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This is a list of famous people who have lived in Moscow, Russia.
Born in Moscow
1400–1699
- Vasily II of Moscow (1415–1462), Grand Prince of Moscow whose long reign (1425–1462) was plagued by the greatest civil war of Old Russian history
- Ivan III of Russia (1440–1505), Grand Prince of Moscow and Grand Prince of all Rus (1462–1505)
- Basil Fool for Christ (1468–1552), Russian Orthodox saint
- Helena of Moscow (1476–1513), daughter of Ivan III the Great, Grand Prince of Moscow, and an uncrowned Grand Duchess of Lithuania and Queen of Poland as she would not convert from Eastern Orthodoxy to Catholicism
- Feodor I of Russia (1557–1598), last Rurikid Tsar of Russia (1584–1598)
- Feodor II of Russia (1589–1605), Tsar of Russia (1605)
- Alexis of Russia (1629–1676), Tsar of Russia (1645–1676)
- Feodor III of Russia (1661–1682), Tsar of all Russia (1676–1682)
- Ivan V of Russia (1666–1696), Tsar of all Russia (1682–1696)
- Peter the Great (1672–1725), Tsar of All Russia (1682–1725), Emperor of All Russia (1721–1725)
- Mikhail Golitsyn (1675–1730), field marshal
- Tsarevna Catherine Ivanovna of Russia (1691–1733), Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, daughter of Tsar Ivan V, eldest sister of Empress Anna of Russia
- Anna of Russia (1693–1740), Empress of Russia (1730–1740)
1700–1799
- Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia (1708–1728), Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp
- Elizabeth of Russia (1709–1762), Empress of All the Russias (1741–1762)
- Alexander Sumarokov (1717–1777), poet and playwright
- Alexander Suvorov (1730–1800), Count of Rymnik, Prince of Italy, Count of the Holy Roman Empire, national hero of Russia, Generalissimo of the Russian Empire
- Denis Fonvizin (1745–1792), playwright of the Russian Enlightenment
- Alexander Kurakin (1752–1818), statesman and diplomat
- Grigory Ugryumov (1764–1823), portrait and history painter in the Classical style
- Andrey Melensky (1766–1833), Neoclassical architect
- Johann Friedrich Adam (1780–1838), botanist
- Alexey Venetsianov (1780–1847), painter
- Sergey Uvarov (1786–1855), classical scholar best remembered as an influential imperial statesman under Nicholas I of Russia
- Pyotr Vyazemsky (1792–1878), leading personality of the Golden Age of Russian poetry
- Alexander Griboyedov (1795–1829), diplomat, playwright, poet, and composer
- Anton Delvig (1798–1831), poet and journalist
- Alexander Pushkin (1799–1837), poet and the founder of modern Russian literature
1800–1849
- Aleksey Khomyakov (1804–1860), theologian, philosopher and poet
- Alexandre Dubuque (1812–1898), Russian pianist, composer and teacher of French descent; he was born and died in Moscow
- Pavel Annenkov (1813–1887), literary critic and memoirist
- Ivan Gagarin (1814–1882), Jesuit
- Mikhail Lermontov (1814–1841), Romantic writer, poet and painter
- Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1821–1881), novelist, short story writer, essayist, journalist and philosopher
- Konstantin Pobedonostsev (1827–1907), jurist, statesman, and adviser to three Tsars
- Alexei Savrasov (1830–1897), landscape painter
- Pavel Tretyakov (1832–1898), businessman, patron of art, collector, and philanthropist
- Andrei Famintsyn (1835–1918), botanist, public figure, and academician of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences
- Vasili Zinger (1836–1907), mathematician, botanist and philosopher
- Konstantin Makovsky (1839–1915), painter
- Alexander Urusov (1843–1900), lawyer, literary critic, translator and philanthropist
- Vladimir Makovsky (1846–1920), painter, art collector and teacher
1850–1899
- Leo Lopatin (1855–1920), philosopher
- Caran d'Ache (1858–1909), French satirist and political cartoonist
- Aleksandr Golovin (1863–1930), artist and stage designer
- Wassily Kandinsky (1866–1944), painter and art theorist
- Hans Pfitzner (1869–1949), German composer and self-described anti-modernist
- Alexander Goedicke (1877–1957), composer and pianist
- P. D. Ouspensky (1878–1947), mathematician and esotericist
- Sophie Fedorova (1879–1963), ballerin
- Aleksei Goncharov (1879–1913), chess master (born and died in Moscow)
- Andrei Bely (1880–1934), novelist, poet, theorist, and literary critic
- Emanuel Goldberg (1881–1970), Israeli physicist and inventor
- Anna Abrikosova (1882–1936), prominent figure in the Russian Catholic Church
- Pavel Filonov (1883–1941), avant-garde painter, art theorist and poet
- Lev Kamenev (1883–1936), Bolshevik revolutionary and a prominent Soviet politician
- Robert Falk (1886–1958), painter
- Vladimir Favorsky (1886–1964), graphic artist, woodcut illustrator, painter, muralist and teacher
- Nikolai Vavilov (1887–1943), botanist and geneticist
- Alexis Granowsky (1890–1937), theatre director
- Boris Pasternak (1890–1960), poet, novelist, and literary translator (Nobel Prize for Literature in 1958)
- Sergey Vavilov (1891–1951), physicist
- Marina Tsvetaeva (1892–1941), poet
- Arcady Boytler (1895–1965), producer, screenwriter and director
- Nikolai Grigoriev (1895–1938), chess player and a composer of endgame studies (born and died in Moscow)
- Léonide Massine (1896–1979), choreographer and ballet dancer
- M. Ageyev (1898–1973), author
- Mikhail Zharov (1899–1981), actor
1900–1949
- Vladimir Lugovskoy (1901–1957), constructivist poet
- Sergey Obraztsov (1901–1992), puppeteer
- Yevgenia Ginzburg (1904–1977), author
- Lev Oborin (1907–1974), pianist
- Alexander Golitzen (1908–2005), production designer
- Evgeny Golubev (1910–1988), composer (born and died in Moscow)
- Alexey Lyapunov (1911–1973), mathematician and an early pioneer of computer science
- Aleksander Gieysztor (1916–1999), Polish medievalist historian
- Vitaly Ginzburg (1916–2009), theoretical physicist, astrophysicist, Nobel laureate
- Aryeh Eliav (1921–2010), Israeli politician
- Andrei Sakharov (1921–1989), nuclear physicist, Soviet dissident and human rights activist
- Maya Plisetskaya (1925), ballet dancer, choreographer, ballet director, and actress
- Yevgeny Lyadin (1926–2011), football manager and player
- Boris Uspensky (1927–2005), poster and graphics painter
- Sergei K. Godunov (1929), mathematician
- Lev Gor'kov (1929), Russian-American research physicist
- Lyudmila Zykina (1929–2009), national folk singer of Russia
- Lev Yashin (1929–1990), football goalkeeper
- Lev Kuznetsov (1930–2015), fencer
- Oleg Popov (1930), famous Soviet and Russian clown and circus artist
- Alla Gerber (1932), politician, journalist and film critic
- Yevgeni Urbansky (1932–1965), actor
- Nikolai Fadeyechev (1933), dancer, People's Artist of the USSR
- Stanislav Lyubshin (1933), actor and film director
- George Garanian (1934–2010), jazz saxophone player, bandleader and composer
- Yuri Ovchinnikov (1934–1988), bioorganic chemist
- Philaret (Vakhromeyev) (1935), emeritus Metropolitan of Minsk and Slutsk, the Patriarchal Exarch of All Belarus
- Alexander Ginzburg (1936–2002), journalist, poet, human rights activist and dissident
- Natalya Gorbanevskaya (1936–2013), poet, translator of Polish literature and civil rights activist
- Yuri Popov (1936), paleoentomologist
- Bella Akhmadulina (1937–2010), poet
- Yuri Falin (1937), football player
- Simon Gindikin (1937), mathematician at Rutgers University
- Umyar Mavlikhanov (1937–1999), fencer
- Alexey Obukhov (1937), diplomat and author
- Galina Gorokhova (1938), fencer and five-time Olympic medalist, nine-time world gold medalist
- Boris Mayorov (1938), ice hockey player
- Yevgeni Mayorov (1938–1997), ice hockey player
- Vladimir Vysotsky (1938–1980), singer-songwriter, poet, and actor
- Yury Glazkov (1939–2008), cosmonaut, major general in the Russian Air Force
- Alexei Fridman (1940–2010), Soviet physicist
- Anatoli Firsov (1941–2000), ice hockey player
- Gennady Logofet (1942–2011), footballer and football coach
- Vladimir Fedotov (1943–2009), football striker and manager
- Aleksandr Filippenko (1944), actor
- Viktor Logunov (1944), racing cyclist
- Viktor Luferov (1945–2010), singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, poet and performer
- Victoria Fyodorova (1946–2012), Russian-American actress and author
- Aleksandr Gorshkov (1946), ice dancer, 1976 Olympic champion
- Alexander Varshavsky (1946), Russian-American biochemist
- Elena Fatalibekova (1947), chess Woman Grandmaster and the 2000, 2001 and 2004 Senior Women's World Chess Champion
- Karen Grigorian (1947–1989), chess master
- Boris Kerner (1947), pioneer of three phase traffic theory
- Askold Khovanskii (1947), Russian and Canadian mathematician
- Yuri Ushakov (1947), career diplomat
- Aleksandr Lukyanov (1949), rower
- Alla Pugacheva (1949), musical performer
1950–1975
- Sergey Lavrov (1950), diplomat and currently the Foreign Minister of Russia
- Tatyana Ovechkina (1950), basketball player
- Aleksandr Laveykin (1951), cosmonaut
- Vitaly Churkin (1952), diplomat
- Arcadi Gaydamak (1952), Russian-born Israeli business magnate, investor and philanthropist
- Andrey Zubov (1952), historian and political scientist
- Alexander Barkashov (1953), political leader on the far-right
- Valery Gergiev (1953), conductor and opera company director
- Kirill Gevorgian (1953), diplomat and jurist
- Sergei Makarichev (1953), chess player
- Alexei Kornienko (1954), Austrian conductor and pianist of Russian descent
- Andrei Minenkov (1954), ice dancer
- Andrei Gavrilov (1955), pianist
- Alex Nepomniaschy (1955), Russian-American cinematographer
- Kirill Eskov (1956), writer, biologist and paleontologist
- Yuri Felshtinsky (1956), Russian American historian
- Yegor Gaidar (1956–2009), economist, politician and author
- Alexey Ulyukaev (1956), politician, scientist, and economist
- Viacheslav Fetisov (1958), professional ice hockey defenseman
- Boris Fyodorov (1958–2008), economist, politician and reformer
- Nadezhda Ovechkina (1958), field hockey player and Olympic medalist
- Tom Cain (1959), English journalist and author
- Fyodor Cherenkov (1959–2014), football midfielder
- Simon Nabatov (1959), jazz pianist
- Igor Glek (1961), chess Grandmaster, coach, theorist, writer and organiser
- Aleksandr Dugin (1962), political scientist
- Olga Golodets (1962), economist and the deputy prime minister for social affairs of the Russian Federation
- Hilarion (Alfeyev) (1966), bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church, Metropolitan of Volokolamsk
- Maxim Udalov (1966), drummer of the Russian heavy metal band Aria
- Andrey Chernyshov (1968), association football manager and former player
- Rubén Gallego (1968), writer
- Platon Obukhov (1968), journalist, writer, translator and painter
- Sergei Fyodorov (1969), icon painter
- Yaroslav Ognev (1969), Internet personality, co-founder and the first editor-in-chief of inoSMI
- Anya Verkhovskaya (circa 1969), film producer and activist
- Sergei Filin (1970), ballet dancer and the Ballet Director of the Bolshoi Theater
- Alexander F. Gavrilov (1970), literary critic and editor
- Igor Girkin (1970), FSB Colonel
- Sergei Ovchinnikov (1970), manager and former association football goalkeeper
- Oleg Ovsyannikov (1970), ice dancer
- Dmitry Ulyanov (1970), professional footballer
- Vladimir Fedorov (1971), ice dancer
- Kirill Gerasimov (1971), professional poker player
- Alexander Geringas (1971), record producer, songwriter and composer
- Ekaterina Gordeeva (1971), figure skater
- Vitaly Lunkin (1971), professional poker player
- Nikolai Lugansky (1972), pianist
- Ivan Farmakovsky (1973), jazz pianist, composer and arranger
- Natalya Gorelova (1973), middle distance runner
- Anjelika Krylova (1973), ice dancer
- Anya Ulinich (1973), Russian American novelist, graphic novelist, and short-story writer
- Alexander Braverman (1974), Israeli mathematician
- Jeanna Friske (1974–2015), film actress, singer and socialite
- Marina Yakusheva (1974), female badminton player
- Aleksey Glushkov (1975), wrestler and Olympic bronze medalist in Greco-Roman wrestling
- Konstantin Golovskoy (1975), footballer
- Andrei Soldatov (1975), investigative journalist and Russian security services expert
- Andrei Solomatin (1975), football manager and a former player
1976–1999
- Natalia O'Shea (1976), harpist, singer-songwriter and linguist
- Alex Miller (1977), Israeli politician
- Anna Pletnyova (1977), singer, composer and songwriter
- Olga Zaitseva (1978), biathlete
- Alexander Fomichev (1979), professional ice hockey Goaltender
- Dmitry Glukhovsky (1979), author and journalist
- Svetlana Lunkina (1979), ballerina
- Svetlana Feofanova (1980), pole vaulter
- Aleksey Lukyanuk (1980), rally driver
- Vitali Lykhin (1980), football player
- Andrei Sidelnikov (1980), Russian-born Kazakh professional footballer
- Sergio Galoyan (1981), songwriter, producer and DJ
- Dasha Zhukova (1981), businesswoman, art collector and magazine editor
- Alexander Frolov (1982), professional ice hockey player
- Pyotr Fyodorov (1982), actor
- Yelena Ovchinnikova (1982), competitor in synchronized swimming
- Yuliya Golubchikova (1983), pole vaulter
- Mikhail Rozhkov (1983), football player
- Valeriya Gai Germanika (1984), film director
- Boris Giltburg (1984), Israeli classical pianist
- Alexander Grachev (1984), ice dancer
- Kristina Oblasova (1984), figure skater
- Elena Romanovskaya (1984), ice dancer
- Aleksey Cheremisinov (1985), fencer, 2012 European champion and 2014 World champion
- Gleb Galperin (1985), diver
- Alisa Ganieva (1985), author
- Alexander Ovechkin (1985), professional ice hockey winger
- Boris Grachev (1986), chess Grandmaster
- Kirill Lyamin (1986), professional ice hockey player
- Mikhail Magerovski (1986), figure skater
- Kirill Nababkin (1986), football player
- Igor Makarov (1987), professional ice hockey player
- Olga Naidenova (1987), figure skater
- Alexander Uspenski (1987), figure skater
- Marat Fakhrutdinov (1988), professional ice hockey forward
- Aleksandra Fedoriva (1988), track and field athlete
- Ekaterina Galkina (1988), curler
- Tatiana Golovin (1988), Russian-born French professional tennis player
- Ilya Kablukov (1988), professional ice hockey player
- Ekaterina Makarova (1988), professional tennis player
- Pavel Mamayev (1988), footballer
- Anastasia Baranova (1989), Russian-American actress
- Nastia Liukin (1989), Russian-American artistic gymnast
- Diana Markosian (1989), American and Russian documentary photographer, writer, and filmmaker
- Evgeniya Rodina (1989), professional tennis player
- Evgenia Ukolova (1989), beach volleyball player
- Misha Zilberman (1989), Israeli Olympic badminton player
- Nikita Filatov (1990), professional ice hockey player
- Svetlana Filippova (1990), springboard diver
- Lukas Geniušas (1990), Lithuanian-Russian pianist
- Igor Golovkov (1990), professional ice hockey defenceman
- Georgi Shchennikov (1991), footballer
- Stanislav Galiev (1992), ice hockey left winger
- Kirill Kabanov (1992), professional ice hockey forward
- Alexandra Saitova (1992), member of the Russian national women's curling team
- Artur Gachinski (1993), figure skater
- Aslan Karatsev (1993), tennis player
- Andrei Rogozine (1993), Canadian figure skater
- Daria Gavrilova (1994), Russian-Australian tennis player
- Artem Markelov (1994), racing driver
- Vyacheslav Karavayev (1995), footballer
- Yulia Putintseva (1995), tennis player
- Sergey Sirotkin (1995), professional racing driver
- Anna Ovcharova (1996), figure skater
- Adelina Sotnikova (1996), figure skater
- Lina Fedorova (1997), pair skater
- Vasilisa Davankova (1998), pair skater
Lived in Moscow
- Alexander Afanasyev (1826–1871), folklorist who recorded and published over 600 Russian folktales and fairytales
- Alexander Belyaev (1884–1942), writer of science fiction, lived in Moscow after 1923
- Sergej Ognew (1886–1951), scientist, zoologist and naturalist, graduated from Moscow University in 1910
- Osip Mandelstam (1891–1938), poet, moved to Moscow in 1922, exiled in 1934
- Anna Akhmatova (1889–1966), poet
- Nadezhda Mandelstam (1899–1980), memoirist, first moved to Moscow in 1922, joined Osip Mandlestam in exile in 1934, returned to Moscow in 1964
- Sergei Fomin (1917–1975), mathematician, entered Moscow State University at the age of 16
- Vera Gornostayeva (1929–2015), pianist and pedagogue
- German Fedorov-Davydov (1931–2000), historian, archaeologist, numismatist and art historian; professor of Moscow State University
- Oleg Gordievsky (1938), KGB defector
- Svetlana Gannushkina (1942), mathematician and human rights activist, professor of mathematics at a Moscow university (1970–1999)
- Valentin Gavrilov (1946), Soviet athlete who competed mainly in the high jump, he trained at Dynamo in Moscow
- Armen Oganesyan (1954), CEO of Russian state radio station Voice of Russia, educated at Moscow State University, Department of Journalism
- Karen Oganyan (1982), professional footballer, played in the Premier League with FC Moscow