1940 – Martin Sheen , American actor and producer
1940 – James Tyler , American guitarist and songwriter (d. 2010)
1941 – Beverly Lee , American singer (The Shirelles )
1941 – Martha Stewart , American businesswoman, publisher, and author, founded Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia
1943 – Béla Bollobás , Hungarian-English mathematician
1943 – Princess Christina, Mrs. Magnuson , Swedish daughter of Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten
1943 – Steven Millhauser , American author
1944 – Nino Bravo , Spanish singer (d. 1973)
1945 – Eamon Dunphy , Irish footballer and journalist
1946 – Jack Straw , English politician, Shadow Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
1946 – Syreeta Wright , American singer-songwriter (d. 2004)
1946 – John York , American bass player, songwriter, and producer (The Byrds and Sir Douglas Quintet )
1948 – Jean-Pierre Raffarin , French lawyer and politician, 166th Prime Minister of France
1949 – Philip Casnoff , American actor and director
1949 – B. B. Dickerson , American bass player and songwriter (War )
1950 – Linda Howard , American author
1950 – John Landis , American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
1950 – Jo Marie Payton , American actress and singer
1950 – Ernesto Samper , Colombian economist and politician, 29th President of Colombia
1951 – Marcel Dionne , Canadian ice hockey player
1951 – Jay North , American actor
1952 – Osvaldo Ardiles , Argentinian footballer and manager
1953 – Ian Bairnson , Scottish saxophonist and keyboard player (The Alan Parsons Project Keats )
1954 – Gary Peters , English footballer and manager
1955 – Corey Burton , American voice actor and singer
1956 – Kirk Brandon , English singer-songwriter and guitarist (Theatre of Hate , Spear of Destiny , and Dead Men Walking )
1956 – Balwinder Sandhu , Indian cricketer and coach
1957 – Bodo Rudwaleit , German footballer and manager
1958 – Ana Kokkinos , Australian director and screenwriter
1958 – Lambert Wilson , French actor
1959 – Martin Atkins , English drummer (Public Image Ltd , Ministry , and Killing Joke )
1959 – Mike Gminski , American basketball player
1959 – John C. McGinley , American actor and producer
1959 – Koichi Tanaka , Japanese chemist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate
1960 – Tim Mayotte , American tennis player
1960 – Gopal Sharma , Indian cricketer
1961 – Molly Hagan , American actress
1961 – Lee Rocker , American bassist (Stray Cats )
1963 – James Hetfield , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Metallica , Spastik Children , and Leather Charm )
1963 – Ed Roland , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Collective Soul and Ed Roland and the Sweet Tea Project )
1963 – Lisa Ann Walter , American actress, producer, and screenwriter
1963 – Isaiah Washington , American actor and producer
1964 – Lucky Dube , South African singer and keyboard player (d. 2007)
1964 – Nate McMillan , American basketball player and coach
1964 – Abhisit Vejjajiva , English-Thai economist and politician, 27th Prime Minister of Thailand
1964 – Kevin Sumlin , American football player and coach
1966 – Brent Butt , Canadian actor, producer, and screenwriter
1966 – Eric Esch , American boxer, mixed martial artist, and wrestler
1967 – Skin , English singer and model (Skunk Anansie )
1967 – Mathieu Kassovitz , French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter, founded MNP Entreprise
1968 – Rod Beck , American baseball player (d. 2007)
1969 – Doug Overton , American basketball player and coach
1970 – Stephen Carpenter , American guitarist and songwriter (Deftones , Sol Invicto , and Kush )
1970 – Masahiro Sakurai , Japanese video game designer, created Super Smash Bros and Kirby
1970 – Manmohan Waris , Indian singer
1971 – Forbes Johnston , Scottish footballer (d. 2007)
1971 – Will Muschamp , American football player and coach
1971 – DJ Spinderella , American DJ, rapper, and producer (Salt-n-Pepa )
1972 – Brigid Brannagh , American actress
1972 – Erika Marozsán , Hungarian actress
1972 – Sandis Ozoliņš , Latvian ice hockey player
1973 – Jay Cutler , American bodybuilder
1973 – Nikos Dabizas , Greek footballer
1973 – Michael Ealy , American actor
1975 – Wael Gomaa , Egyptian footballer
1975 – Argyro Strataki , Greek heptathlete
1976 – Troy Glaus , American baseball player
1977 – Deniz Akkaya , Turkish model and actress
1977 – Tom Brady , American football player
1977 – Tómas Lemarquis , Icelandic actor
1977 – Justin Lehr , American baseball player
1977 – Óscar Pereiro , Spanish cyclist
1978 – Joi Chua , Singaporean singer-songwriter
1978 – Mariusz Jop , Polish footballer
1978 – Dimitrios Zografakis , Greek footballer
1978 – Jenny Tinmouth , English motorcycle racer
1979 – Evangeline Lilly , Canadian model and actress
1980 – Nadia Ali , Pakistani-American singer-songwriter (iiO )
1980 – Dominic Moore , Canadian ice hockey player
1980 – Tony Pashos , American football player
1980 – Brandan Schieppati , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Bleeding Through , Eighteen Visions , and Throwdown )
1981 – Travis Bowyer , American baseball player
1981 – Pablo Ibáñez , Spanish footballer
1982 – Kaspar Kokk , Estonian skier
1982 – Jesse Lumsden , Canadian bobsledder and football player
1982 – Damien Sandow , American wrestler
1983 – Ryan Carter , American ice hockey player
1983 – Mamie Gummer , American actress
1983 – Mark Reynolds , American baseball player
1984 – Yasin Avcı , Turkish footballer
1984 – Sunil Chhetri , Indian footballer
1984 – Carah Faye Charnow , American singer-songwriter (Shiny Toy Guns and Versant )
1984 – Jon Foster , American actor
1984 – Ryan Lochte , American swimmer
1984 – Matt Joyce , American baseball player
1984 – Chris Maurer , American singer and bass player (Suburban Legends )
1985 – Ats Purje , Estonian footballer
1985 – Sonny Bill Williams , New Zealand rugby player and boxer
1986 – Charlotte Casiraghi , Monegasque daughter of Caroline, Princess of Hanover
1987 – Kim Hyung-jun , South Korean singer, dancer, and actor (SS501 )
1987 – Juri Kurakin , Estonian ice dancer
1988 – Denny Cardin , Italian footballer
1988 – Leigh Tiffin , American football player
1989 – Jules Bianchi , French race car driver
1989 – Sam Hutchinson , English footballer
1989 – Nick Viergever , Dutch footballer
1990 – Jourdan Dunn , English model
1992 – Gamze Bulut , Turkish runner
1992 – Gesa Felicitas Krause , German runner
1992 – Karlie Kloss , American model
1992 – Lum Rexhepi , Finnish footballer
1993 – Ola Abidogun , English sprinter
1993 – Yurina Kumai , Japanese singer (Berryz Kobo and Guardians 4 )
1995 – Victoria Kan , Russian tennis player
Deaths
1460 – James II of Scotland (b. 1430)
1527 – Scaramuccia Trivulzio , Italian cardinal
1546 – Antonio da Sangallo the Younger , Italian architect, designed the Apostolic Palace (b. 1484)
1546 – Étienne Dolet , French scholar (b. 1509)
1604 – Bernardino de Mendoza , Spanish commander and diplomat (b. 1540)
1621 – Guillaume du Vair , French lawyer and author (b. 1556)
1712 – Joshua Barnes , English scholar (b. 1654)
1720 – Anthonie Heinsius , Dutch politician (b. 1641)
1721 – Grinling Gibbons , Dutch-English sculptor and woodcarver (b. 1648)
1761 – Johann Matthias Gesner , German scholar (b. 1691)
1773 – Stanisław Konarski , Polish poet and playwright (b. 1700)
1780 – Étienne Bonnot de Condillac , French epistemologist and philosopher (b. 1715)
1792 – Richard Arkwright , English engineer and businessman (b. 1732)
1797 – Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst , English field marshal and politician, Colonial Governor of Virginia (b. 1717)
1805 – Christopher Anstey , English poet (b. 1724)
1819 – Simon Knéfacz , Croatian monk and author (b. 1752)
1835 – Wenzel Müller , Austrian composer and conductor (b. 1767)
1839 – Dorothea von Schlegel , German author (b. 1763)
1857 – Eugène Sue , French author (b. 1804)
1866 – Gábor Klauzál , Hungarian politician (b. 1804)
1867 – Philipp August Böckh , German historian and scholar (b. 1785)
1877 – William B. Ogden , American politician, 1st Mayor of Chicago (b. 1805)
1879 – Joseph Severn , English painter (b. 1793)
1916 – Roger Casement , Irish rebel (b. 1864)
1917 – Ferdinand Georg Frobenius , German mathematician (b. 1849)
1920 – Peeter Süda , Estonian organist and composer (b. 1883)
1924 – Joseph Conrad , Polish-English author (b. 1857)
1925 – William Bruce , Australian cricketer (b. 1864)
1929 – Emile Berliner , German-American inverter and businessman, invented the phonograph (b. 1851)
1929 – Thorstein Veblen , American economist and sociologist (b. 1857)
1936 – Konstantin Konik , Estonian politician and surgeon (b. 1873)
1942 – Richard Willstätter , German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1872)
1946 – Francis Newton , American golfer (b. 1874)
1949 – Ignotus , Hungarian author (b. 1869)
1954 – Colette , French author (b. 1873)
1958 – Peter Collins , English race car driver (b. 1931)
1964 – Flannery O'Connor , American author (b. 1925)
1966 – Lenny Bruce , American comedian (b. 1925)
1971 – Ernst Eklund , Swedish actor (b. 1882)
1972 – Giannis Papaioannou , Turkish-Greek composer (b. 1913)
1973 – Richard Marshall , American general (b. 1895)
1974 – Edgar Johan Kuusik , Estonian architect (b. 1888)
1975 – Andreas Embirikos , Greek poet and photographer (b. 1901)
1977 – Makarios III , Cypriot archbishop and politician, 1st President of the Republic of Cyprus (b. 1913)
1977 – Alfred Lunt , American actor (b. 1892)
1979 – Bertil Ohlin , Swedish economist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1899)
1979 – Angelos Terzakis , Greek author and playwright (b. 1907)
1983 – Carolyn Jones , American actress and singer (b. 1930)
1990 – Betty Amann , German-American actress (b. 1905)
1995 – Ida Lupino , English-American actress, singer, director, and producer (b. 1914)
1995 – Edward Whittemore , American author (b. 1933)
1996 – Jørgen Garde , Danish admiral (b. 1939)
1997 – Pietro Rizzuto , Canadian politician (b. 1934)
1998 – Alfred Schnittke , Russian composer (b. 1934)
1999 – Rodney Ansell , Australian hunter (b. 1953)
1999 – Byron Farwell , American historian and author (b. 1921)
2000 – Joann Lõssov , Estonian basketball player and coach (b. 1921)
2001 – Christopher Hewett , English-American actor (b. 1922)
2002 – Carmen Silvera , Canadian-English actress (b. 1922)
2003 – Roger Voudouris , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1954)
2004 – Henri Cartier-Bresson , French photographer (b. 1908)
2004 – Bob Murphy , American sportscaster (b. 1924)
2005 – Françoise d'Eaubonne , French activist (b. 1920)
2006 – Arthur Lee , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Love ) (b. 1945)
2006 – Elisabeth Schwarzkopf , German-English soprano (b. 1915)
2007 – John Gardner , English author (b. 1926)
2007 – Peter Thorup , Danish guitarist, singer, composer and record producer (b. 1948)
2008 – Skip Caray , American sportscaster (b. 1939)
2008 – Erik Darling , American singer-songwriter (The Weavers , The Tarriers , and The Rooftop Singers ) (b. 1933)
2008 – Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn , Russian author and critic (b. 1918)
2009 – Nikolaos Makarezos , Greek army officer (b. 1919)
2011 – William Sleator , American author (b. 1945)
2011 – Bubba Smith , American football player and actor (b. 1945)
2012 – Marc Alfos , French voice actor (b. 1956)
2012 – John Berry , English businessman (b. 1944)
2012 – Frank Evans , American baseball player (b. 1921)
2012 – Martin Fleischmann , Czech-English chemist (b. 1927)
2012 – Paul McCracken , American economist (b. 1915)
2012 – John Pritchard , American basketball player (b. 1927)
2013 – John Coombs , English race car driver (b. 1922)
2013 – Dixie Evans , American dancer (b. 1926)
2013 – Jack English Hightower , American lawyer and politician (b. 1926)
2013 – John Palmer , American journalist (b. 1935)
2013 – Dutch Savage , American wrestler (b. 1935)
2013 – Iryna Zhylenko , Ukrainian poet (b. 1941)
Holidays and observances
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