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| History | |
|---|---|
 United States | |
| Name | USCGC Crawford |
| Namesake | William H. Crawford, |
| Operator | U.S. Coast Guard |
| Builder | American Brown Boveri Electric Corporation, Camden, New Jersey |
| Cost | $63,163 USD |
| Launched | 27 January 1927 |
| Commissioned | 21 February 1927 |
| Decommissioned | 15 August 1947 |
| Fate | Donated to Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 28 November 1955. |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Active-class patrol boat |
| Displacement | 232 tons (trial) |
| Length | 125 ft (38 m) |
| Beam | 23 ft 6 in (7.16 m) |
| Draft | 7 ft 6 in (2.29 m) |
| Installed power | After 1938 re-engining: 1,200 brake horsepower (0.9 megawatt) |
| Propulsion | list error: <br /> list (help) As built: Two 6-cylinder 300 brake horsepower diesel engines After 1938 re-engining: Two Cooper-Bessemer EN-8 600 brake horsepower diesel engines Two 800 brake horsepower General Motors diesel engines |
| Speed | list error: <br /> list (help) As built: 10 knots In 1945: 12 knots (maximum); 7 knots (economical) |
| Range | In 1945: 2,900 nautical miles (5,370 kilometers) at 10 knots; 4,000 nautical miles (7,400 kilometers) at 7 knots |
| Complement | list error: <br /> list (help) 20 (3 officers, 17 enlisted men) (1930) 46 (5 officers, 41 men) (1945) |
| Sensors and processing systems | list error: <br /> list (help) Sonar (1945) QCO-1 Detection radar (1960) SPS-23 |
| Armament | list error: <br /> list (help) In 1927: 1 x 3-inch (76.2-millimeter) 23-caliber gun In 1941: 2 x depth charge tracks In 1945: 1 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 23-caliber gun , 2 x single 20-mm 80-caliber gun mounts, 2 x depth charge tracks, 2 x Mousetraps1 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 23-caliber gun1 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 23-caliber gun In 1960: 1 x single 40-mm 60-caliber antiaircraft gun mount |
USCGC Crawford (WSC-134), was a 125 ft (38 m) United States Coast Guard Active-class patrol boat in commission from 1927 to 1947. She was named for William H. Crawford, (1772–1834) who was appointed in 1816 as Secretary of the Treasury by President James Madison and he continued under President James Monroe through 1825. Crawford was the seventh vessel commissioned by the U.S. Revenue Cutter Service and the Coast Guard named after the former secretary. She served during the Rum Patrol and World War II performing defense, law enforcement, ice patrol, and search and rescue missions.
Construction and commissioning
Crawford was built by American Brown Boveri Electric Corporation at Camden, New Jersey and she was commissioned as USCGC Crawford (WSC-145) on 21 February 1927. She was the seventh of the Active-class patrol boats to be commissioned, which were designed for trailing the "mother ships" that supported the smuggling boats of "rum-runners" during Prohibition. The Active-class ships were also referred to unofficially as the "Buck & a Quarter" class in reference to their 125 ft (38 m) length.
Patrol duties during the Depression
Crawford had been designed specifically for prohibition enforcement service and assumed Rum Patrol duty 27 March 1927 with a temporary home-port of Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan and later a permanent station on 28 September 1927 at Two Harbors, Minnesota. Her routine consisted of picketing liquor laden "mother ships" and preventing them from offloading prohibited cargo to smaller contact boats that were used to deliver liquor to shore. With the end of prohibition, she assumed a more traditional role of a Coast Guard cutter, that of search and rescue, law enforcement, merchant vessel inspection, and defense training. In 1937, Crawford was assigned the home-port of Buffalo, New York. In mid-1941 Crawford was converted for use to service aids-to-navigation due to a shortage of buoy tenders but was later transferred to U.S. Navy control with patrol duties out of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and reconfigured as a sub-chaser.
World War II service
Crawford performed patrol duties out of Philadelphia but was later transferred to San Juan, Puerto Rico, where she performed wartime anti-submarine patrols and convoy escort duty with the Navy Caribbean Sea Frontier Squadron. On 5 June 1944 she is credited with the rescue of survivors from a sunken merchant vessel. On 30 June she took in tow the torpedoed tanker SS Unimak.
Post-war service
Crawford was reassigned duties out of the Tenth Coast Guard District in June 1945 was released from Navy service on 1 January 1946. Crawford was decommissioned on 15 August 1947 and was donated to Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 28 November 1955.
See also
Notes
- Footnotes
- The repeal of Prohibition was accomplished with the ratification of the Twenty-first Amendment on 5 December 1933.
- Citations
- ^ "Crawford, 1927", Cutters, Craft & U.S. Coast Guard-Manned Army & Navy Vessels, U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office
- ^ Scheina (1982), p 44
- ^ Scheina (1982), pp 44–49
- ^ Canney, pp 57–61
- ^ Record of Movements, Vessels of the United States Coast Guard, 1790–December 31, 1933", U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation, p 408
- Scheina (1990), pp 57–60
- Johnson, p 88
- Johnson, p 80
- Canney, p xiii
- Scheina (1982), p 45
- ^ Scheina (1982), p 47
- Websites cited
- "Crawford, 1927" (asp). Cutters, Craft & U.S. Coast Guard-Manned Army & Navy Vessels. U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office. Retrieved 2 February 2014.
- "Record of Movements, Vessels of the United States Coast Guard, 1790–December 31, 1933" (pdf). U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. Retrieved 2 February 2014.
- References cited
- Canney, Donald L. (1995). U.S. Coast Guard and Revenue Cutters, 1790–1935. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland. ISBN 978-1-55750-101-1.
- Johnson, Robert Irwin (1987). Guardians of the Sea, History of the United States Coast Guard, 1915 to the Present. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland. ISBN 978-0-87021-720-3.
- Scheina, Robert L. (1982). U.S. Coast Guard Cutters & Craft of World War II. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland. ISBN 978-0-87021-717-3.
- Scheina, Robert L. (1990). U.S. Coast Guard Cutters & Craft, 1946–1990. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland. ISBN 978-0-87021-719-7.
| Active-class patrol boats | |
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