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The Townshend Acts were passed in 1767 by the British Parliament, having been proposed by Charles Townshend as Chancellor of the Exchequer just before his death. These laws placed a tax on common products, such as lead, paper, paint, glass, and tea. There was opposition to this in the British colonies of North America, using the slogan "no taxation without representation" spoken by James Otis.

Smugglers avoided the taxes by importing goods without the taxes and by organising a boycott of the legitimate imports. To protect the British East India Company's trade, the tax on tea was removed in the Tea Act, and the adverse economic consequences for the smugglers led to the Boston Tea Party.

External links

• The Townshend Act: text.

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