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Shmuel Schneersohn
Stamp of Shmuel Schneerson
Title	Lubavitcher Rebbe
Personal life
Born	29 April 1834 OS Lyubavichi, Russian Empire
Died	14 September 1882 OS Lyubavichi, Russian Empire
Parents	Menachem Mendel Schneersohn (father) Chaya Mushka (daughter of Dovber Schneuri) (mother)
Religious life
Religion	Judaism
Jewish leader
Predecessor	Menachem Mendel Schneersohn
Successor	Sholom Dovber Schneersohn

Shmuel Schneersohn (Rabbi Shmuel of Lubavitch or The Rebbe Maharash) (29 April 1834 – 14 September 1882) was an Orthodox rabbi and the fourth Rebbe (spiritual leader) of the Chabad Lubavitch Hasidic movement.

Biography

Shmuel Schneersohn was born in Lyubavichi, on 2 Iyar 5594 (1834), the seventh son of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneersohn, "The Tzemach Tzedek." He faced competition from three of his brothers, primarily from Yehuda Leib Schneersohn who established a dynasty in Kapust upon their father's death. Other brothers also established dynasties in Lyady, Nizhyn, and Ovruch.

In 1848, Schneersohn was married to the daughter of his brother, Chaim Shneur Zalman Schneersohn. After several months, she died, and he then married the Rebbetzin Rivkah, a granddaughter of Dovber Schneuri. He had three sons, Zalman Aharon, Shalom Dovber and Menachem Mendel as well as one daughter, Devorah Leah.

Schneersohn was said to have had chariots on call for the evacuation of books in time of fire.

Besides his communal activism, he had wide intellectual interests. He spoke several languages, including Latin. He wrote widely on a range of religious and secular topics, and much of his writing has never been published and remains in manuscript form alone. His discourses began to be published for the first time under the title Likkutei Torat Shmuel in 1945 by Kehot, and 12 volumes have so far been printed.

He died in Lyubavichi, on 13 Tishrei 5643 (1882), leaving three sons and two daughters, and was succeeded by his son Sholom Dovber.

Schneersohn urged the study of Kabbalah as a prerequisite for one's humanity:

A person who is capable of comprehending the seder hishtalshelus (kabbalistic secrets concerning the coming-into-being of all existence every moment) - and fails to do so - cannot be considered a human being. At every moment and time one must know where his soul stands. It is a mitzvah (commandment) and an obligation to know the seder hishtalshelus.

Aphorisms

"The world says, 'If you can't crawl under, climb over.' But I say, Lechatchilah Ariber--'At the outset, one should climb over.'"

"You cannot fool God; ultimately, you cannot fool others either. The only one you can fool is yourself. And to fool a fool is no great achievement."

Part of a series on
Chabad
Rebbes
Shneur Zalman of Liadi (Alter Rebbe) Dovber Schneuri (Mitteler Rebbe) Menachem M. Schneersohn (Tzemach Tzedek) Shmuel Schneersohn (Maharash) Sholom Dovber Schneersohn (Rashab) Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn (Rayatz) Menachem M. Schneerson (the Rebbe)
Places and landmarks
Crown Heights 770 Chabad library JCM Ohel Kfar Chabad Lyubavichi Nariman House Shikun Chabad
Holidays
1, 10, 19 Kislev 10, 22 Shevat 11 Nissan 3, 12-13 Tammuz 20 Av 5 Tevet
Organizations
Aguch Aleph Chabad.org Chabad on Campus Colel Chabad Friendship Circle Gan Israel JLN Released Time JRA Kehot LYO Machneh Israel Merkos N'shei NCFJE Ohr Avner L'Chaim Society JLI Tzivos Hashem Vaad Harabonim Vaad Hatmimim Yeshivah Centre
Schools
Bais Chana Beth Rivkah Beth Rivkah Ladies College Hadar Hatorah Lubavitch Senior Girls' School Machon Chana Mayanot Ohel Chana Oholei Torah Ohr Avner RCA Tomchei Tmimim YOEC Yeshivah College YG
Texts
Ayin Beis Derech Mitzvosecha Hadranim al HaRambam Hatomim Hayom Yom Igrot Kodesh Imrei Binah Likkutei Sichos Likutei Torah/Torah Or Collections of Maamarim Samech Vov Shulchan Aruch HaRav Tanya Tehillat Hashem Toras Chaim Beit Rebbe
Practices and concepts
Chabad house Chitas Dirah betachtonim Farbrengen Mashpia Nusach Ari Meshichist Mitzvah tank Mivtzoim Niggunim Noahide laws Public menorah Seder hishtalshelus Shaliach
Chabad offshoots
Strashelye Kopust Liadi Niezhin Avrutch Malachim
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References

1. Sefer HaToldot Rav Shmuel, Admor Maharash, Glitzenstein, A. H.
2. The Messiah of Brooklyn: Understanding Lubavitch Hasidim Past and Present, M. Avrum Ehrlich, ch.16 note.12, KTAV Publishing, ISBN 0-88125-836-9
3. ^ Encyclopedia of Hasidism, entry: Schneersohn, Shmuel. Naftali Lowenthal. Aronson, London 1996. ISBN 1-56821-123-6
4. Sefer HaToldos Admur Maharash Archived 2007-05-14 at the Wayback Machine
5. See footnote number "", of "The Blessings Of The Lubavitcher Rebbe Shlita / After Minchah Erev Yom Kippur, 5752". Chabad.org. Archived from the original on March 27, 2002.
6. The Nechama Greisman Anthology Archived 2003-11-04 at the Wayback Machine

External links

• A biography of The Rebbe Maharash - Rabbi Shmuel Schneersohn
• Family Tree
• Sefer Toras Shmuel by Rabbi Shmuel Schneersohn

• 1834 births
• 1882 deaths
• People from Rudnyansky District, Smolensk Oblast
• People from Mogilev Governorate
• Russian Orthodox rabbis
• Hasidic rabbis in Europe
• Rebbes of Lubavitch
• Schneersohn family
• Kabbalists
• Philosophers of Judaism