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In the province of Ontario, Canada, regional municipalities are upper-tier municipalities that generally have more servicing responsibilities than counties. They generally provide the following services: maintenance and construction of arterial roads, transit, policing, sewer and water systems, waste disposal, region-wide land use planning and development, as well as health and social services. Regions are typically more urbanized than counties. Regional municipalities are usually implemented in census divisions where an interconnected cluster of urban centres forms the majority of the division's area and population.
Current regional municipalities in Ontario, with regional seats listed in brackets:
- Durham (Whitby)
- Halton (Milton)
- Muskoka District* (Bracebridge)
- Niagara (Thorold)
- Oxford County* (Woodstock)
- Peel (Brampton)
- Waterloo (Kitchener)
- York (Newmarket)
*Although Oxford County and the District Municipality of Muskoka are not called regions, they are defined as regional municipalities under Part 1, Section 1 of the Ontario Municipal Act, 2001.
Between 1998 and 2001, four regional municipalities that were dominated by a single city were amalgamated. In 1998, the Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto became the amalgamated City of Toronto. In 2001, the Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton became the City of Ottawa, the Regional Municipality of Hamilton-Wentworth became the City of Hamilton, and the Regional Municipality of Sudbury became the City of Greater Sudbury. At the same time, the Regional Municipality of Haldimand-Norfolk was split into Haldimand County and Norfolk County.