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The surviving manuscripts of the Man'yōshū, an 8th-century Japanese anthology of waka, are broadly divided into three groups: the koten-bon, the jiten-bon, and the shinten-bon.

The koten (古点, "old glossing") refers to the readings of the Five Men of the Pear Chamber (Kiyohara no Motosuke, Ki no Tokibumi, Ōnakatomi no Yoshinobu, Minamoto no Shitagō and Sakanoue no Mochiki) from when they were commanded, in 951, to prepare readings of the Man'yōshū poems during their compilation of the Gosen Wakashū. Of the 4,500-odd poems of the collection, they prepared readings for around 4,100, which included virtually all of the collection's tanka (poems with a 5-7-5-7-7 metre) and roughly half of the sedōka (5-7-7-5-7-7), but hardly any of the chōka (longer poems with an indefinite number of 5-7 verses and concluding 5-7-7). The original koten manuscript no longer survives, but the shinten (新点, "new glossing") texts sometimes include colour-distinguished annotations, and in such texts the poems written in ink and without agreement are almost all poems that would have been included in the koten text, so such copies are referred to koten copies.

Jiten (次点, "following glossing") refers to glosses that were produced after the Five Men of the Pear Chamber but before Sengaku in the 13th century. The names of several of these "middle" annotators are known to history: in the notes to the koten text are Fujiwara no Michinaga, "the Ōe family" (possibly Ōe no Sukekuni or Ōe no Masafusa), Fujiwara no Atsutaka and Fujiwara no Kiyosuke; from prefaces Koremune no Takatoki (惟宗孝言) and Fujiwara no Nagatada [ja]; and from commentaries (etc.) Minamoto no Kunizane [ja], Minamoto no Moroyori [ja], Fujiwara no Mototoshi, Kenshō, and so on.

References

Citations

1. Hayashi 1983, p. 566.
2. Inaoka 1983, p. 562.
3. Inaoka 1983, pp. 562–563.
4. Hayashi 1983, pp. 566–567.
5. ^ Hayashi 1983, p. 567.

Works cited

• Hayashi, Tsutomu (1983). "Man'yōshū (Shohon)" 万葉集【諸本】. Nihon Koten Bungaku Daijiten 日本古典文学大辞典 (in Japanese). Vol. 5. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten. pp. 566–570. OCLC 11917421. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Inaoka, Kōji (1983). "Man'yōshū (Yōjihō)" 万葉集【用字法】. Nihon Koten Bungaku Daijiten 日本古典文学大辞典 (in Japanese). Vol. 5. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten. pp. 562–563. OCLC 11917421. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

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