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GJ 1132b is an exoplanet orbiting a red dwarf star (Gliese 1132) 39 light years (12 parsecs) from Earth. The planet is considered uninhabitable but cool enough to possess an atmosphere. GJ 1132b was discovered by the MEarth-South array in Chile.

It has been called "one of the most important planets ever discovered beyond the Solar System": GJ 1132b is three times closer to Earth than any other known rocky exoplanet and telescopes should be able to determine the composition of its atmosphere, the speed of its winds and the color of its sunsets. This is due in part to the small diameter of its parent star (21% that of the Sun), which increases the effect on the star's light of its transits. The planet's diameter is 20% larger than that of Earth and its mass is estimated at 1.6 times that of Earth, implying that it is a has an Earth-like rocky composition. GJ 1132b circles its star every 1.6 days at a distance of 1.4 million miles.

The planet receives 19 times more stellar radiation than Earth. The temperature of the top of its atmosphere is estimated at 500 °F. The planet is estimated to be hotter than Venus, as higher temperatures may prevail near the surface. (cf. Atmosphere of Venus, Colonization of Venus) It is possible that one side of the planet is cooler, because it is presumed to be tidally locked due to its proximity to its star; however, under most circumstances where an atmosphere is thick, it would be able to transfer heat to the far side.

See also

• Habitability of red dwarf systems

References

1. ^ Berta-Thompson, Zachory K.; Irwin, Jonathan; Charbonneau, David; Newton, Elisabeth R.; Dittmann, Jason A.; Astudillo-Defru, Nicola; Bonfils, Xavier; Gillon, Michaël; Jehin, Emmanuël. "A rocky planet transiting a nearby low-mass star". Nature. 527 (7577): 204–207. doi:10.1038/nature15762.
2. ^ Chu, Jennifer (November 11, 2015). "New exoplanet in our neighborhood". MIT News. Retrieved 2015-11-12.
3. ^ "Astronomers Eager to Get a Whiff of Newfound Venus-like Planet". Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. November 11, 2015. Retrieved 2015-11-12.
4. Sample, Ian. "Earth-like world could be 'most important planet found outside solar system'". The Guardian. Retrieved 2015-11-11.
5. Burgess, Matt. "Exoplanet GJ 1132b: the 'most important' ever found (Wired UK)". Wired UK. Retrieved 2015-11-12.
6. ^ Eva Botkin-Kowacki (2015-11-11). "Spotted: A rocky Earth-sized planet close by". Christian Science Monitor.

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