This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Khukri (talk | contribs) at 10:52, 29 June 2006 (Reverted edits by 202.153.35.2 (talk) to version 61031126 by Freakofnurture using VP). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.
Revision as of 10:52, 29 June 2006 by Khukri (talk | contribs) (Reverted edits by 202.153.35.2 (talk) to version 61031126 by Freakofnurture using VP)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff) | This page documents an English Misplaced Pages policy.It describes a widely accepted standard that editors should normally follow, though exceptions may apply. Changes made to it should reflect consensus. | Shortcut
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 | This page in a nutshell: |
For other uses, see Sock puppet (disambiguation).
A sock puppet is an additional username used by a Wikipedian who edits under more than one name. The Wikipedian who uses a sock puppet may be called a sock puppeteer. Use of sock puppets is discouraged in most cases; Jimbo Wales has said:
There's no specific policy against it, but it's generally considered uncool unless you have a good reason.
I would say that multiple usernames are really only a problem if they are used as a method of troublemaking of some sort. For example, to generate an appearance of consensus, or to vote more than once, or to hide from public scrutiny. (2003)
The reason for discouraging sock puppets is to prevent abuses such as a person voting more than once in a poll, or using multiple accounts to circumvent Misplaced Pages policies. Some people feel that second accounts should not be used at all; others feel it is harmless if the accounts are all behaving acceptably.
Also see this page for information on how this affects other online communities.
Multiple accounts have legitimate uses. But you must refrain from using them in any way prohibited to sock puppets and from using one account to support the position of another, the standard definition of sock puppetry. If someone uses multiple accounts, it is recommended that he or she provides links between the accounts, so it is easy to determine that they are shared by one individual.
Prohibited uses of sock puppets
Voting
Misplaced Pages uses a "one person, one vote" principle for all votes and similar discussions where individual preferences are counted in any fashion. Accordingly, sock puppets may not be used to give the impression of more support for a viewpoint. This includes voting multiple times in any election, or using more than one account in a discussion at polls and surveys, Misplaced Pages:Articles for deletion or Misplaced Pages:Requests for adminship. Proven sock puppets may be permanently blocked if used in this manner.
Deception and impersonation
In addition to double-voting, sock puppets should not be used for purposes of deception, or to create the illusion of broader support for a position. This kind of behavior is disruptive and unnecessary for any potentially legitimate use of sock puppets. In particular, accounts that are used to maliciously impersonate another Wikipedian should be blocked permanently.
Circumventing policy
Policies apply per person, not per account. Policies such as 3RR are for each person's edits. Similarly, using a second account for policy violations will cause any penalties to also be applied to your main account.
Users who are banned from editing or temporarily subject to a legitimate block may not use sock puppets to circumvent this. Evading a ban in this manner causes the timer on the ban to restart, and may further lengthen the ban.
Administrative sock puppets
The community has strongly rejected users having more than one username with admin powers. If you leave, come back under a new name and are nominated for admin, it is expected that you will give up admin powers on your old account. (You may do this quietly with your old account and not have to show a link between accounts.) You should have only one account with powers greater than those of a regular editor.
At this time, the only second account with legitimate administrative powers is User:Dannyisme, which User:Danny uses for Foundation work.
Legitimate uses of multiple accounts
Multiple accounts have legitimate uses. For example, prominent users might create a new account in order to experience how the community functions for new users. In particular, some have suggested that Jimbo should get, and edit from, a sock puppet account. Perhaps he does.
Segregation and security
Other users employ multiple accounts to segregate their contributions for various reasons:
- A user making substantial contributions to an area of interest in Misplaced Pages might register another account to be used solely in connection with developing that area.
- Since public computers can have password-stealing trojans or keyloggers installed, some users may use an alternate account when editing under these conditions in order to prevent the hijacking of their main accounts.
- Someone who is known to the public or within a particular circle may be identifiable based on their interests and contributions; dividing these up between different accounts might help preserve the person's anonymity. Users with a recognized expertise in one field, for example, might not wish to associate their contributions to that field with contributions to articles about less weighty subjects.
- A person editing an article which is highly controversial within their family, social or professional circle may wish to use a sock puppet so that readers unfamiliar with NPOV policy will not assume their information edits are statements of personal belief.
Keeping heated issues in one small area
Some editors use different accounts in talk pages to avoid conflicts about a particular area of interest turning into conflicts based upon user identity and personal attacks elsewhere, or to avoid harassment outside of Misplaced Pages. A person participating in a discussion of an article about abortion, for example, might not want to allow other participants an opportunity to extend that discussion or engage them in unrelated or philosophically motivated debate outside the context of that article.
'Role' accounts
Role accounts, accounts which are used by multiple people, are only officially sanctioned on en: Misplaced Pages in exceptional cases at this time. The one currently permitted role account on en: is User:Schwartz PR, the account for a public relations firm working closely with the Foundation. If you run an account with multiple users, it is likely to be blocked.
Bots
Editors who operate bots (programs that edit automatically or semi-automatically) are encouraged to create separate accounts (and request they be marked as bot accounts via m:requests for bot status), so the automated edits can be filtered out of recent changes. (See Misplaced Pages:Bots for bot procedures and policies)
Tagging alternate accounts
Editors who wish to publicly display a link on an alternate account to their primary account may do so by tagging the "secondary" ones with {{User Alternate Acct|MAIN ACCOUNT}} which produces:
 | This is an alternative account of MAIN ACCOUNT. |
Primary accounts may be marked with {{User Alt Acct Master}}, which gives:
| This user is the owner of multiple Misplaced Pages accounts in a manner permitted by policy. |
Identification and handling of suspected sock puppets
Characteristics of sock puppets
Not surprisingly, sock puppet accounts usually show much greater familiarity with Misplaced Pages and its editing process than most newcomers. They are more likely to use edit summaries, immediately join in edit wars, or participate vocally in procedures like Articles for deletion or Requests for adminship as part of their first few edits. They are also more likely to be brand new or a single purpose account when looking at their contributions summary.
One type of sock puppet is sometimes referred to as a "straw man sock puppet." They are created by users with one point of view, but act as though they have an opposing point of view, in order to make that point of view look bad, or to act as an online agent provocateur. They will often make poor arguments which their "opponents" can then easily refute. This can allow them to essentially make straw man arguments. Such sock puppets thus become a personification of the straw man argument which their creators argue against. They often act unintelligent or uninformed, and may behave in an overtly bigoted manner. The effect is often to obfuscate the debate and prevent a serious discussion of the arguments from each side. Suspicion of such sock puppets is often harder to verify though, as there are often people who naturally behave in such a manner with the same effects.
When questions arise
In some cases it may not be completely clear whether an account is a sock puppet, as the purpose is usually to avoid detection. Similarities in interests and editing style can be noted, but not everyone may be familiar enough with the user to understand the evidence.
If it appears that sock puppets are being used as part of an edit war or to distort the outcome of a vote or survey, one possible rule of thumb is the so-called 100-edit rule. This suggests that any account which already has more than 100 edits across a range of other articles, or has been active more generally on Misplaced Pages, can often be presumed not to be a sock puppet. If there are unusually many accounts with few edits participating, you may want to check if they are sock puppets, by looking at IP addresses or times that edits were made. However, simply having made few edits is not evidence of sock puppetry on its own, and if you call a new user a sock puppet without justification, they will probably be insulted and get a negative impression of Misplaced Pages.
Keep in mind there can be multiple users who are driven to start participating in Misplaced Pages for the same reason, particularly in controversial areas such as articles about the conflict in the Middle East, cult figures, or Misplaced Pages:Articles for deletion. Some have suggested applying the 100-edit guideline more strongly in such cases, assuming that all accounts with fewer than 100 edits are sock puppets. Generally, such beliefs have been shown not to be well founded.
Where it is unclear whether or not sock puppetry is in progress, server log information can be consulted. To comply with Wikimedia Foundation privacy policy, this is only done in serious cases involving violation of an arbitration remedy, serious ongoing pattern vandalism, vote fraud actually affecting the outcome of a vote, or serious ongoing use of sock puppets to violate the three revert rule. Requests may be made at Request for CheckUser.
If you have been accused incorrectly of being a sock puppet, don't take it too personally. New users are unknown quantities. Stay around a while and make good edits, and your record will speak for itself.
Blocking accounts
Admins should block indefinitely any sock-puppet accounts used in violation of this policy, and may block the main account at their discretion.
Tagging identified sock puppets
If an account has been shown to be a sock puppet used for policy violations, then it should be identified as such, by adding Template:SockpuppetProven to the user page of the sock puppet account. There are two tags available, one for violations confirmed by Checkuser, the other for all other forms of confirmed sockpuppet use.
If the proof was obtained via a confirmed Checkuser request, then the tag {{SockpuppetCheckuser|SOCKPUPPETEER}} should be used:
| This account has been confirmed by a CheckUser as a sockpuppet of SOCKPUPPETEER (talk · contribs · logs), and has been blocked indefinitely. Please refer to Checkuser for evidence. Account information: block log – contribs – logs – abuse log – CentralAuth |  |
Please use this link to create the category page
(The page will be pre-loaded. All you need to do is save it)
If the proof is in any other form, then the more general tag {{SockpuppetProven|1=SOCKPUPPETEER|evidence=]}} should be added to the user page of the sock puppet account. Replace "EVIDENCELINK" with something such as "]":
The above templates should not be added in the cases of accusations of sock puppetry which have not been proven, nor should they be added in the case of an legitimate alternate account, especially where the user may wish to maintain anonymity. Abuse of these tags will result in warning and potentially blocking.
Evidence counted as "proof" means:
- the user's own admission;
- matching of IP addresses or similar strong technical evidence;
- a ruling on Misplaced Pages:Requests for arbitration;
- a confirmed Checkuser.
Suspected sockpuppets
The above template should not be added in the cases of accusations of sock puppetry which have not been proven. Instead, add Template:Sockpuppet to the page, with the syntax {{Sockpuppet|1=SOCKPUPPETEER|evidence=]}}:
| An editor has expressed a concern that this account may be a sockpuppet of SOCKPUPPETEER (talk · contribs · logs). Please refer to EVIDENCE for evidence. Account information: block log – contribs – logs – abuse log – CentralAuth |
Tagging identified puppeteers
Tagging known puppeteers with the following tag {{sockpuppeteer}}:
 | The owner of this account is suspected of abusively using multiple accounts.
(Account information: block log · CentralAuth · suspected sockpuppets · confirmed sockpuppets) |
Difficult to detect sockpuppets
If you think that someone is using sockpuppets abusively and wish to get further people's comments on the matter, you should create a report at Misplaced Pages:Suspected sock puppets and follow the instructions there.
Accounts created by brand new users acting together ('meatpuppets')
A related issue occurs when multiple individuals create brand new accounts specifically to participate in (or influence) one particular vote or area of discussion. This is especially common in deletion discussions or controversial articles. These newly created accounts (or anonymous edits) may be friends of another editor, may be related in some way to the subject of an article under discussion, or may be solicited by someone to support a specific 'angle' in an article debate.
When used to add force to the arguments of one side in a debate or article, such users and accounts are often described as "meatpuppets", a name perhaps inspired by the band of the same name. Use of this term is generally not advised, since it can be perceived as highly uncivil, and is certainly likely to discourage new users from participating further.
These accounts are not actually sock puppets, but they are often difficult to distinguish from real sock puppets and are often treated similarly. Neither a sock puppet nor a brand-new, single-purpose account holder is considered a member of the Misplaced Pages community in these circumstances. The reason behind this is that, for instance, an article about an online community should not be kept merely because all members of that community show up to vote for it. The Arbitration Committee has ruled that, for the purpose of dispute resolution, when there is uncertainty whether a party is one user with sock puppets or several users with similar editing habits they may be treated as one individual.
(Wikipedians also tend to call such user accounts 'single purpose accounts', because whereas committed Wikipedians are usually active on a range of articles, and their aim is to see a balanced growth in articles and in the encyclopedia as a whole even if contributing only in their specialist topic area, 'single purpose account' users very often come to Misplaced Pages with one set agenda or interest and a specific aspect or 'side' to promote by their edits and views within that interest)
Advertising and soliciting meatpuppets
It is considered highly inappropriate or unacceptable to externally advertise Misplaced Pages articles that are being debated, or where one wishes to stir up debate, in order to attract users with likely known views and bias, in order to strengthen one side of a debate and influence consensus or discussion. It's also inappropriate to invite "all one's friends" to help argue an article. Advertising or soliciting meatpuppet activity is not an acceptable practice on Misplaced Pages.
The arrival of multiple newcomers, with limited Misplaced Pages background and predetermined viewpoints arriving in order to present those viewpoints, rarely helps achieve neutrality and most times actively damages it, no matter what one might think. Misplaced Pages is not a place for mixing fact and opinion, personal advocacy, or argument from emotion. Controversial articles often need more familiarity with policy to be well edited, not less.
If you feel that a debate is ignoring your voice, then the appropriate action is not to solicit others outside Misplaced Pages. Instead, avoid personal attacks, seek comments and involvement from other Wikipedians, or pursue dispute resolution. These are quite well tested processes, and are designed to avoid the problem of exchanging bias in one direction for bias in another.