Misplaced Pages

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by William S. Saturn (talk | contribs) at 06:46, 12 August 2015 (simplify candidate listing and gallery, no content removed). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

United States presidential election, 2016

← 2012 November 8, 2016 2020 →
538 electoral votes of the Electoral College 270 electoral votes needed to win
The electoral map for the 2016 election, based on populations from the 2010 census
Incumbent President Barack Obama Democratic

2016 U.S. presidential election
Timeline General election debates Parties Polling national statewide by demographics international Newspaper endorsements primary general Russian interference Russia investigation origins counter-narrative Media coverage Social media International reactions Electors Recounts Faithless electors Vote count
Republican Party
Primaries Candidates Debates and forums Polling national statewide straw polls Endorsements Results Nominee VP candidate selection Convention
Democratic Party
Primaries Candidates Debates and forums Polling national statewide straw polls Endorsements Results Nominee VP candidate selection Convention superdelegates
Third parties
Third-party and independent candidates Libertarian Party primaries debates nominee convention Green Party primaries debates nominee convention Constitution Party primaries nominee Reform Party primaries nominee American Solidarity Party Maturen Independents McMullin
Related races
House Senate Governors
← 2012 2016 2020 →
v t e

The United States presidential election of 2016 is scheduled for Tuesday, November 8, 2016. It will be the 58th quadrennial U.S. presidential election. Voters in the election will select presidential electors who in turn will elect a new president and vice president of the United States. The incumbent president, Barack Obama, is ineligible to be elected to a third term because of the term limits established by the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution which do not allow a president to be elected to more than two complete terms.

Background

Article Two of the United States Constitution provides that for a person to be elected and serve as President of the United States, the individual must be a natural-born citizen of the United States, at least 35 years old, and a resident of the United States for a period of no less than 14 years. Candidates for the presidency typically seek the nomination of one of the various political parties of the United States, in which case each party devises a method (such as a primary election) to choose the candidate the party deems best suited to run for the position. The party's delegates then officially nominate a candidate to run on the party's behalf.

Democrat Barack Obama, a former U.S. Senator from Illinois, is due to complete his second and final term in office on January 20, 2017. In the United States presidential election, 2008, Obama defeated Republican Senator John McCain from Arizona, receiving 52.9% of the popular vote and 68% of the electoral vote. He was reelected in the 2012 election, defeating former Governor of Massachusetts Mitt Romney with 51.1% of the popular vote and 62% of the electoral vote. Obama is not eligible to seek reelection to a third term due to restrictions set by the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution. During his second term, President Obama's approval ratings have been listed by Gallup as between 40 and 50 percent. His approval rating is widely seen as an indicator for how well the Democratic Party will do in the 2016 election.

2012 election

In the 2012 election, incumbent President Barack Obama defeated former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, with 51.1% of the popular vote and 332 of 538 electoral votes. A CNN article published on the day of the election listed a few examples of imprudent remarks made by Romney during the campaign, Obama's poor performance during the first presidential debate, speeches made at the parties' respective national conventions, as well as some current events (such as Hurricane Sandy and the 2012 Benghazi attack) as the defining moments of the 2012 election. Romney was surprised by the loss and had not prepared a concession speech until after the major networks began predicting Obama's reelection.

Speculation about the 2016 campaign began almost immediately following the 2012 campaign, with New York magazine declaring the race had begun in an article published on November 8, 2012, two days after the 2012 election. On the same day, Politico released an article predicting the 2016 general election may be between Hillary Clinton and Jeb Bush, while a New York Times article named Chris Christie and Cory Booker as potential candidates.

2014 midterm elections

In the United States elections for the Senate and House in 2012, Republicans retained their majority of seats in the House of Representatives despite minor losses while Democrats increased their majority in the Senate. Subsequently, in the 2014 midterm elections, the Republicans won a majority of seats in both Houses of Congress, increasing their majority in the House and gaining a majority in the Senate.

Primaries

Democratic Party

Former First Lady, former Senator from New York, and former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton became the first Democrat to announce a candidacy for the presidency, which she did via a video on April 12, 2015. According to nationwide opinion polls in 2015, Clinton is considered the front-runner for the 2016 Democratic presidential nomination, as well as the general election. Independent Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders became the second candidate when he made a formal announcement on April 30 that he was running for the Democratic nomination. While not the front-runner, as of July 1, Sanders's campaign stops have been drawing the largest crowds of any of the candidates in the run for president. Former Governor of Maryland Martin O'Malley was the third candidate to enter the race, which he did on May 30, 2015. Lincoln Chafee, former Independent Governor and Republican Senator of Rhode Island, announced his candidacy on June 3, 2015. Former Virginia Senator Jim Webb was the most recent Democrat to announce his candidacy, doing so on July 2, 2015.

Declared candidates

Individuals included in this section have taken one or both of the following actions: formally announced their candidacy for the presidential nomination the Democratic Party; filed as a Democratic presidential candidate with the Federal Election Commission (FEC) (for other than exploratory purposes). Candidates are listed alphabetically by surname.

Candidates featured in major polls

Candidates included in this section have been listed in five or more major independent nationwide polls

• Lincoln Chafee, former Governor of Rhode Island (2011–2015)
• Hillary Clinton, former Secretary of State (2009–2013)
• Martin O'Malley, former Governor of Maryland (2007–2015)
• Bernie Sanders, U.S. Senator from Vermont (2007–present)
• Jim Webb, former U.S. Senator from Virginia (2007–2013)

• Chafee (campaign)
• Clinton (campaign)
• O'Malley (campaign)
• Sanders (campaign)
• Webb (campaign)

Other candidates

The following notable individuals have taken one or both of the following actions: formally announced their candidacy; filed as a candidate with FEC.

• Jeff Boss, 9/11 Truther and perennial candidate from New Jersey
• Robby Wells, Reform Party and Constitution Party presidential candidate in 2012 from North Carolina
• Willie Wilson, businessman and 2015 Chicago mayoral candidate from Illinois

Formally exploring a candidacy

• Lawrence Lessig, professor at Harvard Law School, political activist; launched an exploratory campaign.

Publicly expressed interest

As of August 2015, the following potential candidate has expressed interest in running for president within the past three months.

• Joe Biden, Vice President of the United States since 2009; U.S. Senator from Delaware 1973–2009; presidential candidate in 1988 and 2008

Republican Party

United States Senator from Texas Ted Cruz became the first major candidate to announce a campaign in the 2016 election, which he did on March 23, 2015. Kentucky Senator Rand Paul became the next candidate to announce on April 7, 2015. Marco Rubio, Senator of Florida, became the next candidate, announcing on April 13. Both neurosurgeon Ben Carson and businesswoman Carly Fiorina announced their candidacies on May 4, 2015. Mike Huckabee, former Governor of Arkansas and 2008 presidential candidate, announced his candidacy the next day. 2012 presidential candidate and former Senator from Pennsylvania Rick Santorum announced his campaign on May 27. Former New York Governor George Pataki was the next to announce, doing so on May 28, 2015. Lindsey Graham, Senator from South Carolina, announced he was running on June 1. Former Governor of Texas Rick Perry, who also ran in 2012, announced he was running again on June 4. Former Governor of Florida Jeb Bush joined the race on June 15. Real estate developer and reality TV host Donald Trump announced he was running on June 16. Bobby Jindal, Governor of Louisiana, announced his campaign on June 24. Governor Chris Christie of New Jersey announced he was running on June 30. Governor of Wisconsin Scott Walker announced his candidacy on July 13. Ohio Governor John Kasich announced his run on July 21. Former Virginia Governor Jim Gilmore was the most recent Republican candidate to announce his candidacy, which he did on July 30, 2015.

Declared candidates

Individuals included in this section have taken one or both of the following actions: formally announced their candidacy for the presidential nomination of the Republican Party; filed as a Republican presidential candidate with the Federal Election Commission (FEC) (for other than exploratory purposes). Candidates are listed alphabetically by surname.

Candidates featured in major polls

Candidates included in this section have been listed in five or more major independent nationwide polls

• Jeb Bush, former Governor of Florida (1999–2007)
• Ben Carson, former Director of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital (1984–2013)
• Chris Christie, Governor of New Jersey (2010–present)
• Ted Cruz, U.S. Senator from Texas (2013–present)
• Carly Fiorina, former CEO of Hewlett-Packard (1999–2005)
• Jim Gilmore, former Governor of Virginia (1998–2002)
• Lindsey Graham, U.S. Senator from South Carolina (2003–present)
• Mike Huckabee, former Governor of Arkansas (1996–2007)
• Bobby Jindal, former Governor of Louisiana (2008–present)
• |John Kasich, Governor of Ohio (2011–present)
• George Pataki, former Governor of New York (1995–2006)
• Rand Paul, U.S. Senator from Kentucky (2011–present)
• Rick Perry, former Governor of Texas (2000–2015)
• Marco Rubio, U.S. Senator from Florida (2011–present)
• Rick Santorum, former U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania (1995–2007)
• Donald Trump, Chairman of The Trump Organization (1971–present)
• Scott Walker, Governor of Wisconsin (2011–present)

• Bush (campaign)
• Carson (campaign)
• Christie (campaign)
• Cruz (campaign)
• Fiorina (campaign)
• Gilmore (campaign)
• Graham (campaign)
• Huckabee (campaign)
• Jindal (campaign)
• Kasich (campaign)
• Pataki (campaign)
• Paul (campaign)
• Perry (campaign)
• Rubio (campaign)
• Santorum (campaign)
• Trump (campaign)
• Walker (campaign)

Other candidates

The following notable individuals have taken one or both of the following actions: formally announced their candidacy; filed as a candidate with FEC.

• Mark Everson, former Commissioner of Internal Revenue, former President of the American Red Cross from Mississippi
• Jack Fellure, retired engineer from West Virginia; 2012 Prohibition Party presidential nominee

Green Party

Ballot Access: Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Delaware, Washington D.C., Florida, Hawaii, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas, West Virginia, Wisconsin (296 Electoral Votes)

Declared candidates

• Jill Stein, physician and 2012 Green Party presidential nominee from Massachusetts

Formally exploring a candidacy

• Darryl Cherney, musician and environmental activist from California; formed an exploratory committee

Libertarian Party

Ballot Access: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas, Utah, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming (366 electoral votes)

Declared candidates

• Robert David Steele, activist and author of Virginia; candidate for the Reform Party's nomination in 2012

Publicly expressed interest

• Gary Johnson, Governor of New Mexico 1995–2003; presidential nominee in 2012

Other third party and independent candidates

Nominees

Party for Socialism and Liberation

• Gloria La Riva, newspaper printer and activist, from Albuquerque, New Mexico. Vice-presidential nominee: Eugene Puryear

Prohibition Party

• James Hedges, Tax Assessor for Thompson Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania 2002–2007. Vice-presidential nominee: Bill Bayes of Mississippi

Declared candidates

Individuals included in this section have taken one or more of the following actions: formally announced their candidacy for the presidential nomination of a minor party; formally announced intention to run as an independent candidate; filed as a minor party or non-affiliated candidate with the FEC (for other than exploratory purposes). Candidates are listed by minor party and then alphabetically by surname.

Declared – Peace and Freedom Party

• Roseanne Barr, entertainer from Hawaii; Peace and Freedom Party's 2012 presidential nominee

Declared – independent candidates or candidates without a specified affiliation

• Dan Bilzerian, Internet personality
• Zoltan Istvan, futurist, writer, transhumanist philosopher from California; founder of a proposed Transhumanist Party
• Terry Jones, pastor for Dove World Outreach Center from Florida; independent presidential candidate in 2012
• Juaquin James Malphurs (Waka Flocka Flame), rap artist from Georgia (Constitutionally ineligible – under age 35)
• Vermin Supreme, performance artist and perennial candidate from Massachusetts
• Ted Williams, voice-over artist from Ohio

Publicly expressed interest - Constitution Party

• John Hostettler, U.S. Representative 1995-2007 from Indiana

Publicly expressed interest – Independent

• Donald Trump (campaign), business magnate; Chairman of The Trump Organization since 1971 (Although currently seeking the Republican presidential nomination, Trump has expressed interest in the possibility of running as an Independent or third party candidate in the event that he does not receive the Republican nomination)

Potential battleground states

In every state except Maine and Nebraska, the winner of the popular vote in the state wins all of the electoral votes of the state (although state legislatures can, by law, change how votes are allocated). Recent presidential campaigns have generally focused their resources on a relatively small number of competitive states. Potential battleground states include Nevada, Colorado, Iowa, Wisconsin, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New Hampshire, Virginia, North Carolina, and Florida. Democrats have discussed targeting Arizona, Georgia, and Texas as potentially competitive states. Meanwhile, Republicans may also target Minnesota and New Jersey. Other states may also become competitive if the close races of 2016 differ from the close races of the 2012 election, or if 2016 becomes a landslide election. Both major parties might decide to target the home states of their nominees or that of their running mates if they are from a swing state or have high favorability in the state or region.

Party conventions

Democratic Party

• July 25–28, 2016: Democratic National Convention to be held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Republican Party

• July 18–21, 2016: Republican National Convention to be held in Cleveland, Ohio.

Green Party

• August 4–7, 2016: Green National Convention to be held in Houston, Texas.

Libertarian Party

• May 26–30, 2016: Libertarian National Convention to be held in Orlando, Florida.

Debates

Intra-party presidential debates

Main articles:

• Democratic Party presidential debates, 2015–2016
• Republican Party presidential debates, 2015–2016

Inter-party presidential debates

On April 1, 2015, the Commission on Presidential Debates (CPD) announced that each of the following 16 locations are under consideration to host one of the three presidential debates and one vice presidential debate:

• Belmont University in Nashville, Tennessee
• Birmingham, Alabama
• Dominican University of California in San Rafael, California
• Eastern Kentucky University in Richmond, Kentucky
• Georgia College & State University in Milledgeville, Georgia
• Hofstra University in Hempstead, New York
• Jacksonville University in Jacksonville, Florida
• Longwood University in Farmville, Virginia
• State University of New York Rockland Community College in Suffern, New York
• University of Nevada, Las Vegas
• Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri
• West Virginia University and West Virginia State University in Charleston, West Virginia
• Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio
• Texas A&M University in College Station, Texas
• Houston Community College in Houston, Texas
• McAllen, Texas

The three locations which will host the presidential debates, and the one location selected to host the vice presidential debate, are to be announced by the CPD in the fall of 2015.

Debate lawsuit

On June 22, 2015, the advocacy group Level the Playing Field, along with Peter Ackerman, the Green Party, and the Libertarian National Committee, filed a complaint for declaratory and injunctive relief against the Federal Election Commission in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia alleging that its failure to uphold debate fairness laws and address the corruption of the CPD after multiple unresolved requests to do so intentionally excluded third parties from the election process. While a decision has not yet been reached, the FEC did take up the original complaint in a July 16 meeting, with a motion to open rulemaking failing 2–4 (Commissioners Ravel (D) and Weintraub (D) voting aye and Commissioners Goodman (R), Hunter (R), Petersen (R), and Walther (D) voting no).

Polling

General election polling

• Nationwide opinion polling for the United States presidential election, 2016
• Statewide opinion polling for the United States presidential election, 2016

Democratic primary polling

• Nationwide opinion polling for the Democratic Party 2016 presidential primaries
• Statewide opinion polling for the Democratic Party presidential primaries, 2016

Republican primary polling

• Nationwide opinion polling for the Republican Party 2016 presidential primaries
• Statewide opinion polling for the Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016

See also

• United States Senate elections, 2016
• United States House of Representatives elections, 2016
• United States gubernatorial elections, 2016
• United States presidential election, 2016 timeline

References

1. "United States House of Representatives floor summary for Jan 8, 2009". Clerk.house.gov. Retrieved January 30, 2009.
2. ^ "FEDERAL ELECTIONS 2008" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
3. ^ "President Map". New York Times. November 29, 2012. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
4. "Gallup Daily: Obama Job Approval". Gallup. May 10, 2015. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
5. Sabato, Larry J. (April 17, 2015). "Clinton's Real Opponent: Barack Obama". Politico. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
6. Cohn, Nate (January 16, 2015). "What a Rise in Obama's Approval Rating Means for 2016". New York Times. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
7. "President Obama Job Approval", RealClearPolitics.
8. Abdullah, Hamilah (November 6, 2015). "21 moments that defined the campaign and America". CNN. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
9. "Obama Writes Concession Speech, Romney Does Not". CBS News. November 6, 2015. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
10. Amira, Dan (November 8, 2012). "Let the 2016 Campaign Season Begin!". New York Magazine. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
11. Martin, Johnathon; Haberman, Maggie (November 8, 2012). "2016 election: Hillary Clinton vs. Jeb Bush?". Politico. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
12. Barbaro, Micharl (November 8, 2012). "After Obama, Christie Wants a G.O.P. Hug". New York Times. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
13. "2014 Election Results". Politico. December 17, 2014. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
14. Keith, Tamara; Montanar, Domenico (April 10, 2015). "Hillary Clinton Expected To Go Small With Big Announcement". NPR. Retrieved April 12, 2015.
15. Miller, Jake (January 29, 2013). "Is Hillary Clinton closing the door on politics?". CBS News.
16. Holland, Steve (January 16, 2013). "Hillary Clinton leaving world stage, but for how long?". Reuters.
17. Merica, Dan (April 30, 2015). "Bernie Sanders is running for president". CNN. Retrieved July 6, 2015.
18. Seitz-Wald Alex (July 2, 2015). "Bernie Sanders draws biggest crowd of any 2016 candidate yet". msnbc. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
19. ^ Jackson, David & Cooper, Allen (May 30, 2015). "Martin O'Malley jumps into presidential race". USA Today. Retrieved May 30, 2015. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
20. ^ DelReal, Jose A. (June 3, 2015). "Lincoln Chafee announces long-shot presidential bid". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 3, 2015.
21. "Rhode Island's Chafee enters 2016 Democratic contest". Boston Herald. Associated Press. June 3, 2015. Retrieved June 3, 2015.
22. ^ Catanese, David (July 2, 2015). "Jim Webb Announces For President". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved July 2, 2015.
23. "Lincoln Chafee FEC filing" (PDF). FEC. June 16, 2015. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
24. Chozick, Amy. "Hillary Clinton Announces 2016 Presidential Bid". The New York Times. Retrieved April 12, 2015.
25. Karni, Annie (April 12, 2015). "Hillary Clinton formally announces 2016 run". Politico. Retrieved April 18, 2015.
26. "Hillary Rodham Clinton FEC filing" (PDF). FEC. April 13, 2015. Retrieved April 13, 2015.
27. "Martin O'Malley FEC filing" (PDF). FEC. May 29, 2015. Retrieved June 2, 2015.
28. Rappeport, Alan (April 30, 2015). "Bernie Sanders Announces He Is Running for President". The New York Times. Retrieved April 30, 2015. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
29. "Bernard Sanders FEC filing" (PDF). FEC. April 28, 2015. Retrieved May 2, 2015.
30. "Democrat Jim Webb joins 2016 White House race". Fox News. July 2, 2015. Retrieved July 2, 2015. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
31. "Jim Webb FEC filing" (PDF). FEC. July 14, 2015. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
32. Walker, Hunter (December 26, 2012). "Conspiracy Theorist Jeff Boss Launches Mayoral Bid". Politicker Network. Retrieved June 23, 2013.
33. "Jeff Boss FEC filing" (PDF). FEC. August 25, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2015.
34. Burns, Michael (October 30, 2014) "Presidential candidate visits his old home in Greer", The Greenville News. Retrieved November 24, 2014.
35. Palmes-Dennis, Susan (November 1, 2013) "Democratic presidential aspirant lays out game plan for US", Sun.Star. Retrieved November 22, 2013
36. "Robert Carr Wells Jr. FEC filing" (PDF). FEC. November 11, 2013. Retrieved April 13, 2015.
37. Willie Wilson Throws Hat In the Ring to Bid for President Chicago Defender. May 12, 2015. Accessed June 3, 2015.
38. Chicago businessman Willie Wilson running for president WGN-TV. June 1, 2015. Accessed June 3, 2015.
39. "Willie Wilson FEC filing" (PDF). FEC. May 13, 2015. Retrieved June 3, 2015.
40. Merica, Dan (August 11, 2015). "Harvard professor Lawrence Lessig is exploring a long shot presidential bid". CNN.com. Retrieved August 11, 2015.
41. Foran, Clare (August 11, 2015). "Why Exactly Is Lawrence Lessig Considering Running for President?". National Journal. Retrieved August 11, 2015.
42. Feldmann, Linda (July 3, 2015). "Will Joe Biden run for president? Drumbeat picks up". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved July 6, 2015.
43. Sylte, Allison (July 21, 2015) "In Denver, Biden still noncommittal on 2016", 9News. Retrieved July 27, 2015.
44. Chozick, Amy (August 1, 2015) "Joe Biden Said to Be Taking New Look at Presidential Run", The New York Times. Retrieved August 3, 2015.
45. Martin, Nathan; Maggie Haberman (March 22, 2015). "Ted Cruz Hopes Early Campaign Entry Will Focus Voters' Attention". The New York Times. Retrieved March 24, 2015.
46. "Ted Cruz Announces Presidential Bid". NBC News. March 23, 2015. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
47. Camia, Catalina (April 7, 2015). "Rand Paul announces presidential run". USA Today. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
48. Jaffe, Alexandra; Bash, Dana (April 13, 2015) "He's in: Marco Rubio announces presidential bid", CNN. Retrieved April 14, 2015.
49. Leary, Alex (April 13, 2015). "Marco Rubio, Casting Himself as a Leader for a New Generation, is Running for President". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved April 14, 2015. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
50. Katie, Glueck (April 14, 2015). "Ben Carson to announce 2016 intentions in Detroit on May 4". Politico. Retrieved April 18, 2015. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
51. Epstein, Reid (April 22, 2015). "Carly Fiorina to Launch Presidential Campaign on May 4". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved April 26, 2015. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
52. Barabak, Mark Z. (April 17, 2015). "Mike Huckabee edges toward 2016 run; May 5 announcement planned". Los Angeles Times. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
53. "Announcement – Rick Santorum for President". Ricksantorum.com. Retrieved June 5, 2015.
54. ^ Fahrenthold, David A. (May 28, 2015). "George Pataki announces presidential campaign". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 28, 2015.
55. Rappeport, Alan (June 1, 2015). "Lindsey Graham Announces Presidential Bid". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 1, 2015.
56. Jervis, Rick; Camia, Catalina (June 4, 2015). "Rick Perry launches 2016 presidential campaign". USA TODAY. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
57. "Jeb Bush set to launch 2016 presidential bid today; logo omits last name". Dallasnews.com. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
58. "Donald Trump Announces Presidential Campaign". The Wall Street Journal. June 16, 2015. Retrieved June 16, 2015. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
59. "Louisiana Gov. Bobby Jindal Becomes First Asian-Indian to Run for President". Fox News. Retrieved June 25, 2015.
60. Moody, Chris; Killough, Ashley (June 30, 2015). "Chris Christie launches 2016 presidential bid". CNN. Retrieved July 6, 2015.
61. Burlij, Terence; Lee, MJ; LoBianco, Tom (July 13, 2015). "Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker officially enters 2016 presidential race". CNN.com. Retrieved July 13, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
62. ^ Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (July 21, 2015). "John Kasich Enters Crowded 2016 Race Facing Job of Catch-Up". The New York Times. Retrieved July 21, 2015.
63. ^ Allen, Cooper (July 30, 2015). "Jim Gilmore formally joins GOP presidential race". USA Today. Retrieved July 30, 2015.
64. Rafferty, Andrew (June 15, 2015). "Jeb Bush Makes 2016 Run Official". NBC News. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
65. "Jeb Bush FEC Filing" (PDF). FEC.gov. June 15, 2015. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
66. Terris, Ben (May 3, 2015). "Ben Carson announces presidential campaign". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 4, 2015. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
67. Rafferty , Andrew (May 4, 2015). "Ben Carson Announces 2016 Run". NBCNews.com. Retrieved May 4, 2015.
68. "Ben Carson FEC Filing" (PDF). FEC.gov. May 4, 2015. Retrieved May 7, 2015.
69. Barbaro, Michael (June 30, 2015). "Chris Christie Announces Run, Pledging 'Truth' About Nation's Woes". New York Times. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
70. "Christopher J. Christie FEC Filing" (PDF). FEC.gov. July 1, 2015. Retrieved July 6, 2015.
71. Mascaro, Lisa and David Lauter (March 22, 2015). "Texas Republican Sen. Ted Cruz Launches Presidential Bid". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
72. Zezima, Katie (March 23, 2015). "Ted Cruz Announces He's Running for President". The Washington Post. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
73. "Ted Cruz FEC filing" (PDF). FEC.gov. March 23, 2015. Retrieved April 1, 2015.
74. Gass, Nick (May 4, 2015). "Carly Fiorina: 'Yes, I am running for president'". Politico. Retrieved May 4, 2015.
75. "Carly Fiorina FEC Filing" (PDF). FEC.gov. May 4, 2015. Retrieved May 7, 2015.
76. "Jim Gilmore FEC Filing" (PDF). FEC.gov. July 29, 2015. Retrieved July 29, 2015.
77. Jaffe, Alexandra (June 1, 2015) "Graham bets on foreign experience in White House bid announcement", CNN. Retrieved June 1, 2015.
78. "Lindsey Graham FEC Filing" (PDF). FEC.gov. June 1, 2015. Retrieved June 2, 2015.
79. Trip, Gabriel (May 5, 2015). "Mike Huckabee Joins Republican Presidential Race". New York Times. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
80. "Mike Huckabee FEC Filing" (PDF). FEC.gov. Retrieved May 10, 2015.
81. Fahrenthold, David A.; Hohmann, James (June 24, 2015). "Bobby Jindal announces entry into 2016 presidential race". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 24, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
82. "Bobby Jindal FEC Filing" (PDF). FEC.gov. June 29, 2015. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
83. "John Kasich FEC Filing" (PDF). FEC.gov. July 23, 2015. Retrieved July 28, 2015.
84. "George Pataki FEC filing" (PDF). FEC.gov. June 2, 2015. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
85. Lambert, Lisa (April 7, 2015). "Republican Rand Paul announces 2016 presidential run on website". Reuters. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
86. Killough, Ashley (April 7, 2015). "Rand Paul: 'I am running for president'". CNN. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
87. "Rand Paul FEC filing" (PDF). FEC.gov. April 8, 2015. Retrieved April 9, 2015.
88. Beckwith , Ryan Teague; Rhodan, Maya (June 4, 2015). "Rick Perry Announces Presidential Bid". Time. Retrieved June 4, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
89. "Rick Perry FEC filing" (PDF). FEC.gov. June 19, 2015. Retrieved June 22, 2015.
90. Parker, Ashley (April 13, 2015). "Marco Rubio Announces 2016 Presidential Bid". The New York Times. Retrieved April 13, 2015. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
91. Nelson, Rebecca (April 13, 2015) "Marco Rubio Makes His Pitch as the Fresh Face of the GOP in 2016", National Journal. Retrieved April 14, 2015.
92. "Marco Rubio FEC Filing" (PDF). FEC.gov. April 13, 2015. Retrieved May 7, 2015.
93. Jackson, David (May 27, 2015). "Santorum officially begins 2016 presidential campaign". USA Today. Retrieved May 28, 2015.
94. "Rick Santorum FEC filing" (PDF). FEC.gov. May 27, 2015. Retrieved June 1, 2015.
95. "Donald Trump is running for president". Business Insider. June 16, 2015. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
96. "Donald Trump announces presidential bid". Washington Post. June 16, 2015. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
97. "Donald Trump FEC filing" (PDF). FEC.gov. June 22, 2015. Retrieved June 24, 2015.
98. Burlij, Terence; Lee, MJ; LoBianco, Tom (July 13, 2015). "Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker officially enters 2016 presidential race". CNN.com. Retrieved July 13, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
99. "Scott Walker FEC filing". FEC. FEC.gov. Retrieved July 13, 2015.
100. Dinan, Stephen (March 5, 2015). "Mark Everson, former Reagan & Bush aide, launches GOP White House bid on pro-amnesty platform". The Washington Times. Retrieved March 5, 2015.
101. Larson, Leslie (March 5, 2015) "Long shot 2016 candidate launches campaign with emotional 16-page letter", Business Insider. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
102. "Mark Everson FEC filing" (PDF). FEC. March 10, 2015. Retrieved March 17, 2015.
103. "Jack Fellure FEC filing" (PDF). FEC. November 13, 2012. Retrieved June 2, 2015.
104. "July 2015 Ballot Access News Print Edition", Ballot Access News. August 6, 2015.
105. "Arkansas Says Constitution Party and Green Party Both Are on 2016 Ballot for President", Ballot Access News. August 6, 2015.
106. Bartels, Lynn (June 22, 2015). "Green Party's Jill Stein to run again for president". The Denver Post. Retrieved June 23, 2015.
107. "Jill Stein FEC filing" (PDF). FEC. July 14, 2015. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
108. Davis, Glenn (April 20, 2015) "Green Party Says It Is The Alternative to Warmongers and Special Interests", IVN.us. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
109. "Darryl Cherney for President Exploratory Committee". Facebook.
110. "Ballot Access News – December 2014 Ballot Access News Print Edition". ballot-access.org.
111. "Robert David Steele Seeking Libertarian Presidential Nomination, Wants to Create Coalition to End "Two Party Tyranny"". Independent Political Report. June 16, 2015. Retrieved June 19, 2015.
112. "Robert Steele Declares for Libertarian Nomination". We The People Reform Coalition. June 16, 2015. Retrieved June 19, 2015.
113. Gillespie, Nick; Bragg, Meredith (July 16, 2015) "Gary Johnson on Trump, the Presidential Election, and Life as a Pot Company CEO", Reason.com. Retrieved July 27.
114. Davis, Glenn (July 27, 2015) "IVN Exclusive Interview: Gary Johnson Says Voters Need A Candidate Not Constrained by Partisan Litmus Tests", IVN.us. Retrevd July 27, 2015.
115. Winger, Richard (July 24, 2015). "Party for Socialism and Liberation Announces 2016 Presidential Ticket". Ballot Access News. Retrieved July 25, 2015.
116. ^ "Prohibition Party Nominates National Ticket". Ballot Access News. July 31, 2015. Retrieved August 3, 2015.
117. "Roseanne Barr Says She Will Seek the Peace and Freedom Party's Presidential Nomination Again in 2016". Independent Political Report. March 11, 2015. Retrieved April 29, 2015.
118. Mulshine, Molly (June 25, 2015) "The notorious ‘King of Instagram' threw a raunchy presidential campaign launch party and I had a front row seat", Business Insider. Retrieved July 2, 2015.
119. Hewitt, John (October 31, 2014) "An interview with Zoltan Istvan, leader of the Transhumanist Party and 2016 presidential contender", ExtremeTech.com. Retrieved March 7, 2015.
120. Bartlett, Jamie (December 23, 2014). "Meet the Transhumanist Party: 'Want to live forever? Vote for me'". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved March 6, 2015.
121. "Zoltan Istvan Gyurko FEC filing" (PDF). FEC. June 19, 2015. Retrieved June 21, 2015.
122. Gavin, Patrick (November 29, 2013) "2016 already here for fringe hopefuls", Politico. Retrieved November 30, 2013
123. "Terry Jones FEC filing" (PDF). FEC. December 11, 2013. Retrieved June 2, 2015.
124. Vozick-Levinson, Simon (April 20, 2015). "Waka Flocka Flame for President: Watch His Exclusive Campaign Video". Rolling Stone. Retrieved April 21, 2015.
125. Seitz-Wald, Alex (May 22, 2014). "Can a Zombie-Powered Presidential Candidate Go Legit?". National Journal. Retrieved May 22, 2014.
126. Hofherr, Justine (May 27, 2014). "One 2016 Presidential Candidate Will Run on A 'Zombie-Powered' Platform. And He's from Mass". Boston.com. Retrieved May 30, 2014.
127. "Ex-homeless man with golden voice: I'm running for president", Associated Press. June 25, 2015. Retrieved July 2, 2015.
128. Winger, Richard (August 9, 2015). "Former Congressman John Hostettler Said to be Likely to Seek Constitution Party Nomination for President". Ballot Access News. Retrieved August 11, 2015.
129. Derby, Kevin (August 10, 2015). "Donald Trump Not the Only Republican Looking at Going Third Party in 2016". Sunshine State News. Retrieved August 11, 2015.
130. Cirilli, Kevin Cusack, Bob (July 23, 2015) "Exclusive: Trump threatens third-party run", The Hill. Retrieved July 27, 2015.
131. Gibson, Cary (July 24, 2015) "Donald's Trump Card", U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved July 27, 2015.
132. Lee, MJ (July 24, 2015) "GOP's nightmare: An Independent Donald Trump", CNN.com. Retrieved July 27, 2015.
133. Yglesias, Matthew (November 8, 2014). "A totally legal, totally shady way that Republicans could ensure Hillary Clinton's defeat". Vox. Retrieved November 8, 2014.
134. Doherty, Brendan (July 31, 2012). "President Obama's Disproportionate Battleground State Focus Started Early, Echoed Predecessors' Actions". Monkey Cage. Retrieved November 4, 2014.
135. Abramowitz, Alan (August 2, 2012). "Do Presidential Campaigns Matter? Evidence From the 2008 Election". Sabato's Crystal Ball. Retrieved November 8, 2014.
136. ^ Balz, Dan (January 18, 2014). "The Republican Party's uphill path to 270 electoral votes in 2016 elections". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 3, 2014.
137. "The Most Valuable Voters of 2016". www.nationaljournal.com.
138. Camia, Catalina and Martha A. Moore (February 12, 2015). "Democrats pick Philadelphia for 2016 convention". USA Today. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
139. "RNC officially approves Cleveland as 2016 convention host", CBS News. Associated Press. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
140. Isenstadt, Alex (January 14, 2014) "GOP convention set for July 18–21 in 2016", Politico. Retrieved January 15, 2015.
141. Winger, Richard (August 2, 2015) "Green Party Will Hold Presidential Convention in Houston", Ballot Access News. Retrieved August 5, 2015.
142. Winger, Richard (July 11, 2014). "Libertarian Party Moves Into National Party Headquarters That it Owns". Ballot Access News. Retrieved July 11, 2014.
143. "Libertarian National Committee Minutes July 15–16, 2012" (PDF). Libertarian National Committee. p. 4. Retrieved July 11, 2014.
144. ^ "CPD Announces 2016 Debate Host Applicants". Commission on Presidential Debates. Retrieved April 2, 2015.
145. Sanchez, Stephen M. "Three Texas Locations Vie For 2016 Presidential Debates". San Antonio Daily News. Retrieved April 2, 2015.
146. Level the Playing Field et al. v. FEC, 1:15-cv-00961 (D.D.C. 2015).
147. Miller, Zeke J. (June 21, 2015) "Third-Party Advocates File Lawsuit Over Presidential Debates", Time.com. Retrieved July 14, 2015.
148. "Sunshine Act Meetings" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. Retrieved July 19, 2015.
149. Jessica Selinkoff, Robert Knop (July 16, 2015). DRAFT NOTICE OF DISPOSITION ON REG 2014-06 (CANDIDATE DEBATES) (audio recording). 999 E. Street NW, Washington D.C. Retrieved July 19, 2015.{{cite AV media}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

External links

• Template:Dmoz
• 2016 Presidential Form 2 Filers at the Federal Election Commission (FEC)

• United States presidential election, 2016
• History of the United States (1991–present)